混合基质水处理膜:材料、制备与性能

以反渗透、纳滤为代表的膜技术已广泛应用于海水和苦咸水脱盐等水处理过程。通过将纳米颗粒添加到传统复合膜基质中,可以制备具有高分离性能和耐污染性的新型膜材料。混合基质膜结合了无机材料及有机聚合物各自的优点,是新型水处理膜材料的发展方向。本文综述了添加无机纳米颗粒的混合基质反渗透、纳滤及正渗透膜的研究进展,详细讨论了不同类型纳米材料的性质和功能,分析了表面有机改性对改善纳米材料分散性以及与聚合物基质相容性的作用,探讨了纳米材料添加方式和膜制备方法对膜结构和性能的影响。在此基础上,进一步探究了混合基质膜的成膜及分离机理,归纳了目前研究中存在的主要问题,并对未来水处理膜材料的研发方向提出了建议。     

All Pure Two-Qudit Entangled States Generated via a Universal Yang-Baxter Matrix Assisted by Local Unitary Transformations

We show that all pure entangled states of two d-dimensional quantum systems （i.e., two qudits） can be generated from an initial separable state via a universal Yang-Baxter matrix if one is assisted by local unitary transformations.     

Buckling Analysis of Soft Nanostructure in Nanoimprinting

Nanoimprint lithography is an economical and convenient method for manufacturing nanostructures, which has developed very quickly and has been widely used in the nanoindustry. However, during the process of nanoimprinting, mechanical instabilities of soft nanostructures could lead to buckling. In order to study the mechanism of this problem, we analyze the buckling of one vertical elastic column under its own weight. Based on the comparison between two critical heights of different substrates （rigid and elastic）, we conclude that the approximation of considering the substrate as rigid is acceptable. Furthermore the interaction between columns with the deformation of a substrate could lead to collective buckling. Our theoretical
calculations show that whether the columns are elastic or rigid makes little difference for the buckling modes.     

Expression and Emmprin Regulated Function of Aquaporinl in SMMC7221 Cells

<正>Herein lie the crosstalk and regulation between AQP1 and Emmprin in SMMC7221 cells by means of siRNA technology and deglycosylation method.Firstly,HAQP1,rather than hAQP3,was selectively upregulated in SMMC7221 cells by FBS,flollowed by the upregulated expression of Emmprin.Emmprin gene silencing caused a remarkable change in the expression of AQP1 gene,just like its downstream gene,MMP9,meanwhile the water permeability and cell migration were also descended prominently.Furthermore,when treated with tunicamycin, Emmprin was deglycosylated,which made the expression of AQP1 significantly declined,followed by remarkably decreased cell membrane water permeability and cell migration.Taken together,all the data indicates the expression level and the modification of Emmprin by glycosylation are the key factors in regulating the expression of AQP1.     

倍半氧化物晶体及其1～3μm波段激光性能研究进展

倍半氧化物具有优异的热学性能、稳定的物化性能、低的最大声子能量和强的晶体场，是理想的高功率、大能量激光基质材料。倍半氧化物具有超高熔点，因此其高质量、大尺寸的晶体制备极其困难，研究人员对此进行了长期的研究探索。近年激光技术发展对高品质倍半氧化物单晶的迫切需求促使相关晶体的生长技术取得了突破。本文在简单介绍倍半氧化物性能与结构的基础上，详细综述了Lu₂O₃、Sc₂O₃、Y₂O₃倍半氧化物晶体的生长方法及缺陷种类，系统总结了稀土离子掺杂的倍半氧化物在1～3μm波段内的激光性能，最后对其未来的研究与发展方向进行了展望。     

Dy3+掺杂Gd2MgTiO6白色荧光粉的制备及发光性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出掺杂不同Dy³⁺浓度的系列Gd₂MgTiO₆(GMT)白色荧光粉。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、荧光光谱仪对GMT∶xDy³⁺(x=0.01、0.03、0.05、0.07、0.09、0.11)样品进行表征。研究结果表明：所制备的系列荧光粉的结构均为单斜晶系，Dy³⁺成功掺入GMT基质的同时不影响原晶体结构；样品晶粒尺寸在微米量级。在351 nm的近紫外光激发下，样品在483和578 nm处分别显示了极强的蓝光和黄光，其中蓝光归因于Dy³⁺的⁴F_9/2→⁶H_15/2的能级跃迁，黄光归因于Dy³⁺的⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2能级跃迁；随着Dy³⁺浓度的不断增加，出现明显的浓度猝灭现象，其机理归因于电偶...     

Preparation and study of photoswitchable fluorescence nanoparticles based on spirobenzopyran

The preparation and performance characterization of〈50 nm spirobenzopyran-based photochromic nanocomposites with photoswitchable fluorescence are presented.The nanocomposites were fabricated by means of a modifed miniemulsion polymerization process,in which the hydrophobic spirobenzopyran was covalently attached to the polymer chains and the matched fluorescent dyes were noncovalently embedded in the nanoscale cross-linked polymeric matrix,respectively.The obtained nanocomposites with a high relative fluorescence quantum yield（Q）exhibited superior fluorescent photoswitchable performance due to the effective photo-induced intermolecular energy transfer.The stability of photomerocyanine was also improved.     

固相萃取净化-气相色谱法测定食用菌及其栽培基质中26种多溴联苯醚

建立了食用菌及其栽培基质中26种多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的检测方法。考察了不同提取溶剂,不同净化材料,不同仪器条件对检测结果的影响,确立了乙腈提取,盐析分层,乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）复合去活化硅胶固相萃取柱净化,气相色谱-电子捕获器（GC-ECD）分析,外标法定量的检测方法。方法的线性相关系数大于0.996,检出限为0.02～0.06μg/kg,定量限为0.06～0.2μg/kg,方法加标回收率在72.5%～119.2%之间,相对标准偏差在2.2%～14%之间。     

质谱分子成像技术与应用进展

该文总结了二次离子质谱、基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱和常压敞开式离子化质谱三大类型质谱分子成像（MSI）技术的概况、技术与方法及其应用新进展。MSI技术作为免标记、高覆盖、高灵敏、检测范围广的可视化分析手段,不局限于生物组织或细胞中某种特定分子的检测,可对已知和未知多种分子进行同时成像分析,获得不同分子的空间分布、相对含量及结构信息,实现其分子的定性、定量与定位分析;还可提供不同生理及病理过程中功能分子的动态时空变化信息等。因此,MSI技术成为质谱领域以及分析化学等领域的研究前沿与热点方向之一,并在化学、医学、生命科学、药学和环境科学等领域显示出重大应用前景。此外,MSI技术是单细胞可视化分析和空间分辨代谢组学的强有力分析手段,可从动物或器官组织的整体、微区、单细胞等不同空间尺度,获取具有空间分布特征、时空动态变化的功能分子全景轮廓信息等而备受关注。