聚酰亚胺基导热绝缘复合薄膜的研究进展

聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜作为综合性能最优异的聚合物材料之一,已经被广泛应用于各类微电子器件。随着电子元器件的功率密度急剧增加,热积累问题已经成为制约其发展的瓶颈。具有高导热性能的PI绝缘薄膜材料被认为是解决上述热积累问题的有效方法之一。由于PI薄膜的本征导热性能较差,近年来,国内外研究学者在提高PI薄膜导热性能方面做了大量工作。本文从阐述热量在PI薄膜中的传输机理出发,概述了近年来导热PI绝缘薄膜的研究进展与发展现状,重点讨论了绝缘导热型填料、导电导热型填料以及三维导热骨架等增强PI绝缘复合薄膜导热性能的策略,最后对PI基导热绝缘复合薄膜研究进展和未来可能的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。     

An AEE-active polymer containing tetraphenylethene and 9,10-distyrylanthracene moieties with remarkable mechanochromism

A polymer(poly(9,10-anthracenevinylene-alt-4,4'-(9,9-bis(4-(4'-(1,2,2'-triphenylvinyl)phenoxy)butyl)-9Hfluorene-2,7-diyl) dibenzaldehyde), P1) was successfully synthesized through the Wittig-Horner reaction by employing fluorene and 9,10-distyrylanthracene moieties as building blocks for backbone and tetraphenylethenes as pendant groups. Photophysical and thermal properties of the resulting polymeric emitter were fully characterized by ultraviolet-visible(UVVis) absorption and photoluminescence(PL) spectra, thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). While P1 emits an orange-light centered at 567 nm in dilute tetrahydrofuran(THF) solution, the solid powder of the polymer exhibits strong yellow emission peaked at 541 nm. It is also found that the as-synthesized polymer shows unique property of aggregation-enhanced emission(AEE). In addition, P1 possesses high thermal stability with a decomposition temperature(T_(d,5%)) of 430 °C and high morphological stability with a glass transition temperature(T_g) of 171 °C. Under the stimulus of mechanical force, the emission of P1 can be changed from yellow to red(Δλ_(max)=61 nm), showing a remarkable mechanochromism. The results from XRD analysis suggest that such mechanochromic phenomenonof P1 is probably caused by the destruction of crystalline structure, which leads to the conformational planarization of the distyrylanthracene moieties forming by the polymerization and the increase of molecular conjugation of the backbone.     

M/M/c休假排队系统稳态分布的数值计算

从数值计算角度研究M/M/c休假排队系统稳定状态的概率分布.采用GMRES方法求解概率分布向量所满足的大型线性方程,构造了一个循环预处理算子加速GMRES方法的收敛.数值实例验证了该算法的优越性.     

氧在CuCl(111)表面吸附的密度泛函理论研究

运用广义梯度密度泛函理论的PW91方法结合周期平板模型,在DNP基组下研究了氧分子和氧原子在CuCl(111)表面上的吸附.对氧分子在CuCl(111)表面吸附的相关计算和比较发现,覆盖度为0.25单层时的吸附构型为稳定的吸附构型,氧分子倾斜地吸附在CuCl(111)表面的顶位时比较稳定,吸附后O2分子的伸缩振动频率与自由O2分子相比发生了红移.态密度和Mulliken电荷布居分析结果表明,整个吸附体系发生了由Cu原子向O2分子的电荷转移.氧原子在CuCl(111)表面吸附的计算结果表明,氧原子倾向于以穴位(hollow)吸附在CuCl(111)表面,通过Mulliken电荷布居和态密度分析对氧原子在CuCl表面的吸附行为作了进一步探讨.     

A DFT Study of Thiophene Adsorption on the Rh（111） Surfaces

Thiophene adsorption on the Rh(111) surfaces has been investigated by density functional theory.The results show that the adsorption at the hollow and bridge sites is the most stable.The molecular plane of the thiophene ring is distorted,the C=C bond is stretched to 1.448  and the C-C bond is shortened to 1.390.The C-H bonds tilt 22～42oaway from the surface.The calculated adsorption geometries are in reasonable agreement with population analysis and density of states.The thiophene molecule obtains 0.74 electrons,reflecting the interaction between the lone pair of sulfur and the d-orbitals of metal.The reaction paths and transition states for desulfurization of the molecule have been investigated.The bridge adsorption structure of thiophene leads to a thiol via an activated reaction with an energetic barrier of 0.30 eV.This second step is slightly difficult,and dissociation into a C4H4 fragment and a sulfur atom is possible,with an energetic barrier of 0.40 eV.     

DFT Study of Thiophene Adsorption on the Pd（111） and Pt（111） Surfaces

Thiophene adsorption on the(111) surfaces of Pd and Pt have been investigated by density functional theory.The results indicate that the adsorption at the hollow sites is the most stable.To our interest,the molecular plane of thiophene ring is distorted with C=C bond being elongated to 1.450  and C-C bond being shortened to 1.347 ,and the C-H bonds tilt 13.91～44.05o away from this plane.Furthermore,analysis on population and density of states verified the calculated adsorption geometries.Finally,charge analysis suggests that thiophene molecule is an electron acceptor,reflecting the interaction between the lone pair of sulfur and the d-orbitals of metal.     

热处理对尼龙6及其与聚酰胺嵌段共聚物共混体系晶体熔融行为和结晶结构的影响

采用溶液共混-共沉淀的办法获得尼龙6及聚酰胺嵌段共聚物/尼龙6共混体系粉末,样品在260℃下熔融之后经程序降温的方法得到非淬火样品,然后分别在190℃下高温退火不同时间(0~48 h),采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、广角X射线衍射仪(WAXD)、偏光显微镜(POM)等表征手段研究热处理对体系晶体熔融行为和结晶结构的影响.结果表明,(1)在相同的热历史条件下,嵌段共聚物的存在影响了尼龙6的结晶行为及结晶结构;(2)退火处理对两种样品有着不同的影响,对于尼龙6体系,退火处理促进了非晶相向晶相的转变,大大提高样品的结晶完善程度和结晶度;对于共混体系,退火处理同样促进了非晶相向晶相的转变,同时形成新的α型和γ型结晶,体系的结晶完善程度明显提高,退火48 h后,结晶度比原始样品提高约84%.     

采用非共振吸收线用无焰原子吸收法测定水泥、粘土中氧化钾

170—70型塞曼效应原子吸收分光光度计扣除背景能力强、灵敏度高,适于微量元素测试。我们采用钾7699(?)非共振吸收线,选择最佳实验条件,对多个水泥、粘土试样进行氧化钾的测试,均获得较满意的结果。     

用动态平板法测定不良导体的热导率

在普通物理热学实验中,测定不良导体热导率的实验为数不多.为适应该方面的需要,我们根据学校的具体情况,并参考了国外有关资料,设计了本实验装置.经过两年来的实验操作,我们认为本实验方法简便,装置可靠,数据也比较稳定,而且基本训练内容充实,很适于安排为学生实验。现将实验的有关情况作一简略介绍,以资交流. (一)原理　将一平板样品材料置于恒温热源So和冷源(即吸热装置)S之间。冷源S为扁圆柱形铜块,周围加以绝热,如图(1)所示.设恒温热源So的温度为To,冷源温度为T,且To>T.显而易见,在dt时间内,由热源So通过平板样品传到冷源的热量 dQ…