QCT方法研究振转激发对H+HS反应的反应截面和产物极化的影响

基于Lv等人最新构建的高精度的最低三重态势能面H2S(3A″),利用准经典轨线(QCT)方法计算了H+HS反应的两个反应通道提取反应和交换反应的动力学性质.主要研究了在反应物HS的碰撞能为0.1-2.0 e V时,不同振转态(v=0-3,j=0-3)对积分反应截面和产物极化的影响.研究结果表明:在总角动量J=0时,QCT方法计算出的动力学结果和吕等人的量子力学(QM)结果符合的很好.因此,对标题反应的动力学性质进行了进一步的研究.     

QCT方法研究振转激发对H+HS反应的反应截面 和产物极化的影响

基于Lv等人最新构建的高精度的最低三重态势能面 ,利用准经典轨线（QCT）方法计算了H+HS反应的两个反应通道提取反应和交换反应的动力学性质。主要研究了在反应物HS的碰撞能为0.1-2.0eV时,不同振转态（v = 0 - 3, j = 0 - 3）对积分反应截面和产物极化的影响。研究结果表明：在总角动量J = 0时,QCT方法计算出的动力学结果和吕等人的量子力学（QM）结果符合的很好。因此,对标题反应的动力学性质进行了进一步的研究。     

碰撞能及反应物振动激发对Ar+H_2~+→ArH~++H反应立体动力学性质的影响

基于我们最近所构建的Ar+H+2→ArH++H(12A′)反应的新势能面,采用准经典轨线法研究了碰撞能分别为0.48,0.77,1.24 eV以及能量为0.48 eV时反应物不同振动态下Ar+H+2→ArH++H反应的立体动力学性质.结果显示在给定的碰撞能情况下,以及当反应物振动量子数由0变到2时计算的积分反应截面与实验值符合得较好.通过比较发现,碰撞能对此反应k-j′关联函数P(θr)分布的影响大于其受振动激发的影响,并且关于k-k′-j′三矢量相关的函数P(?r)分布以及极化微分反应截面对碰撞能较敏感,同时发现振动激发对P(?r)分布和极化微分反应截面也有较大的影响.     

D+DBr反应的态-态动力学研究

在0—2.0 eV的碰撞能范围内采用含时量子波包方法和二阶分裂算符传播子对初始量子态为(v_0=0,j_0=0)的D+DBr反应进行了态分辨理论水平上的动力学计算.计算了抽取反应通道D+DBr→Br+D_2和置换反应通道D'+DBr→D+D'Br的反应概率、积分截面、微分截面、产物的振动和转动分布以及速率常数等动力学性质,并与相应的理论和实验结果进行了比较.结果表明:计算的速率常数与实验结果十分符合.微分截面的结果表明:对于抽取反应,前向的剥离反应机制在反应过程中占据主导地位;对于置换反应,头碰头的反弹机制占据主导地位.     

D+OD+反应的量子动力学研究：交换通道和抽取通道的竞争

基于精确的势能面,研究D+OD⁺反应在0.0～1.0 eV碰撞能范围内的量子动力学. 用CS近似(centrifugal sudden approx-imation)的含时波包方法研究吸热的抽取反应通道(D+OD⁺→ O+D₂⁺)和热中性的交换反应通道(D+OD⁺→D+OD⁺),计算两个通道的反应几率、总积分反应截面和热速率常数. 发现在交换反应的反应路径上存在一个凸起结构. 计算的总角动量J=0时的波包分布的含时演化清楚地表明凸状结构对两个通道的动力学有非常重要的影响.     

用含时波包方法将SVRT模型应用到F+CD4→CD3+DF反应中

为了实现量子动力学含时波包方法对多原子反应体系的研究,采用美国纽约大学张增辉教授提出的一个半刚性振转子的模型,对F+CD4反应及其同位素反应物反应在MJ1势能面上进行了含时波包动力学的研究.所用到的势能面的反应势垒66meV.实验和理论研究表明在反应中C-D键不影响反应碰撞,它只是一个旁观者.对C-D键作为常数处理使得计算大大简化了.计算了给定初始态的这些反应的积分反应截面和速率常数.从得到的数值结果可以看出,积分截面随着碰撞能有一个很大的起伏,这一般来讲是与动力学振荡有关系.速率常数同已有的理论以及实验结果进行了比较,得到了比较合理的结论.     

基于全维高精度势能面对H+SO_2→OH+SO反应的动力学研究（英文）

H+SO_2→OH+SO反应在燃烧、大气和星际化学中都扮演着重要角色.它还是具有深势阱中间体形成的典型反应,是检验速率理论和提供有趣反应动力学现象的理想候选反应.基于之前构建的全维高精度势能面,本文对该反应进行了准经典动力学研究.在1400 K≤T≤2200 K的温度范围内,计算值重现了实验速率常数.当反应物SO_2处于振-转基态,在31.0～40.0 kcal/mol的碰撞能范围内,计算得到的积分反应截面随碰撞能增加;在40.0～55.0 kcal/mol的碰撞能范围内,积分反应截面几乎不受碰撞能影响.产物角度分布呈现对称的前后向双峰结构.本文还分析了产物OH和SO的振动态分布.     

基于全维高精度势能面对H+SO2→OH+SO反应的动力学研究

H+SO₂→OH+SO反应在燃烧、大气和星际化学中都扮演着重要角色. 它还是具有深势阱中间体形成的典型反应,是检验速率理论和提供有趣反应动力学现象的理想候选反应. 基于之前构建的全维高精度势能面,本文对该反应进行了准经典动力学研究. 在1400 K≤T≤2200 K的温度范围内,计算值重现了实验速率常数. 当反应物SO₂处于振-转基态,在31.0∽40.0 kcal/mol的碰撞能范围内,计算得到的积分反应截面随碰撞能增加;在40∽55 kcal/mol的碰撞能范围内,积分反应截面几乎不受碰撞能影响. 产物角度分布呈现对称的前后向双峰结构. 本文还分析了产物OH和SO的振动态分布.     

H+Li2: 一个典型的释能反应体系及其含时动力学研究

利用含时量子波包动力学理论在HLi₂ 基态势能面上研究了H+Li₂ → LiH+Li 反应的动力学性质. 计算得到了体系在0-0.4 eV 范围内J = 0 不同振动量子数(v = 0, 1, 2, 3), v = 0 不同转动量子数(J = 0, 5, 10,15) 下的反应概率、积分反应截面和热速率常数, 在此基础上讨论了释能反应的反应阈能随总角动量量子数的变化规律以及振动量子数对反应概率的影响等问题. 研究发现, 随着转动量子数的增大, 反应阈能也在逐渐增大; 然而随着振动量子数的增大, 由于反应为释能反应, 反应发生的概率却在逐渐减小. 分析了碰撞能对积分散射截面的影响以及温度对反应速率常数影响的规律.     

低碰撞能下H+HF(v=3,j=0)反应的量子动力学研究

报道了H原子和振动激发的HF(v=3,j=0)分子在低碰撞能下的量子反应动力学研究.计算结果表明:在低碰撞能下,散射主要以非反应过程为主;振动激发有利于反应的进行;在小于10-4eV碰撞能下,非反应非弹性散射截面和反应截面的比值约为3.在反应截面上发现了Feshbach共振现象,证实是由反应通道上紧邻反应势垒的H…HF(v=3,j=1～3)的范德瓦尔斯聚合体存在的准束缚态所形成.     

The dominant “heating” mode: bending excitation of water molecules by low-energy positron impact

We report a quantum dynamical treatment of the vibrational excitation of the bending mode of water molecules by collision with low energy positrons in the energy regions close to threshold openings. The exact vibrationally coupled-channel equations derived for the total e+-H2O system are solved in a Body-Fixed-Vibrational-Coupled-Channels (BF-VCC) reference frame, using a single-center expansion of the total wavefunction and of the interaction potential. The vibrationally inelastic cross-sections for transitions from the ground to the lowest excited state of the bending mode clearly show the bending excitation channel to be the dominant inelastic process at low collision energies. Comparisons with our earlier calculations for the other modes and for the excited processes induced by electron impact are also presented and analysed.     

Cross section for the H+H2O abstraction reaction: experiment and theory

The absolute value of the cross section for the abstraction reaction between fast H atoms and H2O has been determined experimentally at a mean collision energy of 2.46 eV. The OH population distribution at the same mean energy has also been determined. The new measurements are compared with state-of-the-art quantum mechanical and quasiclassical scattering calculations on the most recently developed potential energy surface.     

O~++H_2→OH~++H反应的动力学研究

采用含时量子波包方法结合二阶分裂算符传播子对初始态为(v=0, j=0)的O~++H_2→OH~++H反应体系在0.01—1.00 eV的碰撞能范围内进行了态分辨理论水平上的动力学计算.对反应概率、积分截面、微分截面以及固定初始态的热速率常数等动力学信息进行了计算并与文献报道的实验和理论结果进行了比较.结果表明本文的理论结果与实验结果十分符合.从微分截面的散射信息可知,在低碰撞能范围内,插入反应机制在反应中占据主导地位.随着碰撞能的增加,反应机制逐渐由插入机制变为抽取反应机制.     

The characteristics of O＋HD （v = 0, j = 0） reaction dynamics

The analytical potential energy function of HDO is constructed at first using the many-body expansion method.The reaction dynamics of O+HD(v = 0,j = 0) in five product channels are all studied by quasi-classical trajectory(QCT) method.The results show that the long-lived complex compound HDO is the dominant product at low collision energy.With increasing collision energy,O+HD → OH+D and O+HD → OD+H exchange reactions will occur with remarkable characteristics,such as near threshold energies,different reaction probabilities,and different reaction cross sections,implying the isotopic effect between H and D.With further increasing collision energy(e.g.,up to 502.08 kJ/mol),O+HD → O+H+D will occur and induce the complete dissociation into single O,H,and D atoms.     

Atmospheric fate of diketones and OH radical–kinetics,reaction force,ETS-NOCV analysis

In this work, we have focused on the atmospheric reaction chemistry of two α-diketones 2,3-Pentanedione (2,3-PTD) and 2,3-hexanedione (2,3-HEX) with OH radical. The full reaction pathway was studied theoretically under H-atom abstraction reaction using density functional theory and wave-function-based MP2 calculations. Single-point energy calculations were performed at CCSD(T) level of theory with 6–31+G(d,p) basis set. The H-atom abstraction from –CH₂ group is the most dominant channel in both 2,3-PTD and 2,3-HEX with OH radical. The fate of secondary reactions of peroxy and alkoxy radical is studied in detail. The reaction force analysis shows that abstraction process is dominated by structural rearrangement than electronic reordering. The ETS-NOCV-based reaction scheme is studied in order to find out the pair wise interaction energy of the chemical bonding. The ETS-NOCV method for all the transition states shows π-bonding nature for the bond breaking (C–H) and bond formation (O–H) due to the presence of hydrogen bond. The theoretical rate constant value matches well with the experimental rate constant value for both α-diketones. Normal linear Arrhenius behaviour for all the pathways is found in the range of 278–350 K. The short atmospheric lifetime indicates the removal process of diketones with OH radical.     

用准经典轨迹的理论方法研究H+ +H2反应

在新的势能面上,用准经典轨迹的方法对H H2反应体系进行了动力学研究．理论计算的结果发现,这个反应体系的前向和后向的角分布基本是对称的．同时还给出了在不同碰撞能下这个反应体系的转动态的分布情况．在碰撞能的从0．124到1．424 eV时,反应H H2的积分截面是随着碰撞能的增加而逐渐降低的．而且理论计算结果与实验结果也符合的非常好．     

Theoretical study of the hydrogen abstraction reaction of CH3OH with NCO

A direct dynamics method is employed to study the mechanism and kinetics of the hydrogen abstraction reaction of CH₃OH with NCO. The optimized geometries and frequencies of the stationary points and the minimum-energy paths (MEPs) are obtained at the MP2/6-311G(d,p) level. In order to obtain more accurate potential energy surface (PES) information and provide more credible energy data for kinetic calculation, the single-point energies along the MEPs are further computed at QCISD(T)/6-311+G(d,p) and G3MP2 levels. The rate constants for two channels, the methyl-H abstraction channel and hydroxyl-H abstraction channel, are calculated by canonical variational transition state theory (CVT) with small-curvature tunneling (SCT) contributions over the wide temperature region 220–1500?K. The theoretical overall rate constants are in good agreement with the available experimental data. For the title reaction, the methyl-H abstraction channel is dominant, while the hydroxyl-H abstraction channel is negligible over the whole temperature region.     

Study of the total reactive dynamics of the H + DCl reaction within the framework of the quantum approach

The reactive dynamics of the H + DCl reaction was studied by the wave-packet method at an arbitrary total angular momentum. Two reaction channels (exchange and abstraction) are considered. The reaction cross sections calculated depending on collision energies up to 2.5 eV and initial states of the DCl molecule remain unchanged for the rotational levels j ₀ = 0, 1, 4 at a vibrational level v ₀ = 0. The reaction threshold and cross section agree with the known experimental data.     

碱金属团簇碰撞动力学研究

采用距离相关紧密束缚的分子动力学模型 ,研究了钠原子团簇的碰撞动力学行为 .研究得出 ,对Na6(3D) +Na8系统 ,碰撞参数为b =9a0 时 ,对应于深度非弹性碰撞过程 (DIC) ,在b =13a0 时 ,则对应于准弹性碰撞过程 .另外 ,得到碰撞过程中存在转动 ,其能量大小与碰撞能量Eproj/n以及碰撞参数b均有关系 .随着Eproj/n的增大 ,相对转动减小 ;随着b的变化 ,转动能量先增大后减小 .在b =7a0 时转动最大 ,最大转动能量可达总能量的十分之一 .     

DFT study on abstraction reaction mechanism of oh radical with 2‐methoxyphenol

Reaction mechanism of 2‐methoxyphenol (2MP) (guaiacol) with OH radical has been performed using density functional theory methods BH&HLYP and MPW1K method with 6‐311++G(d,p) basis set. Single‐point energy calculations were done using CCSD(T)/6‐311++G(d,p). The theoretical results reveal that the hydrogen abstraction from methoxy group is found to be the dominant reaction channel with an energy barrier of 9.31 kcal/mol. Also, time‐dependent density functional theory calculations have been performed using BH&HLYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory, and the results reveal that the reactions occur in ground state than the excited state. The results of reaction force profile indicate that structural rearrangements are most influential with high percentage than the relaxation process. The calculated theoretical rate constants (12.19 × 10^?11 cm³ molecule^?1 s^?1) are in good agreement with the experimental rate constant. The atmospheric lifetime of 2‐methoxyphenol with respect to OH radicals is 2.27 hours, which implies that OH radical plays an important role in the degradation of 2MP. The Wiberg bond index of the abstraction reaction reveals that the bond order is concerted, partially synchronic. The reactant‐like transition state satisfies Hammond postulate, which eventually results in an exothermic reaction, and the product‐like transition state reveals in endothermic nature.