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961.
气体吸收谱线的线宽主要包括碰撞作用引起的洛伦兹线宽和分子热运动引起的高斯线宽, 是可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)的重要参数. 本项研究在弱吸收条件下, 通过对波长调制法中二次与四次谐波峰值比进行理论分析和仿真计算, 发现无论洛伦兹和高斯线宽如何变化, 二次和四次谐波峰值比具有恒过不动点的特征. 本文基于该不动点提出了一种线宽在线测量的方法, 并以CO2分子6982.0678 cm-1 吸收谱线为例进行实验验证. 实验结果表明, 该方法可以精确测量线宽, 进而根据测量得到的线宽确定气体分压和总压, 可有效地提高TDLAS技术在工业现场中的测量精度. 相似文献
962.
利用气源分子束外延技术生长InAs/GaAs量子点激光器材料,制作了由5层量子点组成的500 μm腔长的激光器.首次使用增益拟合和波长加权的方法计算了激光器的线宽展宽因子.其中,增益拟合是对Hakki-Paoli方法计算增益的重要补充,对判断不同电流下的增益是否饱和具有重要作用.对最大模式增益求导数,当电流为50 mA时,差分增益最大值为1.33 cm-1/mA,然后迅速减小到0.34 cm-1/mA,此时电流为57mA(≈0.99Ith).第一次使用加权波长来计算中心波长的移动,发现△λ慢慢减小直至接近于0.整个计算方法避免了在直接选取数据点时造成的误差,线宽展宽因子计算值为0.12~2.75. 相似文献
963.
Spectral dependence of light extraction efficiency of high‐power III‐nitride light‐emitting diodes 下载免费PDF全文
Using the recently suggested method of processing the data on external quantum efficiency as a function of output optical power, we have estimated the dependence of light extraction efficiency of high‐power light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) on their emission wavelength varied between 425 nm and 540 nm. The extraction efficiency is found to increase with the wavelength from ~80% to ~85% in this spectral range and to correlate with the wavelength dependence of reflectivity of the large‐area p‐electrode being the essential unit of the LED chip design. The correlation found identifies the incomplete reflection of emitted light from the electrode as the major mechanism eventually controlling the spectral dependence of the efficiency of light extraction from the LEDs.
964.
0Introduction OpticalFiberBraggGratings(FBGs)sensorshavefounddiverseapplicationsinvariousfields sincetheirdevelopmentinthelate1980s.FBGshaveanumberofsignificantadvantagesoverother fiberopticsensorssuchasmultiplexing,self referencing,optical,mechanicalandt… 相似文献
965.
Edward D. Ramsey Guo Wei 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(13):957-968
The combination of a direct aqueous supercritical fluid extraction system interfaced to a fixed wavelength infrared detector; measuring CH2 (νasymmetric) absorbance at 2930 cm?1, has been successfully developed for the analysis of oil-in-water. Using an optional, in-line silica gel treatment procedure, method accuracy for determining Brent Delta crude oil in spiked 500 mL water samples was 92.0% to 94.5% with RSD 4.7% to 6.5%. The supercritical fluid extraction-infrared method enables a second analysis of the same water sample without silica gel treatment. For second sets of analyses without silica gel treatment, method accuracy for determining Brent Delta crude oil in spiked 500 mL water samples was 87% to 96.0% with RSD 7.5% to 9.5%. Results of this study indicate that the silica gel treatment procedure reduces the calculated level of Brent Delta crude oil-in-water by 6.6–12.4% relative to samples analysed without silica gel treatment. The results of a study involving Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicate a limit of detection for n-decane of approximately 0.5 mg L?1 by measuring CH2 (νasymmetric) absorbance using the supercritical fluid extraction-infrared method. Sample preparation using direct aqueous supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction provides an indefinite means for the use of infrared techniques to measure oil-in-water. 相似文献
966.
Robert J. Williams Johannes Nold Maximilian Strecker Ondrej Kitzler Aaron McKay Thomas Schreiber Richard P. Mildren 《Laser \u0026amp; Photonics Reviews》2015,9(4):405-411
We report high‐power frequency conversion of a Yb‐doped fiber laser using a double‐pass pumped external‐cavity diamond Raman oscillator. Pumping with circular polarization is shown to be efficient while facilitating high‐power optical isolation between the pump and Raman laser. We achieved continuous‐wave average power of 154 W with a conversion efficiency of 50.5% limited by backward‐amplified light in the fiber laser. In order to prove further scalability, we achieved a maximum steady‐state Raman‐shifted output of 381 W with 61% conversion efficiency and excellent beam quality using 10 ms pump pulses, approximately a thousand times longer than the transient thermal time‐constant. No power saturation or degradation in beam quality is observed. The results challenge the present understanding of heat deposition in Raman crystals and foreshadow prospects for reduced thermal effects in diamond than originally anticipated. We also report the first experimental evidence for stimulated Brillouin scattering in diamond.
967.
Kyu‐Tae Lee Chengang Ji Debasish Banerjee L. Jay Guo 《Laser \u0026amp; Photonics Reviews》2015,9(3):354-362
Wide‐angle, polarization‐independent structural reflective colors from both directions based on a one‐dimensional photonic crystal are demonstrated. Our device produces a distinct and saturated color with high angular tolerant performance up to ±70° for any polarization state of an incident light wave, which is highly desirable for a broad range of research areas. Moreover, the purity of the color and luminous intensity of the proposed device are improved as compared to conventional colorant‐based color filters and colloidal glasses. The present approach may have the potential to replace existing color filters and pigments and pave the way for various applications, including color displays and image sensor technologies.
968.
Robert Halir Przemek J. Bock Pavel Cheben Alejandro Ortega‐Moux Carlos Alonso‐Ramos Jens H. Schmid Jean Lapointe Dan‐Xia Xu J. Gonzalo Wangüemert‐Prez Íigo Molina‐Fernndez Siegfried Janz 《Laser \u0026amp; Photonics Reviews》2015,9(1):25-49
Periodic structures with a sub‐wavelength pitch have been known since Hertz conducted his first experiments on the polarization of electromagnetic waves. While the use of these structures in waveguide optics was proposed in the 1990s, it has been with the more recent developments of silicon photonics and high‐precision lithography techniques that sub‐wavelength structures have found widespread application in the field of photonics. This review first provides an introduction to the physics of sub‐wavelength structures. An overview of the applications of sub‐wavelength structures is then given including: anti‐reflective coatings, polarization rotators, high‐efficiency fiber–chip couplers, spectrometers, high‐reflectivity mirrors, athermal waveguides, multimode interference couplers, and dispersion engineered, ultra‐broadband waveguide couplers among others. Particular attention is paid to providing insight into the design strategies for these devices. The concluding remarks provide an outlook on the future development of sub‐wavelength structures and their impact in photonics.
969.
针对土壤重金属快速检测需求,基于模型集群分析方法进行特征波长变量选择,提出了利用X射线荧光光谱技术检测农田土壤中重金属含量的方法。采集91个配制土壤样品的X射线荧光光谱值,用于构建土壤重金属检测模型。通过多特征串联方法提取特征波长变量,首先采用区间组合优化算法(ICO)粗选波长,然后采用竞争适应性重加权采样法(CARS)剔除区间波长中的无关变量,最后采用连续投影算法(SPA)进行波长精简。通过多特征串联ICO-CARS-SPA算法对X射线荧光光谱进行特征变量选择,得到5组(26、25、29、39、33)特征波长点,据此建立Cu、Zn、As、Pb、Cr 5种土壤重金属含量偏最小二乘(PLS)检测模型,并与其他传统特征波长选择方法进行了对比。结果表明,ICO-CARS-SPA算法所选变量结合偏最小二乘(PLS)的建模效果最优,Cu、Zn、As、Pb、Cr的验证集决定系数分别为0.993 3、0.992 6、0.995 6、0.993 2和0.988 6,均方根误差分别为6.938 5、23.698 4、3.632 6、8.510 6和14.764 5,验证集平均相对偏差分别为0.255 1、0.065 0、0.102 5、0.241 4、0.104 7。基于X射线荧光光谱结合多特征串联策略的ICO-CARS-SPA算法可剔除更多无效波长,提升有效信息贡献度,简化了检测模型复杂度,为土壤重金属含量预测模型选取合适的特征波段提取方法提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
970.