Williamson法合成两亲性聚醚砜酮-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物

含二氮杂萘酮结构的聚醚砜酮(PPESK)是一种新型的耐热可溶解工程塑料,其玻璃化温度高达263~305℃,可用来制造耐高温气体分离、超滤和纳滤膜,表现出优异的综合性能[1~4].然而,膜材料本身的疏水特性使PPESK膜在过滤操作中易遭受膜污染,导致膜性能下降,对膜材料进行亲水化改性以抑     

聚偏氟乙烯微孔膜的亲水化改性及功能化研究进展

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)微孔膜的亲水化改性方法有物理共混、化学共聚、表面涂覆、表面化学处理、表面接枝等几种。其中物理共混和表面涂覆法比较成熟且已获得应用，而PVDF微孔膜的表面化学处理、等离子体或光引发改性技术以及环境敏感性等将成为PVDF微孔膜的改性和功能化研究的主要方向。     

Improving the properties of HDPE based separators for lithium ion batteries by blending block with copolymer PE-b-PEG

To improve the performances of HDPE-based separators, polyether chains were incorporated into HDPE membranes by blending with poly(ethylene-block-ethylene glycol) (PE-b-PEG) via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process. By measuring the composition, morphology, crystallinity, ion conductivity, etc, the influence of PE-b-PEG on structures and properties of the blend separator were investigated. It was found that the incorporated PEG chains yielded higher surface energy for HDPE separator and improved affinity to liquid electrolyte. Thus, the stability of liquid electrolyte trapped in separator was increased while the interfacial resistance between separator and electrode was reduced effectively. The ionic conductivity of liquid electrolyte soaked separator could reach 1.28 × 10-3 S.cm-1 at 25℃, and the electrochemical stability window was up to 4.5 V (versus Li + /Li). These results revealed that blending PE-b-PEG into porous HDPE membranes could efficiently improve the performances of PE separators for lithium batteries.     

Fabrication and Performance of a Low Operating Pressure Nanofiltration Poly（vinyl chloride） Hollow Fiber Membrane

A low operating pressure nanofiltration membrane is prepared by interfacial polymerization between m-phenylenediamine(MPDA) and trimesoyl chloride(TMC) using PVC hollow fiber membrane as supporting.A series of PVC nanofiltration membranes with different molecular weight cutoff(MWCO) can be obtained by controlling preparation conditions.Chemical and morphological characterization of the membrane surface was carried out by FTIR-ATR and SEM.MWCO was characterized by filtration experiments.The preparation conditions were investigated in detail.At the optimized conditions(40 min air-dried time,aqueous phase containing 0.5% MPDA,0.05% SDS and 0.6% acid absorbent,oil phase containing 0.3% TMC,and 1 min reaction time),under 0.3 MPa,water flux of the gained nanofiltration membrane reaches 17.8 L/m2·h,and the rejection rates of methyl orange and MgSO4 are more than 90% and 60%,respectively.     

Preparation of high density polyethylene/polyethylene-block-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer blend porous membranes via thermally induced phase separation process and their properties

<正>High density polyethylene(HDPE)/polyethylene-block-poly(ethylene glycol)(PE-b-PEG) blend porous membranes were prepared via thermally induced phase separation(TIPS) process using diphenyl ether(DPE) as diluent.The phase diagrams of HDPE/PE-b-PEG/DPE systems were determined by optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).By varying the content of PE-b-PEG,the effects of PE-b-PEG copolymer on morphology and crystalline structure of membranes were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and wide angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD). The chemical compositions of whole membranes and surface layers were characterized by elementary analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflection(FTIR-ATR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Water contact angle,static protein adsorption and water flux experiments were used to evaluate the hydrophilicity,antifouling and water permeation properties of the membranes.It was found that the addition of PE-b-PEG increased the pore size of the obtained blend membranes.In the investigated range of PE-b-PEG content,the PEG blocks could not aggregate into obviously separated domains in membrane matrix.More importantly,PE-b-PEG could not only be retained stably in the membrane matrix during membrane formation,but also enrich at the membrane surface layer.Such stability and surface enrichment of PE-b-PEG endowed the blend membranes with improved hydrophilicity,protein absorption resistance and water permeation properties,which would be substantially beneficial to HDPE membranes for water treatment application.     

双(对-氨基苯基)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八甲基卟啉及其金属衍生物的合成与表征

从3-甲基-2,4-戊二酮出发,经多步反应合成了3,3′,4,4′-四-甲基-2,2′-二吡咯基甲烷(TMDPM),改进了合成TMDPM的脱羧反应.研究了TMDPM与对-硝基苯甲醛反应合成meso-5,15-双-苯基-卟啉反应,发现对-甲基苯磺酸是卟啉原合成的良好催化剂,2,3-二-氯-5,6二氰基-1,4-苯醌是将卟啉原转化为卟啉的良好氧化剂;硝基卟啉经SnCl₂还原成氨基卟啉后,用固-液抽提进行氨基卟啉的纯化,得到了5,15-双(对-硝基苯基)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八甲基卟啉、5,15-双(对-氨基苯基)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八甲基卟啉及其金属衍生物,并表征了其结构     

聚酰亚胺LB膜研究进展

聚酰亚胺（ＰＩ）是一种高性能聚合物材料，通过Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｂｌｏｄｇｅｔｔ膜（ＬＢ膜）技术实现ＰＩ分子排列的有序化，可以使ＰＩ的某些性能更充分体出现来，详细总结了ＰＩＬＢ膜的制备方法，对其在气体分离，光敏性，液晶取向，介电以及光电导等方面性质的研究现状进行了较为全面的综合，对ＰＩＬＢ的研究和应用前景作了简要展望。     

超支化聚缩水甘油醚研究进展

超支化聚缩水甘油醚(HPG)是一种分子内部为醚键,分子周围有大量羟基的超支化聚合物.这些结构特点使超支化聚缩水甘油醚在催化剂载体、生物医药、聚合物电解质等领域具有重要意义.本文介绍了超支化聚缩水甘油醚的合成方法及其功能化的研究进展,并简要分析了其发展前景.     

CM－Ⅰ型多功能擦膜摩擦试验机的研制（Ⅰ）─—原理与构成

评价膜－基体系的综合性能的重要指标是其失效的临界载荷。膜－基体系的失效不仅发生在界面，也有可能发生在镀层或底材之中，或许还有可能发生混合失效，因此，在测试膜－基体系失效的临界载荷方面，即使是已经在国内外得到广泛应用的划痕法也有其弱点，为了使膜－基体系的失效临界载荷的测试尽可能地接近于实际使用工况，更能切近实际地反映膜－基体系的综合承载能力，提出了一种擦膜试验法，并且研制了ＣＭ－Ⅰ型多功能擦膜摩擦试验机，同时还着重就这种试验机的测试原理、构成和标定作了阐述，并对试验机的主要技术参数及其功能与特点作了介绍，为评价和研究膜－基体系的摩擦学特性、失效及综合承载能力提供了一种新手段。     

CM－Ⅰ型多功能擦膜摩擦试验机的研制（Ⅱ）─—试验与结果分析

在ＣＭ－Ⅰ型多功能擦膜摩擦试验机上，分别对ＴｉＮ／５２１００钢球－ＴｉＮ／Ｗ９Ｃｒ４Ｖ２Ｍｏ钢板和ＴｉＣ／Ｗ９Ｃｒ４Ｖ２Ｍｏ钢球－ＴｉＮ／Ｗ９Ｃｒ４Ｖ２Ｍｏ钢板等摩擦副在不同条件下作了擦膜摩擦试验．结果表明，利用ＣＭ－Ⅰ型试验机能够较好地测试出在法向力和摩擦力同时作用下膜－基体系的失效临界载荷，而且测试数据的重复性较好；随着摩擦系数的增大，其失效形式是由底材首先屈服，进而发生镀层被压碎并逐渐转化为完全剥离，临界载荷也随之减小，