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991.
It has been proposed to rise Venice by injecting CO2 into an aquifer lying 600–800 m below its lagoon. It is shown that because of the prevailing ambient conditions in the aquifer phase change of CO2 cannot be avoided. The ensuing change of specific volume and compressibility will inhibit a uniform uplift pattern which is needed to avoid cracks in historical buildings. Further, both liquid and gaseous CO2 produce capillary effects at the contact surface with water in the voids of the reservoir rock and this affects its mechanical response. Hence further non homogeneity in the uplift pattern will be produced. This prevents the use of CO2 in the proposed conditions. 相似文献
992.
993.
Critical conditions for the direct initiation of self-sustained detonation in cryogenic hydrogen-oxygen mixtures are examined experimentally. These initial conditions are expected to depend mainly on four parameters: the equivalence ratio of the mixture, the amount of the initial energy deposition, the initial temperature and pressure of the mixture. These critical conditions are determined by fixing alternatively three of these parameters and varying the fourth one from subcritical to supercritical detonation conditions. Results are presented for initial pressuresP
o and equivalence ratios ranging from 0.3 to 1 bar and from 1 to 2 respectively, for the two initial temperaturesT
o, 123 K and 293 K. These results indicate that for the lowest values of the initial pressure, a decrease of initial temperature may favour the onset of detonation. Whatever the initial conditions, the measured detonation pressures and velocities are in reasonably good agreement with the corresponding Chapman-Jouguet values computed using the ideal-gas equation of state. 相似文献
994.
二维定常爆轰波的C-J条件与流线形状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文在W-K模型的基础上,采用自然坐标系,导出了二维定常爆轰波的声速面条件,即二维C-J条件。经典的一维C-J条件和准一维C-J条件是它的两个特例。声速面条件又可作为判定流线形状正确与否的必要条件。通过分析讨论,认为在二维定常爆轰波的有效反应区中,流线应呈先向内,后向外偏转的波纹型形。在确定声速面形状的同时,有效反应区的流场分布也随之确定。 相似文献
995.
996.
化学镀耐磨自润滑Ni-P复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
利用化学复合镀技术制备了Ni-P-碳纳米管(Ni-P-CNTs)和Ni-P-无机类富勒烯WS2[Ni-P-(IF-WS2)]复合镀层,考察了复合镀层的减摩抗磨性能.结果表明,Ni-P-CNTs和Ni-P-(IF-WS2)复合镀层的减摩抗磨性能优于化学镀Ni-P和Ni-P-石墨镀层,其原因在于Ni-P-CNTs化学复合镀层中的碳纳米管具有优异力学性能和同轴石墨纳米管结构,而Ni-P-(IF-WS2)化学复合镀层中的IF-WS2具有封闭层状类富勒烯球形结构,二者均具有优异的自润滑性能. 相似文献
997.
The present paper investigates the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) of a wing with two degrees of freedom (DOF), i.e., pitch and heave, in the transitional Reynolds number regime. This 2-DOF setup marks a classic configuration in aeroelasticity to demonstrate flutter stability of wings. In the past, mainly analytic approaches have been developed to investigate this challenging problem under simplifying assumptions such as potential flow. Although the classical theory offers satisfying results for certain cases, modern numerical simulations based on fully coupled approaches, which are more generally applicable and powerful, are still rarely found. Thus, the aim of this paper is to provide appropriate experimental reference data for well-defined configurations under clear operating conditions. In a follow-up contribution these will be used to demonstrate the capability of modern simulation techniques to capture instantaneous physical phenomena such as flutter. The measurements in a wind tunnel are carried out based on digital-image correlation (DIC). The investigated setup consists of a straight wing using a symmetric NACA 0012 airfoil. For the experiments the model is mounted into a frame by means of bending and torsional springs imitating the elastic behavior of the wing. Three different configurations of the wing possessing a fixed elastic axis are considered. For this purpose, the center of gravity is shifted along the chord line of the airfoil influencing the flutter stability of the setup. Still air free-oscillation tests are used to determine characteristic properties of the unloaded system (e.g. mass moment of inertia and damping ratios) for one (pitch or heave) and two degrees (pitch and heave) of freedom. The investigations on the coupled 2-DOF system in the wind tunnel are performed in an overall chord Reynolds number range of . The effect of the fluid-load induced damping is studied for the three configurations. Furthermore, the cases of limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) as well as diverging flutter motion of the wing are characterized in detail. In addition to the DIC measurements, hot-film measurements of the wake flow for the rigid and the oscillating airfoil are presented in order to distinguish effects originating from the flow and the structure. 相似文献
998.
K. Mazur-Śniady Cz. Woźniak E. Wierzbicki 《Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv)》2004,74(3-4):179-190
Summary The subject of analysis is the bending of elastic plates exhibiting a nonhomogeneous periodic structure and/or a periodically
variable thickness in a certain direction parallel to the plate's midplane. The fundamental modelling problem is how to obtain
an effective 2D-model of a plate under consideration, i.e., a 2D-model represented by PDEs with constant coefficients. This
problem for periodic plates has been solved independently in [5] and [10], using asymptotic homogenization. However, homogenization
neglects dynamic phenomena related to the plate's rotational inertia and cannot be applied to the analysis of higher-order
vibration frequences. The main aim of this contribution is to formulate a new non-asymptotic effective 2D-model of a periodic
plate which is free from the mentioned drawbacks and describes the dynamic behaviour of plates having the thickness of the
order of the period length. The proposed model is applied to the analysis of some vibration problems. 相似文献
999.
Bifurcation and universal unfolding for a rotating shaft with unsymmetrical stiffness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The 1/2 subharmonic resonance bifurcation and universal unfolding are studied for a rotating shaft with unsymmetrical stiffness.
The bifurcation behavior of the response amplitude with respect to the detuning parameter was studied for this class of problems
by Xiao et al. Obviously, it is highly important to research the bifurcation behavior of the response amplitude with respect
to the unsymmetry of stiffness for this problem. Here, by means of the singularity theory, the bifurcation and universal unfolding
of amplitude with respect to the unsymmetrical stiffness parameter are discussed. The results indicate that it is a high codimensional
bifurcation problem with codimension 5, and the universal unfolding is given. From the mechanical background, we study four
forms of two parameter unfoldings contained in the universal unfolding. The transition sets in the parameter plane and the
bifurcation diagrams are plotted. The results obtained in this paper show rich bifurcation phenomena and provide some guidance
for the analysis and design of dynamic buckling experiments of this class of system, especially, for the choice of system
parameters.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19990510), the National Key Basic Research Special
Foundation (G1998020316) and Liuhui Center for Applied Mathematics, Nankai University and Tianjin University 相似文献
1000.
二硫化钼润滑失效的单电子转移机理研究 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
MoS2是一种性能优良的固体润滑剂,为了考察它的润滑失效机理,在给定的试验条件下,对其在不同温度大气环境中的氧化状态与活性作了顺磁共振和X射线光电子能谱分析研究.在Mo混合氧化物的Mo3d包络峰中解叠出2组峰,分别归属Mo6+,Mo5+和Mo4+这3种化学状态,Mo5+在4d轨道上有1个未成对的电子,这是Mo氧化物中的一种过渡化合状态,具有4d电子构型和顺磁性,可以在从室温到500℃范围内稳定存在,而且活性较好,在光电离作用下形成Mo的终态化合物.因此,MoS2在摩擦过程中由于周围环境和摩擦热等多种因素的作用,在摩擦表面生成Mo6+而失效,这是一种单电子转多过程 相似文献