任意高差的多档输电线动刚度理论建模

针对目前多档输电线动力特性研究中存在的不足,将任意一档导线视为子结构并基于现有的索振动理论获得了其动张力;利用相邻两档导线的动张力建立了悬垂绝缘子串绕其悬挂点摆动的动力学方程;综合每一档导线的振动方程以及悬垂绝缘子串的摆动方程建立了两档及三档输电线的动力学方程,求解得到由端部位移激励产生的动刚度;通过对动刚度进行分析得到了多档输电线的固有频率以及模态的理论表达形式;建立了小高差的两档及三档导线的有限元模型,理论分析结果与有限元结果一致,验证了理论公式的正确性。本文提出的动刚度理论对于研究多档输电线的动态响应具有重要的应用价值。     

Deficiency of optineurin enhances osteoclast differentiation by attenuating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response

Abnormally increased resorption contributes to bone degenerative diseases such as Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) through unclear mechanisms. Recently, the optineurin (OPTN) gene has been implicated in PDB, and global OPTN knockout mice (Optn^−/−) were shown to exhibit increased formation of osteoclasts (osteoclastogenesis). Growing evidence, including our own, has demonstrated that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) can act as signaling molecules to promote osteoclastogenesis. Here, we report that OPTN interacts with nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), the master regulator of the antioxidant response, defining a pathway through which RANKL-induced ROS could be regulated for osteoclastogenesis. In this study, monocytes from Optn^−/− and wild-type (Optn^+/+) mice were utilized to differentiate into osteoclasts, and both qRT-PCR and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining showed that the Optn^−/− monocytes exhibited enhanced osteoclastogenesis compared to the Optn^+/+ cells. CellROX^® staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting indicated that OPTN deficiency reduced the basal expression of Nrf2, inhibited the expression of NRF2-responsive antioxidants, and increased basal and RANKL-induced intracellular ROS levels, leading to enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) showed direct interaction, and immunofluorescence staining showed perinuclear colocalization of the OPTN-NRF2 granular structures during differentiation. Finally, curcumin and the other NRF2 activators attenuated the hyperactive osteoclastogenesis induced by OPTN deficiency. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel OPTN-mediated mechanism for regulating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response in osteoclasts and extend the therapeutic potential of OPTN in the aging process resulting from ROS-triggered oxidative stress, which is associated with PDB and many other degenerative diseases.Subject terms: Mechanisms of disease, Stress signalling     

无机手性纳米结构的可控构筑及其催化研究进展

具有强烈光学活性的无机手性结构因其具有独特的物理化学性质, 可将手性信号扩展至可见和近红外区域, 对于手性的检测与分析、手性合成、手性传感及相关光电领域的研究具有重要意义. 在过去的二十年里, 人们对无机手性结构进行了大量的研究, 从合成方法、手性起源理论到实际应用都取得了长足的进展. 重点聚焦具有手性催化应用潜力的无机手性纳米材料, 首先介绍了单个无机手性纳米粒子独特的手性效应、常用的构筑方法和手性起源机理, 并简要概述了无机纳米粒子作为构筑单元形成手性多级纳米结构的组装方法. 重点关注了无机手性纳米材料在手性催化领域的应用, 讨论了手性金属纳米结构、手性半导体纳米结构、手性陶瓷纳米结构及手性磁性纳米粒子用于手性催化的相关机理, 并对有代表性的最新进展进行了分析. 最后, 梳理了目前无机手性结构及其催化性能存在的不足和面临的挑战, 并对未来的研究方向进行了展望.     

分子印迹技术在黄曲霉毒素检测中的最新研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

黄曲霉毒素(AFT)是由黄曲霉和寄生曲霉等某些菌株产生的一类真菌毒素,主要包括B1,B2,G1,G2,M1,M2,GM,P1,Q1,毒醇等,其中B1的毒性最大,致癌性最强,其广泛存在土壤、动植物、各种坚果、谷物,奶,食用油及其制品中,因此,食品中超痕量及痕量的黄曲霉毒素的检测方法受到高度关注。由于农产品样品基质复杂,而黄曲霉毒素含量和限量极低,高效特异性样品前处理技术是高灵敏精准检测黄曲霉毒素的关键之重。近年来分子印迹技术在样品前处理和核心识别元件等方面发展迅猛,在黄曲霉毒素痕量检测方面凸显出一定优势。综述了近几年来分子印迹技术在黄曲霉毒素前处理及快速检测等方面最新研究进展,并展望了分子印迹技术在黄曲霉检测应用的发展前景。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(tristyrylphenol ethoxylates,TSPn EO)的分析方法,并对TSPn EO在反相色谱柱(XBridge C_(18),150 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)、亲水相互作用色谱柱(XBridge HILIC,150 m m×2.1 m m,3.5μm)、氨基色谱柱(XBridge Amide,150 m m×2.1 m m,3.5μm)、伪反相色谱柱(C18柱(XBridge C_(18),50 mm×2.1 mm,5μm)与硅胶柱(Nova-Pak Silica,150 mm×2.1 mm,4μm)串联)4种不同液相色谱分离模式下的分离效果进行了研究。实验比较了5 mmol/L乙酸铵水-乙腈、0.1%(v/v)甲酸水-乙腈、水-乙腈和水-甲醇4种流动相组成及3种梯度洗脱条件对分离效果和灵敏度的影响。探讨了TSPnEO在电喷雾离子(ESI)源内的离子化特征,结果表明,在ESI正离子模式下,TSPnEO在离子源内形成[M+NH4]+离子,其聚合度的分布特征符合泊松分布。利用伪反相色谱柱,水-乙腈作为流动相,实现了不同聚合度(n=5~18)TSPnEO的分离。     

Design and synthesis of an AIE-active fluorogen with red emission and its biological application

A novel triphenylamine-base derivative L containing pyridine and terpyridine was designed and synthesized. Compound L exhibited distinct aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior in water–ethanol and also displayed a threefold increase in the intensity of luminescence at 608 nm. Furthermore, confocal microscopy imaging demonstrated that compound L displays low toxicity and brights red fluorescence in mitochondria in living HepG2 cells. Inherent from the mitochondrial-targeting ability of pyridine moiety and the AIE characteristic of triphenylamine group, compound L could be employed as a fluorescent probe in the near-infrared region for living cell imaging.     

Spectrophotometric and visual detection of the herbicide atrazine by exploiting hydrogen bond-induced aggregation of melamine-modified gold nanoparticles

We report on a method for the determination of the herbicide atrazine in tap water samples using melamine-modified gold nanoparticles (Mel-AuNPs). If a solution containing atrazine is added to a solution of such NPs, a color change occurs from wine-red to blue. This is due to a transition from monodisperse to aggregated Mel-AuNPs and caused by strong hydrogen bonding between atrazine and melamine. The color change can be monitored by a UV–vis spectrophotometer or with bare eyes. The ratio of the absorbances at 640 and 523 nm is linearly related to the logarithm of the atrazine concentration in the 0.165 to 16.5 μM range, and (with different slope) in the 16.5 μM to 330 μM range. The detection limit of atrazine is as low as 16.5 nM (S/N = 3). The method was successfully applied to the determination of atrazine in spiked tap water and gave recoveries that ranged from 72.5 % to 102.3 %.

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