动态柱形空穴膨胀模型及其在侵彻问题中的应用

 在侵彻问题中的应用进行了研究。通过采用相似变换求解塑性区控制方程，获得了动态柱形空穴膨胀中的弹塑性界面速度、径向应力分布、空穴表面应力的解。基于柱形空穴模型，推导了侵彻方程，并将其得到的预测结果与侵彻实验数据进行了比较。结果表明，模型的理论解与现有数据吻合得很好。 结果还显示了材料的可压缩性和塑性强化模量对柱形空穴膨胀以及侵彻阻力的影响。     

卵形钢弹对铝合金靶板侵彻问题的数值模拟

 基于球形空穴膨胀理论（SCE），采用ABAQUS有限元商业软件并结合其子程序的二次开发功能对钢弹侵彻金属靶进行3D有限元数值模拟。根据空穴膨胀理论，靶体对侵彻弹体的影响可以用一个作用在弹体表面的力函数代替，这样在进行数值模拟时就无须划分靶体网格，也避免了复杂的接触问题，从而使模拟大大简化。模拟所用卵形弹为VAR 4340钢弹，靶体为6061-T6511铝合金。模拟过程中考虑到弹体的可变形性和入射时的微小偏航角等实际情况，并且考虑到了弹身在运动过程中和靶体的接触分离效应。所得模拟结果与文献中的实验结果进行了比较，发现模拟结果与实验结果吻合得很好，并得到了一些有意义的推论。     

侵彻环境下两种钨合金的细观响应特性

本文实验发现具有较大密度和较高速度的93W钨合金长杆模拟弹的穿靶深度反而比密度较小，速度较低的90W钨合金长杆弹的穿靶深度小．针对这一现象，本文从两种材料在侵彻环境下的细观响应特性的差异上给出了有实验根据的合理分析，结论是90W在侵彻环境下较易于形成绝热剪切带，从而在弹头部发生“自锐化”效应所致．     

Emission of molecular fragments synthesized in hypervelocity nanoparticle impacts

We report on experiments with Au_n nanoparticles (100 ≤ n ≤ 400) at velocities of 10–60 km/s. They are implanted virtually intact via hydrodynamic penetration. The products of the extreme pressure transient are observed by mass analyzing the ionized ejecta. Targets of labeled molecules (¹³C-, ¹⁵N-glycine) reveal fragmentation–recombination processes, producing CN⁻ and OCN⁻ with high efficiency (45%). This value is over two orders of magnitude larger than that obtained with atomic and small cluster projectiles. The experiments could simulate collisions of nanosized dust particles in interstellar space.     

An experimental study on the keyhole shapes in laser deep penetration welding

In this paper, the laser spot diameter and its intensity distribution are measured with a scanning pinhole, and the keyhole shapes are observed using a specially designed setup in laser deep penetration welding of glass GG17. Based on the above experimental results, the effects of the following factors on the keyhole shapes are studied: the laser spot diameter and its intensity distribution, defocus, welding speed and inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption of the plasma.     

Computer simulation of back sputtering and ion penetration into polycrystalline targets

Pramana - In the present work computer simultations of the back sputtering of low energy neon ions with low impact parameter and the penetration of the same for higher values of the impact...     

Action de l'AMP-c sur les monocouches mixtes de céphaéline-albumine d'œuf

Résumé En vue de vérifier si l'AMP-cyclique produit une action expansive lorsqu'il agit sur les monocouches de lipoprotéines mixtes ces monocouches insolubles ont été préparées avec de la céphaéline et de l'albumine dóeuf.Ces monocouches ont montré une bonne miscibilité entre les deux composants, et seules de faibles actions réciproques ont été observées.La pénétration de l'AMP-cyclique dans ces monocouches mixtes produit un effet expansif appréciable, son action atteignant le niveau maximal lorsque la concentration de l'AMP-cyclique dans la sous-phase est de 10^–6 M (concentration normale de la cellule).Un effet similaire sur les membranes mixtes de lipoprotéines de la paroi cellulaire est attribué a l'AMP-cyclique.

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With a view to checking whether cyclic-AMP produces an expansive action when acting on mixed lipoprotein monolayers, such insoluble monolayers were prepared with cephalin and egg albumin. These layers showed a good miscibility between the two components, with only weak interactions being observed.The penetration of cyclic-AMP in these mixed monolayers produces an appreciable expansive effect, its action reaching a maximum level when the cyclic-AMP concentration in the subphase is 10^–6 M (standard cell concentration).A similar effect on the lipoprotein mixed membranes of the cell wall is attributed to cyclic-AMP.

Directeur du Département: Prof. Dr. Serafín Garcia Fernández     

Magnetic measurement of transport AC losses in Bi-2223/Ag tapes

Magnetic nature of the losses in superconducting wire carrying AC current implies that it should be possible to determine these losses in a contactless way. Ribbon-like samples are quite favorable for such an experiment, because a notable portion of magnetic flux related to losses ‘escapes' the sample volume and can be detected by an appropriate pick-up coil. In this case, a model describing the AC current penetration into the tape, based, e.g., on the critical state model, allows one to derive the losses from the pick-up coil signal. Because this signal is proportional to the number of coil turns, extension of the accessible range of measured voltages (and losses) can be achieved. We demonstrate the data obtained on a 1 cm long portion of a low-loss multifilamentary tape carrying AC current with frequency 35 Hz. The pick-up coil technique allowed us to reach loss level more than one order below the experimental limit for direct measurements.     

Carbon–epoxy composites based on fibers coated with nylon 6,6: hygrothermal ageing versus interlaminar shear strength

Carbon fibers were coated in situ with a thin film of polyhexamethylene adipamide by an interfacial polycondensation technique. The modified fibers were used for the preparation of epoxy-based unidirectional composites. Specimens of these materials were immersed in water until equilibrium conditions were attained. The weight gain at equilibrium was determined as a function of the immersion temperature, the fiber volume fraction and the polyamide content deposited on the fibers. Water penetration in specimens made with uncoated carbon fibers increases when the volume fraction decreases. Introduction of the polyamide interlayer initially increases the water absorption, but reduces it at higher immersion temperatures and/or higher polyamide contents. The treated specimens were subjected to the short beam test to determine the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). The data show that the ILSS decreases with water penetration but increases when the immersion temperature increases from 40 to 70°C. The overall performance encountered is discussed in terms of the possible roles of the polyamide interphase while taking into account mechanisms concerned with matrix plasticization, interphase degradation and residual stress relaxation.