LED梯度折射率封装结构的蒙特卡罗模拟

针对封装胶中掺杂纳米颗粒以及采用梯度折射率的LED封装模式,用蒙特卡罗方法模拟光在胶体中的传播,分析散射系数对透光率的影响.结果表明,透光率随散射系数增大而减小.对于固定的封装层数,各层均采取最佳折射率值时,透光率可以达到最大.梯度折射率值逐渐减小的多层纳米掺杂封装结构,透光率高于传统的封装模式,能够提高LED的出光效率.     

The geometry structures and electronic properties of Li_mB_n(m+n=12) clusters

The geometric structures, electronic properties, total and binding energies, harmonic frequencies, the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps, and the vertical ionization potential energies of small LimBn （m＋ n = 12） clusters were investigated by the density functional theory B3LYP with a 6-31 I＋G （2d, 2p） basis set. All the calculations were performed using the Gaussian09 program. For the study of the LimBn clusters, the global minimum of the B 12 cluster was chosen as the starting point and the boron atoms were gradually replaced by Li atoms. The results showed that as the number of Li atoms increased, the stability of the LimBn cluster decreased and the physical and chemical properties became more active. In addition, on average there was a large charge transfer from the Li atoms to the B atoms.     

分组全连接的近红外光谱定量分析网络

全连接网络作为深度学习中的一种典型结构,几乎在所有神经网络模型中均有出现。在近红外光谱定量分析中,光谱数据样本数量较少,但每个样本的维度高。导致了两个问题：将光谱直接输入网络,网络的参数量会十分庞大,训练模型需要更多的样本,否则模型容易进入过拟合状态;在输入网络前对光谱进行降维,虽解决了网络参数量过大的问题,但会丢失一部分信息,无法充分发挥网络的学习能力。针对近红外光谱的特性,提出了一种分组全连接的近红外光谱定量分析网络GFCN。该网络在传统的两层全连接网络的基础上,用若干个小的全连接层替代第一个全连接层,克服了直接输入光谱导致网络参数量过大的缺点。采用Tecator和IDRC2018数据集对该方法进行测试,同时与全连接网络FCN和偏最小二乘PLS两种方法进行对比。结果显示：在两个数据集上,GFCN预测效果均优于FCN和PLS。在只有少量样本参与建模的情况下,GFCN依然能够保持较高的预测效果。表明,GFCN可以用于近红外光谱的定量分析,并且适应样本较少的场景,具有重要的研究价值和广泛的应用场景。     

利用Tracker软件改进拉伸法测金属丝的杨氏模量实验

对拉伸法测金属丝杨氏模量实验进行了改进.针对传统的激光杠杆法实验中,激光光斑大、读数误差大的缺点,利用Tracker软件对激光杠杆法测杨氏模量中反射光斑的轨迹追踪,从而实现对杨氏模量的精确测量.结果表明,利用Tracker软件改进拉伸法测金属丝的杨氏模量实验,不仅能够提高测量精确,还能激发大学生的探索精神,培养大学生的创新意识.     

Experimental study on laser cleaning of paint layer on white marble surface北大核心CSCD

In order to effectively remove the surface paint of the cultural relic of white marble, the area extrapolation method and laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) method were used to obtain the ablation threshold power of the gold, silver paint layer and white marble surface. On the basis of this, the optimal laser power for removing paint without damaging the white marble substrate was determined. The image processing method was used to study the cleaning degree and variation trend of cleaning rate of the gold and silver paint on the surface of 10 mm×10 mm white marble by laser cleaning, and the optimal laser spot overlap rate and the optimal cleaning times were obtained. Finally, the image processing method was used to evaluate the cleaning effect of laser cleaning of paint layer on the white marble surface. More than 93% of the cleaning degree shows that the synergistic use of the area extrapolation method, LIPS method and image processing method can effectively improve the laser cleaning efficiency of the paint layer on white marble surface. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Topological superconductivity in Janus monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

The Janus monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) $MXY$ ($M={\rm Mo}$, W, $etc$. and $X, Y={\rm S}$, Se, $etc$.) have been successfully synthesized in recent years. The Rashba spin splitting in these compounds arises due to the breaking of out-of-plane mirror symmetry. Here we study the pairing symmetry of superconducting Janus monolayer TMDs within the weak-coupling framework near critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$, of which the Fermi surface (FS) sheets centered around both $ărGamma$ and $K (K')$ points. We find that the strong Rashba splitting produces two kinds of topological superconducting states which differ from that in its parent compounds. More specifically, at relatively high chemical potentials, we obtain a time-reversal invariant $s + f + p$-wave mixed superconducting state, which is fully gapped and topologically nontrivial, $i.e.$, a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological state. On the other hand, a time-reversal symmetry breaking $d + p + f$-wave superconducting state appears at lower chemical potentials. This state possess a large Chern number $|C|=6$ at appropriate pairing strength, demonstrating its nontrivial band topology. Our results suggest the Janus monolayer TMDs to be a promising candidate for the intrinsic helical and chiral topological superconductors.     

磷酸钇共沉淀分离富集硫酸钴中痕量铁及铁的原子吸收光谱测定

共沉淀预浓集是原子光谱分析中有效的样品前处理技术之一，是提高原子吸收光谱测定灵敏度和选择性的有效手段。YPO4作为一种新型共沉淀捕集剂，最先由日本化学家Shigehiro Kagaya等提出，能够在弱酸性条件下对Pb、Fe选择性共沉淀，并且结构紧密，便于离心分离。根据这一特性，本实验采用YPO4共沉淀分离富集过渡金属盐CoSO4溶液中的痕量Fe^3 而后采用火焰原子吸收光谱测定的方法。     

电镜超薄切片产生颤痕的原因之一

电镜超薄切片颤痕是由于在切片过程中刀与样品块之间发生高频颤动在切片上留下的痕迹,在电镜下观察呈平行于刀刃的带状条纹。颤痕产生的原因,可能由超薄切片机本身的振动、切片过程中由于切速不当及进刀量过大、玻璃刀的质量不好或包埋块软硬不一致引起。     

在测定锆中铪时光谱背景的影响及其扣除

在锆中铪光谱分析中,背景严重地影响分析结果,特别是在低含量部分引起极大的误差,通常要进行扣除。本文以锆中铪分析为例,讨论背景的影响及其扣除方法。背景的影响由定量分析基本公式可知,lgR=lgI_L/(I_(L′))=blgc+lga…(1)。式中I_L与I_(L′)分别为分析线(铪)和内标线(锆)强度,c为分析元素(铪)含量,a,b为与试验对象和条件有关的常数。当I_L上有背景(I_B)迭加时,测得迭加有背景的分析线强度I_(L+B)=I_L+I_B;当I_(L′)上有背景(I_(B′)迭加时,测得迭加有背景的内标线强度I_(L+B′)=I_(L′)+I_(B′)。经计算简化得:     

单粒子束精确定位照射装置在CR-39膜上刻蚀中国地图边界研究

采用自编写的图像处理程序把中国地图处理成为边界点阵图，并根据点阵图每点的坐标位置，利用中国第1台单粒子束精确定位照射装置提供的单质子束在CR-39膜上几百μm×几百μm的范围内辐照并刻蚀出中国地图边界. 研究表明，该单粒子束精确定位照射装置计数准确(98%)，定位精确(平均误差小于3 μm)，辐照路径算法选择合理(近邻法)，预测值和实测值吻合程度高，可以满足刻蚀CR-39膜微图像和生物细胞辐照实验的要求.