pH滴定-主成分回归法同时测定酚类同系物

本文利用pH滴定－主成分回归法同时测定了苯酚、邻苯二酚、邻苯三酚的混合物，结果良好。通过交差验证法，本文还对采样区间和采样间隔作了详细讨论。     

纳米金催化剂的抗水性能和抗硫中毒性能

与Au/Al2O3相比,复合载体负载的Au/FeOx/Al2O3具有更高的催化CO氧化的低温活性和稳定性,且表现出湿度增强效果,水分压为550~1 600 Pa时催化剂活性较高.在完全无水的环境中,催化剂发生快速不可逆失活;在饱和水汽的环境中,催化剂发生缓慢可逆失活.在水汽作用下的失活与纳米金粒子的粒径长大有关.助剂对催化剂抗水性能影响不大,但对抗硫中毒性能的影响较大.Au/CeO2/Al2O3催化剂显示有最佳的抗硫中毒性能.催化剂表面硫化物和硫酸盐的生成是导致催化剂不可逆硫中毒失活的主要原因.     

乌江流域沉积岩风化过程中稀土元素的富集与释放

以乌江流域石灰岩、白云质灰岩、白云岩、硅质岩、页岩和砂岩等沉积岩的13条风化剖面为对象，运用R型分层聚类分析和质量平衡计算方法，研究了这些岩石风化过程中稀土元素（REE）的富集与释放及其对植物生长和河水REE分布的影响，目的是为河水物质来源研究和为农业生产提供依据。结果表明：（1）乌江流域石灰土中REE的富集程度显著高于各自母岩、黄壤、上陆壳（UCC）、中国土壤（CS）和世界土壤（WS）；（2）沉积岩风化过程中REE的富集特征和机制可能与母岩中REE分布特征以及风化剖面中有机质、铁（氢）氧化物和粘土矿物的吸附有关；（3）沉积岩风化过程中释放的REE可为植物吸收利用；（4）石灰岩等沉积岩风化过程中REE和F。等元素的释放对河水溶解态REE的分布有重要影响。     

电池热安全性表征模型及其相关技术

本文通过对Ni-MH电池充放电微量热及原位电化学等参量监测实验结果进行分析研究,建立包括可逆和不可逆过程的电池充放电电压和热耗散的模型.根据以热力学对电池体系在充放电过程的分析和目前国内不少学者从电池电极过程,充放电进程中电压和热耗散所受影响大小及其与时间的关系,获得了相关数理模型方程:E=Ef Ei,其中Ef=Eθ RT/F1n([M(H)]0 I/Ft)为理想电位,Ei=ktf为非理想电位,以及包括非电化学耗散Wch=g m×exp(k2t)的数理方程如下:     

巢湖、龙感湖水体中稀土元素的无机形态研究

运用MINTEQ化学平衡软件对巢湖、龙感湖中溶解态稀土的形态进行模拟。模拟结果表明，在巢湖和龙感湖中Ln（CO3）^2-，LnCO3^＋是溶解态稀土的最主要的存在形式，当8pH〉7．19时，REE主要以LnCO3^＋形式存在，当pH〉8时，REE主要以Ln（CO3）2^-形式存在，并且∑Ln（CO3）n^3-2n（n=1和2）形态的稀土基本上占溶解态稀土总含量的93％以上。Ln^3＋在巢湖和龙感湖水体中平均丰度为5．03％，Ln^3＋的丰度和pH值成反相关关系。LnPO4在湖水中平均丰度为1．61％，但这种形式的稀土在巢湖和龙感湖中非常重要。巢湖和龙感湖中LREE的LnPO4均处于过饱和状态，甚至巢湖西半湖区丰水期HREE的LnPO4的也都处于过饱和状态，PO4^3＋对稀土的存在有很强的限制作用。InSO4，LnF^2＋，LnOH^2＋，LnCl^3＋等形态的各元素平均丰度均小于1％，在富营养化的淡水中通常可以忽略不计。     

The Effect of Weight Fraction of H-PDMS on the Latex Membrane and the Stability of Composite Emulsion of H-PDMS/Acrylate

High hydrogen-containing polymethylsiloxane(H-PDMS)/polyacrylate composite emulsion was synthesized by a drop-adding method for monomer emulsion. The effects of weight fraction of H-PDMS on the stability of composite emulsion, water resistance and heat-aging resistance of the latex membrane have been investigated. The TEM demonstrated that latex particles are a core-shell structure. By analyzing the spectrums of FTIR and ¹H-NMR, it can be indicated that H-PDMS had reacted with acrylate monomer resulting chemical bond formation. The core-shell structure and chemical bond play an important role to restrain phase separation of composite emulsion and enhance the stability of the emulsion. By analyzing the surface tension, apparent viscosity and morphological structure, the results showed that the stable composite emulsion system can be obtained in which the average latex particle size was smaller than 90 nm when weight fraction of H-PDMS is below 16% (based on the weight of acrylate monomer), the stable emulsion system can be obtained in which the average latex particle size becomes larger than 90 nm when the weight fraction of H-PDMS is above 20% of the acrylate monomer. The DSC demonstrated that the T_g of pure polyacrylate is 49°C, and there is only one T_g (35°C) when the weight fraction of H-PDMS is 13%, but there are two T_g (15°C and 25°C) when the weight fraction of H-PDMS is 16%. In addition, the water resistance and heat-aging resistance of composite latex membrane enhanced gradually with the increase of amount of H-PDMS.     

基于单(6-巯基-6-去氧)-β-环糊精修饰金电极对L-半胱氨酸的快速灵敏检测

将单(6-巯基-6-去氧)-β-环糊精(HS-β-CD)通过金硫键自组装在金电极(GE)表面, 构建了一种简单、 快速、 灵敏的超分子识别L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)的电位型电化学传感器. 通过循环伏安法和交流阻抗法研究了膜表面的电化学行为; 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征了电极表面的膜组装效果, 其作用机制是固定在金电极表面的HS-β-CD空穴可通过分子间作用力吸附结合带负电的L-Cys, 使电极表面的膜电位发生改变, 导致对L-Cys的超分子选择性识别作用, 从而实现对L-Cys的定量分析. 在优化的实验条件下, 该电极在pH=6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中对L-Cys有良好的电位响应性能, 线性范围为1.0×10 ^-7~1.0×10 ^-4 mol/L, 斜率为(-65.29±1.0) mV/pc(25 ℃), 检测下限达到6.0×10 ^-8 mol/L; 电极响应速度快、 稳定性和重现性好、 抗干扰能力强. 将该电极用于实际猪血清和猪尿液样品中L-Cys含量的测定, 回收率为95.0%~104.7%, 表明该新型电极在生命科学等领域具有良好的应用前景.     

Study on hydrogen sulfide plasma passivation of 790-nm laser diode cavity surface

In order to improve the optical properties of the Ⅲ-Ⅴ laser diodes(LDs) by means of H2S plasma passivation technology,H2S plasma passivation treatment is performed on the GaAs(110) surface.The optimum passivation conditions obtained are 60-W radio frequency(RF)power and 20-min duration.So the laser cavity surfaces axe treated under the optimum passivation conditions.Consequently,compared with unpassivated lasers with only AR/HR-coatings,the catastrophic optical damage (COD) threshold value of the passivated lasers by H2S plasma treatment is increased by 33%,which is almost the same as that of (NH4)2Sx treatment.And the life-test experiment has demonstrated that this passivation method is more stable than(NH4)2Sx solution wet-passivated treatment.