钴（III）咔咯合成与应用研究进展

综述了不同类型咔咯自由碱及其金属钴（III）配合物的合成方法，并分类探讨了不同类型的金属钴（III）咔咯在能源化学与环境化学领域的应用，包括（1）电化学催化氧气还原；（2）分子传感器；（3）有机氯污染物降解；（4）烯烃催化氧化。同时，对钴（III）咔咯化学未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

基于红外标准星的红外辐射标校方法

为了提高空间目标的红外辐射测量准确度,提出了基于精确校准的红外标准星的红外辐射标校方法.测量不同大气质量处多颗具有较高光谱分辨率的红外标准星,采用天文孔径测光法对望远镜拍星数据进行处理,依据大气消光模型进行最小二乘线性拟合,获得了测量系统的红外辐射响应率和大气消光.1.2m望远镜上中波红外成像终端验证性实验结果表明,该方法的恒星辐照度反演误差最大为16.28%.且该方法无需增加额外设备,操作简单,易于实现,可随时对测量设备进行实时标校.对地基大口径望远镜的红外辐射测量具有一定的应用价值.     

掺Er3+晶体近3 μm中红外激光研究进展

Er³⁺近3μm激光是高精度激光手术的理想光源,此外其本身可作为中远红外激光系统的泵浦源,对长波激光的发展具有重要价值.研究表明,Er离子间的合作上转换能够抑制激光下能级寿命过长引起的粒子阻塞,显著提高激光效率.据此提出的“高浓度掺杂”方案造成了增益晶体严重的热效应,限制了激光功率提升.本文简要总结了关于掺Er³⁺晶体激光自终止和合作上转换的研究成果,介绍了目前实现高功率近3μm激光的实验方案及其研究进展,对高功率Er³⁺近3 μm激光的发展进行了展望.     

Proton loss of inner radiation belt during geomagnetic storm of 2018 based on CSES satellite observation

The proton distribution in inner radiation belt is often affected by strong geomagnetic storm disturbance. Based on the data of the sun-synchronous CSES satellite, which carries with several high energy particle payloads and was launched in February 2018, we analyzed the extensive proton variations in the inner radiation belt in a wide energy range of 2 MeV-220 MeV during 2018 major geomagnetic storm. The result indicates that the loss mechanism of protons was energy dependence which is consistent with some previous studies. For protons at low energy 2 MeV-20 MeV, the fluxes were decreased during main phase of the storm and did not come back quickly during the recovery phase, which is likely to be caused by Coulomb collision due to neutral atmosphere density variation. At higher energy 30 MeV-100 MeV, it was confirmed that the magnetic field line curvature scattering plays a significant role in the proton loss phenomenon during this storm. At highest energies > 100 MeV, the fluxes of protons kept a stable level and did not exhibit a significant loss during this storm.     

Carrier and magnetism engineering for monolayer SnS2 by high throughput first-principles calculations

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting tin disulfide (SnS₂) has been widely used for optoelectronic applications. To functionalize SnS₂ for extending its application, we investigate the stability, electronic and magnetic properties of substitutional doping by high throughput first-principles calculations. There are a lot of elements that can be doped in monolayer SnS₂. Nonmetal in group A can introduce p-type and n-type carriers, while most metals in group A can only lead to p-type doping. Not only 3d, but also 4d and 5d transition metals in groups VB to VⅢB9 can introduce magnetism in SnS₂, which is potentially applicable for spintronics. This study provides a comprehensive view of functionalization of SnS₂ by substitutional doping, which will guide further experimental realization.     

基于光子集成芯片的可穿戴光纤光栅解调研究

为了实现光纤光栅传感器在可穿戴系统中的应用,提出了一种基于硅基光子集成芯片的可穿戴光纤光栅传感解调系统。基于比利时iSiPP50G工艺的光子集成芯片由4×1长波长VCSEL阵列、1×8阵列波导光栅、2×2 MMI耦合器、4×1光纤光栅耦合器阵列、Ge-on-Si波导光电探测器、直波导和弯曲波导等组成。在完成对VCSEL光源金线键合和光子集成芯片光纤耦合封装的基础上,设计了手环式解调电路,对人体温度和心音信号进行了实时测量。实验结果表明:解调系统的动态波长检测范围为1 540 nm～1 560 nm,波长分辨率为0.08 pm,解调精度为5 pm,温度监测范围为35℃～42℃,误差为±0.1℃;可检测50 Hz～100 Hz频率范围内的心音信号,可识别出第一心音和第二心音,并计算出心动周期、心率、第一心音时限、第二心音时限和心力等特征参数。     

用穆斯堡尔效应研究煤灰熔聚物中的含铁相

用穆斯堡尔效应研究了煤灰在不同气氛和温度下的熔聚物的含铁相。在氧化气氛下,灰熔聚物的穆斯堡尔谱很简单,它显示有赤铁矿和Fe~(3+)玻璃体。在还原气氛下则较为复杂。随温度升高,铁磁矿物、堇青石消失,铁橄榄石减少,同时生成了Fe~(2+)玻璃体和铁铝尖晶石。     

两种新型丁二炔衍生物的合成

以3,5-二溴-1-｛3-（十二烷氧基）-2-［（十二烷氧基）甲基］丙氧基｝苯和2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇为原料,经选择性Sonogashira偶联反应,Sonogashira偶联反应和去硅保护基反应制得中间体--3-乙炔基-5-（3-甲基-3-羟基)-丁炔基-1-（3-十二烷氧基）-2-｛［（十二烷氧基）甲基］丙氧基｝苯（6）; 6经改良的Glaser偶联反应(CuI为催化剂,Et₃N为溶剂)合成了一个新型的丁二炔衍生物（1）。 6与2,2′-［（2,5-二碘-1,4-亚苯基）双（氧基）］双（四氢-2H-吡喃）经Sonogashira偶联,脱 THP保护基和改良的Glaser偶联反应合成了一个新型的丁二炔衍生物（2）。中间体,1和2的结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MALDI-TOF-MS表征。     

纤维沥青混凝土FRA黏弹性预测模型

纤维沥青混凝土FRA(Fiber reinforced asphalt concrete)的力学行为取决于沥青混合料和纤维的物理属性及几何特征。通过三参数固体模型,考虑纤维的几何特性,构造了一种预测FRA黏弹性行为模型,推导出该模型的本构方程、蠕变柔量和松弛模量表达式。采用该模型研究了纤维体积分、比半径和弹性模量等对FRA松弛模量和蠕变柔量的影响。结果表明,纤维掺入量和比半径对FRA的松弛模量和蠕变柔量影响较大,而弹性模量影响较小。通过试验,验证了FRA预测模型具有较高的精度。在研究试验范围内,SMA-13沥青混凝土的聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN)最佳掺入量和长径比分别为0.3%～0.4%和600～900。     

压力面气膜冷却射流端壁效应研究

本文将燃气轮机透平叶片压力面气膜冷却射流对端壁气膜冷却的影响作为研究对象,实验件表面绝热壁面气膜有效度通过压力敏感漆(Pressure Sensitive Paint)技术进行测量,在不同压力面和端壁气膜冷却吹风比条件下获得了端壁表面气膜有效度分布.实验结果表明压力面气膜冷却射流与端壁气膜冷却射流间存在相互干扰,端壁气膜射流在压力面气膜射流的影响下会出现明显偏移和再分布,尤其是端壁下游的气膜覆盖特性对压力面射流极为敏感.同时本文也定量分析了压力面射流的端壁效应,对当地气膜有效度分布进行了多个位置的对比和分析.