InOOH纳米晶的控制合成及其液相光催化性能

以硝酸铟作为前驱体,在蒸馏水和乙二胺的混合溶剂中制备出了InOOH纳米晶,详细地考察了反应溶剂及温度对终产物的影响。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对样品的晶相结构、光吸收性质及其形貌进行了详细的表征。考察了样品在紫外光下及可见光下对液相中的染料罗丹明B(RhB)的光催化降解性能。发现InOOH在紫外光下可以彻底分解RhB,而在可见光下只能使RhB脱色。InOOH在紫外光和可见光下对RhB的分解遵循两种不同的反应机制。     

纳米金催化剂的抗水性能和抗硫中毒性能

与Au/Al2O3相比,复合载体负载的Au/FeOx/Al2O3具有更高的催化CO氧化的低温活性和稳定性,且表现出湿度增强效果,水分压为550~1 600 Pa时催化剂活性较高.在完全无水的环境中,催化剂发生快速不可逆失活;在饱和水汽的环境中,催化剂发生缓慢可逆失活.在水汽作用下的失活与纳米金粒子的粒径长大有关.助剂对催化剂抗水性能影响不大,但对抗硫中毒性能的影响较大.Au/CeO2/Al2O3催化剂显示有最佳的抗硫中毒性能.催化剂表面硫化物和硫酸盐的生成是导致催化剂不可逆硫中毒失活的主要原因.     

同时测定重油中铁和锌的正三辛胺萃取-双波长K系数分光光度法

用正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子，以Ｆｅ２＋（Ｚｎ２＋）－５＿Ｂｒ＿ＰＡＤＡＰ（２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙基氨基苯酚）－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ＿１００为显色体系，建立了双波长Ｋ系数法同时测定重油中微量铁、锌的新方法。考查了测定条件及萃取分离条件。线性范围：铁０～４８０μｇ／Ｌ、锌０～４００μｇ／Ｌ，合成样回收率（１００±２）％，重油测定结果的相对标准偏差小于５％。方法简便、准确。     

脱氧核糖核酸柔性的分子动力学模拟:Amber bsc1和bsc0力场的对比研究

脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的结构柔性对DNA生物功能的实现具有重要作用,全原子分子动力学模拟是一种研究DNA结构柔性的重要方法.DNA的分子动力学力场在Amber bsc0基础上有了进一步的发展,即Amber bsc1.本文采用基于最新bsc1力场和先前bsc0力场的分子动力学模拟对DNA的宏观柔性和微观柔性进行对比研究,发现力场的改进对DNA宏观柔性参量的预测有一定改善,即所预测的拉伸模量和扭转-伸缩耦合比与实验值更为接近,而弯曲持久长度和扭转持久长度两种力场结果皆与实验值一致.微观分析发现,除了滑移量稍变大,bsc1力场得到的微观结构参量如扭转角和倾斜角与实验值更为接近,且新力场下DNA宏观柔性的改善与DNA的微观结构参量及其涨落紧密相关.     

血手印的荧光显现

本文在比较使用联苯胺及其衍生物显现血手印的同时，提出了采用荧光显现试剂显现血手印的新方法，文章在简述血红蛋白的组成和性质，通过强氧化剂破坏血红素、沉淀珠蛋白、采用激活血痕、蛋白染色的方法，使血手印清晰显出，并先后开发出用于潜血手印显现的十五种荧光试剂。文章系统论述了血手印荧光显现的原理，讨论了影响血手印荧光显现的各种因素，说明了活化血痕、蛋白染色显微血手印方法、主要特点和显现效果。     

以水滑石为前体的Mg-Al-M复合氧化物对催化消除NOx的活性

通过Ｈ２ＴＰＲ,ＸＲＤ,ＴＧＤＴＡ及比表面积测定等对ＭｇＡｌ水滑石化合物进行了表征,研究了焙烧温度对水滑石物理性质的影响．在此基础上,研究了ＭｇＡｌ水滑石中加入过渡金属（Ｍ）离子后对ＮＯ＋ＣＯ反应的催化活性．结果发现,含有Ｃｕ离子的样品对ＮＯ＋ＣＯ反应有较高的催化活性,并与ＣｏＡｌＭ的催化性能进行了比较     

Investigation of the free volume and ionic conducting mechanism of poly（ethylene oxide）-LiClO_4 polymeric electrolyte by positron annihilating lifetime spectroscopy

The positron annihilation lifetime and ionic conductivity are each measured as a function of organophilic rectorite（OREC） content and temperature in a range from 160 K to 300 K.According to the variation of ortho-positronium（o-Ps） lifetime with temperature,the glassy transition temperature is determined.The continuous maximum entropy lifetime（MELT） analysis clearly shows that the OREC and temperature have important effects on o-Ps lifetime and free volume distribution.The experimental results show that the temperature dependence of ionic conductivity obeys the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher（VTF） and Williams-Landel-Ferry（WLF） equations,implying a free-volume transport mechanism.A linear least-squares procedure is used to evaluate the apparent activation energy related to the ionic transport in the VTF equation and several important parameters in the WLF equation.It is worthwhile to notice that a direct linear relationship between the ionic conductivity and free volume fraction is established using the WLF equation based on the free volume theory for nanocomposite electrolyte,which indicates that the segmental chain migration and ionic migration and diffusion could be explained by the free volume theory.     

Investigation of the free volume and ionic conducting mechanism of poly（ethylene oxide）-LiClO₄ polymeric electrolyte by positron annihilating lifetime spectroscopy

The positron annihilation lifetime and ionic conductivity are each measured as a function of organophilic rectorite(OREC) content and temperature in a range from 160 K to 300 K.According to the variation of ortho-positronium(o-Ps) lifetime with temperature,the glassy transition temperature is determined.The continuous maximum entropy lifetime(MELT) analysis clearly shows that the OREC and temperature have important effects on o-Ps lifetime and free volume distribution.The experimental results show that the temperature dependence of ionic conductivity obeys the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher(VTF) and Williams-Landel-Ferry(WLF) equations,implying a free-volume transport mechanism.A linear least-squares procedure is used to evaluate the apparent activation energy related to the ionic transport in the VTF equation and several important parameters in the WLF equation.It is worthwhile to notice that a direct linear relationship between the ionic conductivity and free volume fraction is established using the WLF equation based on the free volume theory for nanocomposite electrolyte,which indicates that the segmental chain migration and ionic migration and diffusion could be explained by the free volume theory.     

压强和温度对聚苯乙烯自由体积的影响

在30～130℃温度范围内测量了聚苯乙烯(PS)样品中的正电子素湮没寿命,据此计算了样品中自由体积的大小和自由体积分数,发现在不同的温度范围,它们随温度变化的斜率不同,由此确定了PS的玻璃化转变温度为80℃.同时,还研究了不同压强对PS的自由体积的大小、浓度及分布的影响.实验结果发现,压强从6MPa增大到20MPa时自由体积分布变窄.同时,当压强超过100MPa,o-Ps寿命分布由单峰变成双峰.这说明高的外力场作用下,样品中分子链构型发生变化,导致分子链堆积密度增加及局部有序区域的形成.