竹叶提取物对铝在HCl溶液中的缓蚀作用

用不同浓度的C₂H₅OH（体积分数：20%-80%）从金竹竹叶中提取制备出竹叶缓蚀剂（简称为PSLE）,用紫外-可见（UV-Vis）光谱和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对其进行了表征,并对总黄酮含量进行了测定. 采用失重法、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究PSLE在HCl 介质中对铝的缓蚀作用.采用量子化学密度泛函理论（DFT）研究了两个主要竹叶黄酮成分牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附方式. 结果表明：PSLE对铝具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在铝表面的吸附符合Langmuir 吸附等温式. 缓蚀率随其浓度的增加而增大,但随温度的升高和盐酸浓度的增加而降低. 竹叶总黄酮含量和竹叶缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能有良好的相关性,初步推测竹叶缓蚀剂的有效成分主要为竹叶黄酮类化合物. PSLE为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂;EIS 在高频区呈容抗弧,在低频区呈感抗弧,添加PSLE后,阻抗值显著增大. SEM表明添加PSLE对铝的腐蚀产生了明显的抑制作用.量子化学计算结果表明,牡荆苷和异牡荆苷的吸附中心主要集中在竹叶黄酮骨架（FBS）.     

高效液相色谱法测定柳树皮提取物中的水杨甙

 建立了一种测定柳树皮提取物中水杨甙的反相高效液相色谱法。该法采用KromasilC18(4 6mmi.d .× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm)色谱柱 ,以甲醇 0 0 1mol/LKH2 PO4 缓冲液 (pH 4 0 1) (体积比为 15∶85 )的混合溶液作流动相 ,流速为1 0mL/min ,紫外检测波长为 2 6 5nm ,灵敏度为 0 0 4AUFS。在 8 89mg/L～ 2 84 40mg/L的范围内 ,水杨甙的峰面积Y与其质量浓度X的线性关系良好 ,回归方程为Y =- 2 91 5 2 6 0 +5 0 0 0 0 34X(r =0 9998)。水杨甙的平均回收率为 96 1%～ 10 1 2 % (n =5 ) ,相对标准偏差 (RSD)为 1 43%。该法操作简便、快速、准确。     

染毒水样中神经性毒剂水解产物的分析

考察了对水中6种神经性毒剂水解产物固相萃取的萃取剂,洗脱剂等因素对萃取率的影响,以LC－CN小柱为萃取剂,1％冰醋 甲醇溶液为洗脱剂,测得萃取回收率为59．7％－100％,相对标准偏差为1．4％－7．2％,采用气相色谱和色质联用－选择离子检测法对水解产物三甲基硅烷（TMS）衍生物进行分析鉴定,水中水解产物最低检测浓度为0．002－0．02mg/L。为今后水中神经性毒剂未知样品分析提供了简便,快速的分析方法。     

Separation of amino acids in plant tissue extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect UV detection using aromatic carboxylates as background electrolytes

Summary Amino acids in extracts of plant tissue were separated and detected by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with indirect UV detection. Various aromatic carboxylates such as salicylate, benzoate, phthalate and trimellitate were investigated as background electrolytes (BGEs). A BGE of benzoate gave the best resolution and detector response. Amino acids were separated at a highly alkaline pH to charge amino acids negatively. Separation was achieved by the co-electroosmotic flow (Co-EOF) by the addition of the cationic surfactant myristyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (MTAB) to the electrolyte. The condtions affecting the separation of amino acids, including electrolyte pH, concentrations of both benzoate and MTAB, were investigated and optimised. Separation of a mixture of 17 amino acids at pH 11.20 with indirect UV detection at 225 nm was achieved with a BGE of 10 mM benzoate containing 1.0 mM MTAB at pH of 11.20. Detection limits ranged between 10 and 50 μM. The proposed method was demonstrated by the determination of amino acids in extracts of Eucalypt leaves with direct injection of samples.     

离子色谱法测定甘草提取物中草酸的含量

建立了用离子色谱测定甘草提取物中残留草酸含量的新方法。选用DionexIonPacAS11-HC阴离子分析柱(250mm×4mmi.d.),淋洗液为18mmol/LNaOH溶液,流速为1.0mL/min,抑制电导检测器检测。草酸色谱峰面积(Y)与浓度(X)在1.004～10.04mg/L内线性关系良好,线性回归方程为Y=0.1939X-0.0326,相关系数r=0.9999,检出限为0.012mg/L。样品回收率为96.8%～98.6%,相对标准偏差为0.78%。该方法简便、快速。     

银杏叶提取物中染料木素的分离纯化及结构鉴定

对银杏叶提取物进行酸水解,然后利用正相硅胶柱色谱及重结晶法从银杏叶水解物中分离出染料木素,经紫外光谱（UV）、质谱（MSn）、核磁共振（1H NMR、13C NMR）等波谱学方法鉴定证实了其结构。高效液相色谱分析表明,所提纯的染料木素纯度达到了98%以上。     

尖海龙提取物抗癌作用的研究

制备尖海龙提取物,再将其分别作用于Hela,SK-RB-3细胞系,从细胞形态变化,细胞计数,集落形成率,细胞分裂指数变化观察体外药效,结果表明,尖海龙提取物可改变肿瘤的正常生活形态,又可显著抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖,降低集落形成率,减少分裂指数,从而证实尖海龙提取物具有抗癌活性,其在癌症的治疗与预防方面具有实用价值。     

Exploring the Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Punica granatum Leaves

The current research work illustrates an economical and rapid approach towards the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous Punica granatum leaves extract (PGL-AgNPs). The optimization of major parameters involved in the biosynthesis process was done using Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The effects of different independent variables (parameters), namely concentration of AgNO₃, temperature and ratio of extract to AgNO_3, on response viz. particle size and polydispersity index were analyzed. As a result of experiment designing, 17 reactions were generated, which were further validated experimentally. The statistical and mathematical approaches were employed on these reactions in order to interpret the relationship between the factors and responses. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were initially characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry followed by physicochemical analysis for determination of particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential via dynamic light scattering (DLS), SEM and EDX studies. Moreover, the determination of the functional group present in the leaves extract and PGL-AgNPs was done by FTIR. Antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacies of PGL-AgNPs against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were further determined. The physicochemical studies suggested that PGL-AgNPs were round in shape and of ~37.5 nm in size with uniform distribution. Our studies suggested that PGL-AgNPs exhibit potent antibacterial and antibiofilm properties.     

BCA法测定蜜蜂变应原中的蛋白含量

建立了用二喹啉甲酸(BCA)法测定蜜蜂变应原中蛋白含量的方法。经t检验证明,该方法的测定结果与微量凯氏定氮法无显著差异,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3．1％。该方法操作简便,结果准确可靠,可替代微量凯氏定氮法。     

紫薯中花青素的超声波提取工艺

花青素是允许使用的一类天然红色素、是以黄酮核为基础的糖甙,紫薯中的花青素具有较强耐热性和耐光性,稳定性好,抗突变性较强、抗氧化能力和活性氧消除能力很强,对动物的肝功能障碍具有缓解作用。从紫薯中提取花青素色素解决了以往工业生产葡萄、草莓原料生产季节性强、造价高等不足。目前,主要是以酸化乙醇在静置条件下加热浸提紫薯中的花青素,温度较高,时间较长。本文对超声波提取与冻结。融解法相结合,得出最佳的提取条件。