The Application of Fractal Transform and Entropy for Improving Fault Tolerance and Load Balancing in Grid Computing Environments

This paper applies the entropy-based fractal indexing scheme that enables the grid environment for fast indexing and querying. It addresses the issue of fault tolerance and load balancing-based fractal management to make computational grids more effective and reliable. A fractal dimension of a cloud of points gives an estimate of the intrinsic dimensionality of the data in that space. The main drawback of this technique is the long computing time. The main contribution of the suggested work is to investigate the effect of fractal transform by adding R-tree index structure-based entropy to existing grid computing models to obtain a balanced infrastructure with minimal fault. In this regard, the presented work is going to extend the commonly scheduling algorithms that are built based on the physical grid structure to a reduced logical network. The objective of this logical network is to reduce the searching in the grid paths according to arrival time rate and path’s bandwidth with respect to load balance and fault tolerance, respectively. Furthermore, an optimization searching technique is utilized to enhance the grid performance by investigating the optimum number of nodes extracted from the logical grid. The experimental results indicated that the proposed model has better execution time, throughput, makespan, latency, load balancing, and success rate.     

Elongating the area of plasma/fluid interaction of surface nanosecond pulsed discharges

Plasma-assisted flow control is of high industrial interest, but practical applications at full scale require a large surface of interaction. Nanosecond pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) have demonstrated promising results of flow control, but their interacting region is limited to only a few cm². In this paper, the conditions to extend a surface nanosecond DBD are documented. It is shown that a sliding discharge regime can fully fill an inter-electrode distance of 40 mm. This discharge regime promotes the formation of two hemispheric pressure waves originating from both air-exposed electrodes while an horizontal region of pressure gradient is also observed.     

基于在线HHT和SVM的汽油机轻微漏气故障识别方法

针对汽油机轻微漏气故障会被闭环反馈控制所掩盖,提出了一种基于在线希尔伯特变换(Hilbert-Huang Transform,HHT)和支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)的两阶段微小故障识别方法(Online HHT-SVM,OHS).第一阶段在嵌入式两滑动时间窗内通过HHT对发动机空燃比数据流进行在线时频分析,以实时获取空燃比发生异常的时刻;第二阶段通过SVM对异常时刻的数据流故障模式进行离线识别.根据氧传感器信号特征,对经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)算法进行了改进,并从理论上进行了证明.基于两款发动机的实际运行数据验证了该方法的有效性.     

胜利断块油藏细分注水技术界限研究

老油田进入特高含水期后,剩余油分布更加零散,各种地质因素也因长期注水开发而发生了一定的改变.此时稳油控水难度进一步加大,为了进一步挖掘剩余油,控制含水上升速度、减缓产量递减,必须对注水井采取进一步的细分调整.基于水湿油藏注水井注水层段吸水效果,从注入水受力分析入手,运用达西定律推导出了水驱油藏水驱油全过程中的单位体积注入水沿竖直、地层两个方向运移的渗流速度公式,明晰了水驱油藏注水层段不同开发阶段砂岩吸水机理.研究结果表明,水驱油藏细分注水效果与岩石绝对渗透率、水相相对渗透率、注入水黏度、水动力压力梯度、注水井启动压力梯度、含水饱和度、地层倾角、油水密度差等参数有关.结合胜利油田断块油藏地质特征及细分注水工艺要求,制定了一套适合胜利油田不同断块区的细分注水技术政策界限:层段内渗透率变异系数小于0.3,砂岩条带宽度极比小于2.5,且东辛油区断块油藏层段内砂岩厚度小于6m,小层数小于4个;现河油区断块油藏层段内砂岩厚度小于5m,小层数小于5个;临盘油区断块油藏层段内砂岩厚度小于6m,小层数小于6个.矿场试验证实,该细分注水技术政策界限是合理、实用的,其为胜利断块油藏注上水、注够水、注好水,实现多层断块油藏的高效开发提供了技术保障,对类似油藏细分注水技术界限研究具有一定的借鉴意义.     

Volterra核函数法在轴承滚珠磨损中的特征提取及应用

针对滚动轴承滚珠磨损故障特征难以提取的问题,提出一种基于多脉冲激励法下的Volterra级数核的求解算法.该方法是一种非线性系统模型的“交叉”诊断法,利用轴承系统输入输出的采样信号,建立Volterra非线性辨识系统模型,并运用多脉冲激励Volterra低阶核求解算法,将得到的低阶核通过时域和频域进行对比来判断轴承当前所处的运行状态.该文以无心车床主轴轴承为例进行实验验证,并与传统的小波分析法对比得出:多脉冲激励法能够方便准确地提取轴承的故障特征,该方法对此类故障的诊断具有一定的借鉴意义.     

Sensor–actuator system for dynamic chloride ion determination

Chloride is a crucial anion for various analytical applications from biological to environmental applications. In order to measure the chloride ion concentration, a measurement system is needed which can detect this concentration for prolonged times reliably. Chronopotentiometry is a technique which does not need a long term stable reference electrode and is therefore very suitable for prolonged ion concentration measurements. As the used electrode might be fouled by reaction products, this work focuses on a chronopotentiometric approach with a separated sensing electrode (sensor) and actuating electrode (actuator). Both actuation and sensor electrode are made of Ag/AgCl. A constant current is applied to the actuator and will start the reaction between Ag and Clˉ, while the resulting Clˉ ion concentration change is observed through the sensor, which is placed close to the actuator. The time it takes to locally deplete the Clˉ ions is called transition time. Experiments were performed to verify the feasibility of this approach. The performed experiments show that the sensor detects the local concentration changes resulting from the current applied to the actuator. A linear relation between the Clˉ ion concentration and the square root of the transition time was observed, just as was predicted by theory. The calibration curves for different chips showed that both a larger sensor and a larger distance between sensor and actuator resulted in a larger time delay between the transition time detected at the actuator and the sensor.     

中国活动构造与环境灾害研究中的若干重大问题

活动构造与环境灾害是密切相关的。活动构造可以直接引起地质灾害,构造活动引发的地震又可以派生出一系列地质灾害,人类不恰当的工程活动还可以恶化地质构造环境而加剧地质灾害。在活动构造与环境灾害相关性研究方面,我国急待启动四大科学问题的研究工作:基于现代大陆动力学的中国大陆区域地壳稳定性分区评价研究;青藏高原隆升与地质灾害;活动断裂的工程危害及其防治;地质灾害的内外动力耦合成因机理。     

基于小波变换的精密测试转台测角系统的故障诊断

针对精密测试转台测角系统的突变性故障、饱和故障和高频干扰故障,研究并提出了一种基于离散小波变换的故障特征提取方法。这种方法采用db4小波函数对测角系统激磁信号进行小波变换,将原始信号分解为近似信号和细节信号。根据分解得到第一层的细节信号,可以定位突变性故障和饱和故障。通过多层分解,确定近似信号和细节信号的最大幅值,根据信噪比大小可以确定是否存在高频干扰故障。实验结果显示,通过该方法可以实现对测角系统激磁电源故障准确的故障特征提取和定位,提高了精密测试转台的安全性和可靠性。     

硅微陀螺梳齿驱动的面内失准分析

静电梳齿微驱动器因其结构简单、功耗低、灵敏度高、受温度影响小，成为硅微陀螺仪的主要驱动方式。静电梳齿微驱动器通常由活动梳齿和固定梳齿组成。理想情况下，活动梳齿平行地位于两固定梳齿中心位置。但由于加工误差、驱动结构不对称、扰动等因素，使得活动梳齿相对固定梳齿发生偏转。该文应用能量法及虚功原理，建立了梳齿之间的力与力矩平衡方程。得出了非理想情况下，偏离距离和转角的解析表达式，并分析得出了梳齿间的临界电压。经过数值仿真发现，梳齿面内既偏转又转动时的临界电压小于只发生偏转或转动时的临界电压。     

A new type of micropump driven by a low electric voltage

In this paper, we propose a new prototype model of a micro pump using ICPF (Ionic Conducting Polymer Film) actuator as the servo actuator. This micro pump consists of two active oneway valves that make use of the same ICPF actuator. The overall size of this micro pump prototype is 12mm in diameter and 20 mm in length. The actuating mechanism is as follows: (1) The ICPF actuator as the diaphragm is bent into anode side by application of electricity. Then the volume of the pump chamber increases, resulting in the inflow of liquid from the inlet to the chamber. (2) By changing the current direction, the volume of the pump chamber decreases, resulting in the liquid flow from the chamber to the outlet. (3) The ICPF actuator is put on a sine voltage, the micro pump provides liquid flow from the inlet to the outlet continuously. Characteristic of the micro pump is measured. The experimental results indicate that the micro pump has the satisfactory responses.