高专一性胰蛋白酶突变体的分子设计

本文对于改变胰蛋白酶专一性的方法进行了研究,通过对胰蛋白酶静电性质的计算找到了一种改变表面碱性氨基酸来达到使酶选择性地与精氨酸底物反应的途径,并给出了推荐的突变体表列。     

基于有机-无机介孔二氧化硅杂化材料对Cu^2和Co2+的选择性测定

合成了一种有机-无机介孔二氧化硅杂化材料(SBA-15-Tpy),通过透射电镜显微镜、X射线衍射、热重分析和N_2吸附-解吸曲线对其进行表征,并基于该材料建立了在水中对Cu²⁺和Co²⁺的选择性识别。研究表明,SBA-15-Tpy与Cu²⁺和Co²⁺结合后会分别在800 nm和510 nm处产生新的吸收峰,加入其它金属离子后不发生明显的吸收峰值变化。在最优条件下,检测Cu²⁺和Co²⁺的线性范围分别为2.0~200.0μmol/L和10.0~200.0μmol/L,检出限分别为0.48μmol/L和4.28μmol/L。将上述方法用于江水中Cu²⁺和Co²⁺的测定,回收率在96.0%~108.5%之间。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法测定果蔗中的镉

本研究建立了微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定果蔗镉的方法。果蔗样品经硝酸和过氧化氢消解,所得试液用超纯水定容稀释100 m L,在最佳工作条件下用石墨炉原子吸收法测定镉含量,镉质量浓度在0~1.0μg·L~(-1)以内与其对应的信号值呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9994,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.016μg·L~(-1),回收率为90.0%~108.6%;用标准物质进行对照,其测定值在给定的标准值范围之内。该方法具有简便、快速、安全、准确的特点,适合果蔗中的镉含量的测定。     

Molecular Design of Trypsin Towards High Substrate Selectivity

Molecular design of trypsin mutants towards higher substrate specificity for arginine or ly-sine type substrates was studied. The difference in side chain pKa of arginine and lysine was utilized in redesigning trypsin. If the enzyme could react effectively at a pH higher than lysine's pKa but lower than that of arginine, it would react more selectively with arginine-type substrates, since in that pH range, the side chain of arginie remain protonated, while that of lysine is deprotonated. For trypsin. the change of histidine (57)'s pKa reflects the shift in reaction optimum pH. Electrostatic calculations showed that when surface positive residues were mutated into neutral or negative ones, the pKa of histidine(57) would be raised and those surface charges within a cone of 70 degree around histidine(57) have strong influence on its pKa. Several sites were suggested in rat trypsin which might serve as potential mutation locations to make trypsin active at a higher pH, thus more selective towards arginine t