Broadband and high efficiency terahertz metasurfaces for anomalous refraction and vortex beam generation

The applications of metasurfaces are currently a highly active research field due to their extraordinary ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves. The ultra-thin characteristics of metasurfaces allow the miniaturization and integration of metasurface devices. However, these devices work typically under a low efficiency and narrow bandwidth condition. In this work, we design eight multilayered unit cells with similar amplitudes and a phase interval of π/4, which convert the polarization states of the terahertz (THz) waves between two orthogonal directions. The average cross-polarized transmission amplitudes of these cells are all around 0.9 in an ultra-broad frequency range from 0.5 THz to 1.4 THz. Furthermore, unit cells are used to construct both an ultra-thin anomalous refraction metalens and a vortex phase plate. Our simulation results show that the anomalous refraction for the transmitted linear polarization component is comparable to the theoretical prediction, and the maximum error is determined to be below 4.8%. The vortex phase plate can also generate an ideal terahertz vortex beam with a mode purity of 90% and more. The distributions of longitudinal electric field, intensity, and phase illustrate that the generated vortex beam has excellent propagation characteristics and a weak divergence. Simulations of the two types of metasurface devices, based on the eight unit cells, exhibit very high efficiencies in a wide bandwidth. Our research will assist in the improvement in the practical applications of metasurfaces. It also provides a reference for the design of high efficiency and broadband devices that are applied to other frequency ranges.     

Realization of Fast All-Microwave Controlled-Z Gates with a Tunable Coupler

The development of high-fidelity two-qubit quantum gates is essential for digital quantum computing. Here,we propose and realize an all-microwave parametric controlled-Z(CZ) gates by coupling strength modulation in a superconducting Transmon qubit system with tunable couplers. After optimizing the design of the tunable coupler together with the control pulse numerically, we experimentally realized a 100 ns CZ gate with high fidelity of 99.38%±0.34% and the control error being 0.1%. We note that ...     

数学竞赛中条件最值的求法

函数的条件最值问题,一般来说难度比较大,且解法比较灵活,因而是竞赛命题的热点之一．本文将其解法介绍如下．     

核磁共振法研究DTPA-BIN稀土配合物的溶液结构

用核磁共振方法研究了抗磁稀土配合物Ln(DTPA-BIN)(Ln=La,Y,Lu,Sc）的水溶液结构。^1H和^13C NMR谱的谱形特征表明,每一种配合物在水溶液中存在着两种以上不对称的异构体,异构体之间的差别较小。并由Y^3 与Gd^3 离子半径的相似性推测出Gd(DTPA-BIN）的溶液结构。即DTPA－BIN分子提供8个配位点：3个骨架氮、3个乙羧基氧及2个酰胺氧,1个水分占据另一个配位点,从而与Gd^3 形成了九配位结构。溶液结构随中心金属离子半径不同而呈规律性变化。     

从铁状态的变化研究球性活性炭中孔形成的机理

利用穆斯堡尔谱、透射电子显微镜等表征手段研究了添加二茂铁后酚醛树脂基球形活性炭中孔形成的机理。结果表明,添加到酚醛树脂中的二茂铁在炭化阶段被还原为单质铁。单质铁对炭－反应有催化气化作用。在活化阶段,铁粒子周围的炭基体与水蒸汽的活化反应速率快,被刻蚀掉更多的炭,所以在其周围形成中孔。     

A kind of carbon whiskers in new structure and morphology

Carbon whiskers with new structure and morphology were observed when heating the milled graphite. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) show that carbon layers are almost perpendicular to the growth axes of carbon whiskers. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) indicates that there are spirals appearing on the surface of the whiskers. The structure analysis shows that the growth mechanism of carbon whiskers is related to the trace amount of ZrC in the heated samples.     

第一过渡金属酞菁分子的电子结构的第一性原理计算

对第一过渡金属酞菁化合物(Metal Phthalocyanine,MPc,M=Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni和Cu)的电子结构和基本物理化学性质进行了第一性原理计算.理论模拟出来的STM图像表现出亚分子结构,与已有的实验观察结果相当吻合,且跟金属原子的d电子组态明显有关.在小偏压条件下,第一过渡金属首尾端ScPc,NiPc和CuPc分子的中央金属离子在STM图像表现为空洞,其他所有金属酞菁分子的中央金属离子均为亮斑.同时还研究了ScPc和NiPc分子的STM图像与偏压的关系,当针尖偏压分别 关键词： STM图像模拟 金属酞菁 电子结构     

碱金属醇盐甲醇羰基化催化剂活性研究

利用红外、气相色谱、色谱－质谱联用方法对甲醇羰基化反应过程中甲醇钾和甲醇钠催化剂的失活情况进行了研究。结果表明：在本研究条件下,甲醇钠（甲醇钾）催化剂活性在保持一段时间的稳定后,随反应时间的继续延长逐渐降低。导致催化剂活性降低的主要原因是甲醇钠（甲醇钾）可以直接与产物甲酸甲酯反应形成甲酸钠（甲酸钾）和二甲醚。甲酸钠对甲醇羰基化反应也具有一定的催化作用,但其活性远远低于甲醇钠。降低瓜在温度可以减缓催     

D+HS反应的含时量子动力学研究

利用含时波包方法对D+HS交换和抽取通道进行量子动力学研究,动力学计算中所采用的势能面由高精度从头算能量点构建.在平动能0.0～2.0 eV区间内计算了反应物初始振转基态时的总反应几率和积分反应截面,并且计算了初始振动激发态对积分反应截面的影响.所有动力学计算均考虑了科里奥利耦合效应.在低平动能时抽取通道在反应中占主导地位,而交换通道在高平动能时占主导地位.在整个所研究的平能能区间内,反应物HS的振动激发对抽取和交换通道反应都有增强作用.     

用三源热共蒸法制备的二十厘米长涂层导体及其显微结构

用真空三源热共蒸发法制备了二十厘米长的涂层导体,其宽度为1厘米, 超导层宽度为0.9 厘米,厚度为600纳米.使用直流四引线法测试,导体在77K时的临界电流大于120安培,相应的临界电流密度大于每平方厘米220万安培.表征电流-电压曲线超导转变陡峭度的n值为35.显微结构观察表明其膜层显微形貌与单晶衬底上的薄膜极其相似.X射线衍射研究表明超导薄膜的相成分纯,面内FWHM为Δφ=6.23°,面外FWHM为Δω=3.84°,表明涂层的优良织构.在此文章将详细报告导体的制备和显微结构及物理测试结果.