Defects related emission and nanosecond optical power limiting in CuS quantum dots

We report optical and nonlinear optical properties of CuS quantum dots and nanoparticles prepared through a nontoxic, green, one-pot synthesis method. The presence of surface states and defects in the quantum dots are evident from the luminescent behavior and enhanced nonlinear optical properties measured using the open aperture Z-scan, employing 5 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The quantum dots exhibit large effective third order nonlinear optical coefficients with a relatively lower optical limiting threshold of 2.3 J cm⁻², and the optical nonlinearity arises largely from absorption saturation and excited state absorption. Results suggest that these materials are potential candidates for designing efficient optical limiters with applications in laser safety devices.     

Growth of Hydrophilic CuS Nanowires via DNA‐Mediated Self‐Assembly Process and Their Use in Fabricating Smart Hybrid Films for Adjustable Chemical Release

Facile growth of CuS nanowires through self‐assembly and their application as building blocks for near‐infrared light‐responsive functional films have been demonstrated. It is found that DNA is a key factor in preparing the CuS material with defined nanostructure. An exclusive oriented self‐aggregate growth mechanism is proposed for the growth of the nanowires, which might have important implications for preparing advanced, sophisticated nanostructures based on DNA nanotechnology. By employing the hydrophilic CuS nanowire as an optical absorber and thermosensitive nanogel as guest reservoir inside alginate film, a new platform for the release of functional molecules has been set up. In vitro studies have shown that the hybrid film possesses excellent biocompatibility and the release rate of chemical molecules from the film could be controlled with high spatial and temporal precision. Our novel approach and the resulting outstanding combination of properties may advance both the fields of DNA nanotechnology and light‐responsive devices.     

Synthesis of CuS nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon composite for ultrasound‐assisted adsorption removal of dye pollutants: Process optimization using CCD‐RSM,equilibrium and kinetic studies

In this study, the CuS nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (CuS‐NPs‐AC) composite was synthesized and then, characterized by XRD and FE‐SEM analyses. The prepared composite was used as a potential adsorbent for the simultaneous ultrasound‐assisted removal of Indigo Carmine (IC) and Safranin‐O (SO). The CuS‐NPs‐AC dose (0.01‐0.03 g), sonication time (1‐5 min), initial SO concentration (5‐15 mg L^‐1) and initial IC concentration (5‐15 mg L^‐1) as expectable effective parameters were studied by central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM) to obtain an useful knowledge about the effect of simultaneous interaction between IC and SO on their removal percentage. The optimum SO and IC removal percentages were determined to be 98.24 and 97.15% at pH = 6, 0.03 g of the CuS‐NPs‐AC, 3 min sonication time, 12 and 10 mg L^‐1 of IC and SO. The values of coefficient of determination (R²) for SO and IC were 0.9608 and 0.9796, respectively, indicating the favorable fitness of the experimental data to the second order polynomial regression model. The isotherm data were well correlated with Freundlich model. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of 87.5 and 69.90 mg g^‐1 at room temperature for IC and SO in the investigated binary system expressed the high efficiency of the novel adsorbent for water cleanup within a short time. The investigation of correlation between time and rate of adsorption revealed that IC and SO adsorption onto the CuS‐NPs‐AC followed pseudo‐second‐order and intra‐particle diffusion simultaneously.     

反应介质对溶剂热法合成CuS晶体的影响

以氯化铜、硫脲为反应物,通过溶剂热法合成了具有不同形貌的微纳米分级结构CuS晶体,研究了不同反应介质对材料的形貌、晶体结构以及反应产量等的影响。结果表明,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）为溶剂,可以得到微米级六角花状CuS晶体,以乙二醇或者水/DMF混合物为溶剂,得到的CuS晶体为微米球花状,CuS晶体的产量随着溶剂中水所占比例的增大,呈现先上升后下降的结果,当V_DMF：V_H2O=1：1时得到CuS的最大产量,为理论产量的64.5%。当V_DMF：V_H2O=2：1时得到的CuS晶体具有良好的光催化活性,能够在氙灯模拟的自然光照射2.5 h以内使罗丹明B污染物溶液的脱色率达到96.7%。     

CuS/TiO2纳米管异质结阵列的制备及光电性能

利用水热反应制备了CuS/TiO2纳米管异质结阵列,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射谱(XRD)等手段表征了异质结阵列的表面形貌和晶体结构.电流-电压曲线结果表明,CuS/TiO2纳米管异质结阵列具有明显的整流效应.根据表面光电压谱和相位谱,在376～600 nm之间,CuS/TiO2纳米管异质结阵列表现为p型半导体特征,电子在表面聚集;在300～376 nm之间表现为n型半导体特征,空穴在表面聚集;在376 nm处异质结阵列的表面光伏响应为零.CuS/TiO2和CuS/ITO之间界面电场的不同导致异质结在不同波长范围内表面电荷聚集的差异.光电化学性能测试发现,以CuS/TiO2纳米管异质结阵列为光阳极组成的光化学太阳电池,在大气质量AM 1.5G,100 mW/cm2标准光强作用下具有0.4%的光电转换能力.     

Synthesis of CuS@CoS2 Double‐Shelled Nanoboxes with Enhanced Sodium Storage Properties

Metal sulfides have received considerable attention for efficient sodium storage owing to their high capacity and decent redox reversibility. However, the poor rate capability and fast capacity decay greatly hinder their practical application in sodium‐ion batteries. Herein, an elegant multi‐step templating strategy has been developed to rationally synthesize hierarchical double‐shelled nanoboxes with the CoS₂ nanosheet‐constructed outer shell supported on the CuS inner shell. Their structure and composition enable these hierarchical CuS@CoS₂ nanoboxes to show boosted electrochemical properties with high capacity, outstanding rate capability, and long cycle life.     

微波水热时间对CuS微晶形貌及光学性能的影响

采用微波水热法,以Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和SC(NH2)2为原料,在无模板剂的条件下,对靛铜矿CuS微晶进行了形貌的可控制备.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)分别对产物的物相,形貌和光学性能进行了表征.结果表明:微波水热条件下,反应温度为150℃时,反应时间仅为5 min即可得到CuS微晶,随着反应时间的延长,产物的结晶性逐渐提高,同时其形貌由纳米片形成的花球形逐渐转变为卷曲的棒状结构.所制备的CuS微晶具有较强的可见光吸收特性,同块体材料相比有明显的红移,其光学禁带宽度显著降低.此外,伴随产物形貌随时间的变化,其禁带宽度也发生相应改变,表明通过改变微波加热时间(10 ～40min),可对所得产物的光学性质进行控制.     

具有孪晶结构的红细胞状硫化铜的制备及其光-芬顿催化性能

采用简单的溶剂热法制备出具有孪晶结构的红细胞状硫化铜材料。研究不同前驱体比例和反应时间对硫化铜产物微观形貌的影响,并对孪晶结构红细胞状硫化铜可能的形成机理进行分析。在可见光照射下孪晶结构红细胞状硫化铜与H₂O₂组成的类芬顿系统表现出优异的降解性能,光照50 min后,亚甲蓝降解率可达95%。对比孪晶结构红细胞状硫化铜与合成的花球状硫化铜的催化性能,结果表明含有孪晶结构的红细胞状硫化铜对亚甲蓝的降解性能更好,说明孪晶的存在有利于加速光生电子-空穴的分离。     

低温下制备具有高光催化降解罗丹明B活性的CuS/TiO2复合材料

采用元素直接反应法,以Cu粉和S粉作为前驱体,将在氯化胆碱与乙二醇的低共熔溶剂中低温(40℃)下生成的CuS原位浸渍到具有锐钛矿晶相的TiO2载体上,成功制备了CuS/TiO2复合型光催化剂.采用X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)和X光电子能谱(XPS)等对CuS/TiO2的晶相结构、颗粒大小、CuS存在状态以及光学性质进行了表征.以染料罗丹明B的降解为探针反应,研究了CuS对TiO2光催化性能的影响.结果表明,CuS的复合没有影响TiO2的晶相结构和粒径,CuS的复合降低了TiO2带隙能,增加了TiO2对可见光的吸收.CuS/TiO2复合材料的光催化活性比CuS或TiO2的光催化活性都高,而且CuS的含量对CuS/TiO2催化剂的光催化活性有明显影响,0.1wt; CuS/TiO2光催化剂表现了最佳的光催化性能.