Second-order Optimality Conditions for Mathematical Program with Semidefinite Cone Complementarity Constraints and Applications

Set-Valued and Variational Analysis - This paper is concerned with second-order optimality conditions for the mathematical program with semidefinite cone complementarity constraints. To achieve...     

The metabolites and biotransformation pathways in vivo after oral administration of ocotillol,RT5, and PF11

Ocotillol, pseudo-ginsenoside RT5 (RT₅), and pseudo-ginsenoside F₁₁ (PF₁₁) are ocotillol-type saponins that have the same aglycone structure but with different numbers of glucose at the C-6 position. In this study, the metabolites of ocotillol, RT₅, and PF₁₁ in rat plasma, stomach, intestine, urine, and feces after oral administration were investigated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that RT₅ was easily biotransformed into metabolites in vivo, whereas PF₁₁ and RT₅ were difficult to be biotransformed. Hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, dehydration, deglycosylation, deoxygenation, hydration, phosphorylation, deoxidation, glucuronidation, and reactions combining amino acid were speculated to be involved in the biotransformation of ocotillol, RT₅, and PF₁₁. Based on the structural analysis of metabolites, it was deduced that hydrogenation, dehydration, deoxidation, and reactions combining amino acid occurred on the aglycone structure, whereas deglycosylation, hydration, and phosphorylation occurred on the glycosyl chain. Further, metabolites in plasma, urine, feces, and tissues were different: First, glucuronidation products were found in urine, stomach, intestine, and feces, but not in plasma. Second, the ocotillol prototype was not identified in urine samples. Third, the RT₅ prototype was found in stomach, intestine, feces, and urine, but not in plasma.     

Rationally Design of Near Infrared Light Responsive Micro‐Photoelectrodes for In Vivo Sensing of Neurotransmitter Molecules in Mouse Brain†

The accurate quantification of neurotransmitter molecules is an indispensable means to reveal the physiological mechanisms of neuro movement in molecular level. However, existing detection strategies cannot fully meet practical needs, and the on‐site and in vivo detection of neurotransmitters in brain remains a great challenge. Here, we report the development of a near infrared light responsive photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection method for in vivo quantification of neurotransmitter dopamine in mouse brain. Under guidance of density function theory calculations, a combination strategy of non‐metal cation doping and defect engineering is introduced to rationally design the micro‐photoelectrodes with excellent biocompatibility and stability and implements the in vivo PEC detection of dopamine in mouse brain. It opens up a new way for the accurate in vivo detection of biomolecules and allows researchers to make novel inquiries for long‐standing questions in a new way.     

Cephalotanins A–D,Four Norditerpenoids Represent Three Highly Rigid Carbon Skeletons from Cephalotaxus sinensis

Four polycyclic norditerpenoids, cephalotanins A–D ( 1 – 4 ) representing three unprecedented carbon skeletons with highly rigid ring systems, were isolated from Cephalotaxus sinensis and structurally characterized by a combination of various methods. Compounds 1 and 2 are new skeletal norditerpenoid trilactones, while 3 and 4 are two norditerpenoids featuring different new carbon skeletons. Biosynthetic pathways for 1 – 4 were proposed by involving diverse and very fascinating chemical events with the coexisting cephalotane troponoids as the precursors. Compound 1 exhibited good NF‐κB inhibition with an IC₅₀ value of 4.12±0.61 μΜ.     

拉普拉斯变换微分性质的若干应用

给出拉普拉斯变换微分性质在求解拉普拉斯变换和拉普拉斯逆变换时的三个应用,并分别给出相应算例.     

羟基对界面水分子的扰动与其对非离子型氢氟烃杂化表面活性剂聚集行为的改变

本文合成并比较了具有和不具有羟基的两种非离子型氢氟烃杂化表面活性剂，它们均表现出良好的热稳定性和优异的表面活性. 实验观察到羟基对改变其溶液的表面张力和所形成胶束的形态具有较大的影响. 该作用可归因于烷烃基团从空气/水表面上方到其下方的重排以及由羟基诱导的界面水结构的扰动. 本工作提供了一种通过修改界面处的取向结构来弱化碳氢链和碳氟链之间的不混溶性，从而利于设计具有不同界面性质表面活性剂的策略.     

Free control of far-field scattering angle of transmission terahertz wave using multilayer split-ring resonators’ metasurfaces

To enhance transmission efficiency of Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase metasurfaces, multilayer splitring resonators were proposed to develop encoding sequences. As per the generalized Snell’s law, the deflection angle of the PB phase encoding metasurfaces depends on the metasurface period’s size. Therefore, it is impossible to design an infinitesimal metasurface unit; consequently, the continuous transmission scattering angle cannot be obtained. In digital signal processing, this study introduces the Fourier convolution principle on encoding metasurface sequences to freely control the transmitted scattering angles. Both addition and subtraction operations between two different encoding sequences were then performed to achieve the continuous variation of the scattering angle. Furthermore, we established that the Fourier convolution principle can be applied to the checkerboard coded metasurfaces.     

A [001]-Oriented Hittorf's Phosphorus Nanorods/Polymeric Carbon Nitride Heterostructure for Boosting Wide-Spectrum-Responsive Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Pure Water

Red phosphorus is a promising photocatalyst with wide visible-light absorption up to 700 nm, but the fast charge recombination limits its photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. Now, [001]-oriented Hittorf's phosphorus (HP) nanorods were successfully grown on polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) by a chemical vapor deposition strategy. Compared with the bare PCN and HP, the optimized PCN@HP hybrid exhibited a significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity, with HER rates reaching 33.2 and 17.5 μmol h⁻¹ from pure water under simulated solar light and visible light irradiation, respectively. It was theoretically and experimentally indicated that the strong electronic coupling between PCN and [001]-oriented HP nanorods gave rise to the enhanced visible light absorption and the greatly accelerated photoinduced electron–hole separation and transfer, which benefited the photocatalytic HER performance.