Reliability of elasto-plastic structure using finite element method

A solution of probabilistic FEM for elastic-plastic materials is presented based on the incremental theory of plasticity and a modified initial stress method. The formulations are deduced through a direct differentiation scheme. Partial differentiation of displacement, stress and the performance function can be iteratively performed with the computation of the mean values of displacement and stress. The presented method enjoys the efficiency of both the perturbation method and the finite difference method, but avoids the approximation during the partial differentiation calculation. In order to improve the efficiency, the adjoint vector method is introduced to calculate the differentiation of stress and displacement with respect to random variables. In addition, a time-saving computational method for reliability index of elastic-plastic materials is suggested based upon the advanced First Order Second Moment (FOSM) and by the usage of Taylor expansion for displacement. The suggested method is also applicable to 3-D cases. The project supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (HKUST 722196E, 6039197E), the National Natural Science Foundation of China(59809003) and the Foundation of University Key Teacher by the Chinese Ministry of Education     

Exact integration of constitutive equations of kinematic hardening materials and its extended applications

In this paper, an exact formula for the integration of the constitutive equations of kinematic hardening material is presented. Its algorithms are simple and clear. For isotropic hardening or mixed hardening material, the formula is still an exact solution for the case of radial loading, and it is an approximate solution with reasonable accuracy for the case of non-radial loading. The computation results show that the procedure proposed in this paper improves both accuracy and efficiency of numerical integration schemes adopted widely in elastic-plastic finite element analysis.     

岩石弹塑性破裂过程的数值模拟研究

分析了对于非均质、非连续且材料参数分布具有分散性和随机性的岩体介质，采用传统有限元法解决其工程问题的局限性．阐述了用岩石力学性质的分布特性来描述岩石材料不均匀性，并用蒙特卡洛模拟方法，将符合Weibull分布规律的材料参数赋予岩体结构中的各个单元体，进而用计算机进行数值模拟的研究方法．应用了在Windows95环境下利用FORTRAN Power Station4．0平台开发的具有可视性的“岩石弹塑性破裂过程分析”软件——REPFPA软件，对典型的岩石试样和巷道模型的弹塑性破裂过程进行数值模拟研究，得到了有价值的实验结果．证明把材料参数随机赋值方法引入到岩土类材料的弹塑性破裂过程分析中去，并用计算机进行数值模拟是研究岩石弹塑性破裂过程的一种有效方法。     

Pulse shaping techniques for testing elastic-plastic materials with a split Hopkinson pressure bar

We present pulse shaping techniques to obtain compressive stress-strain data for elastic-plastic materials with a split Hopkinson pressure bar. The conventional split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus is modified by placing a combination of copper and steel pulse shapers on the impact surface of the incident bar. After impact by the striker bar, the copper-steel pulse shaper deforms plastically and spreads the pulse in the incident bar so that the sample is nearly in dynamic stress equilibrium and has a nearly constant strain rate in the plastic response region. We present analytical models and data that show a broad range of incident strain pulses can be obtained by varying the pulse shaper geometry and striking velocity. For an application, we present compressive stress-strain data for 4340 R_c 43 steel.     

有限弹塑性变形的几何模型

以连续介质力学内变量理论为基础,建立了一个以材料内部微结构变量为底流形。材料外部变形状态为对应纤维的材料状态纤维丛模型,使材料的力学特性与模型的几何性质自然对应起来．在模型上讨论和分析了有限弹塑性变形中变形梯度的Ｌｅｅ和Ｃｌｉｆｔｏｎ的分解和联系,并证明了塑性变形为沿内变量演化在纤维丛的水平空间的运动由此获得了塑性变形随内变量演化的变化方程和塑性速率梯度与内变演化的协调关系．     

THE EXACT SOLUTIONS OF ELASTIC－PLASTIC CRACK LINE FIELD FOR MODE ⅡPLANE STRESS CRACK

ＴＨＥＥＸＡＣＴＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＥＬＡＳＴＩＣ－ＰＬＡＳＴＩＣＣＲＡＣＫＬＩＮＥＦＩＥＬＤＦＯＲＭＯＤＥＩＩＰＬＡＮＥＳＴＲＥＳＳＣＲＡＣＫＹｉＺｈｉｊｉａｎ（易志坚）ＷａｎｇＳｈｉｊｉｅ（王士杰）ＷａｎｇＸｉａｎｇｊｉａｎ（王向坚）（Ｒｅｃｅ...     

含缺口试件疲劳全寿命预测一种建议的方法

传统的研究含缺口构件的疲劳的方法是将疲劳启裂和疲劳裂纹扩展两个过程完全独立起来,用不同的方法来模拟,相互间并没有定量的关系。本文是基于最新发展的多轴疲劳损伤理论,建立了一种适用于各种载荷条件下的疲劳启裂和裂纹扩展的普适方法。根据从弹塑性分析中得到的应力应变,确定疲劳损伤模型,建立能够预测疲劳启裂、裂纹扩展速率和扩展方向的新方法。整个模拟可以分为两步:弹-塑性应力分析得到材料的应力应变分布;再运用一个通用的疲劳准则预测疲劳裂纹启裂和裂纹扩展。通过对1070号钢含缺口试件的疲劳全寿命预测,得到了与实验非常吻合的模拟结果。     

含腐蚀缺陷的管道静力性能试验测试研究

为研究腐蚀缺陷对管道承载力的影响,本文分别进行了含腐蚀缺陷管道在轴压载荷、弯曲载荷以及轴压和弯曲复合载荷作用下的静力失效过程测试。通过不同载荷作用下管道的荷载-位移曲线以及荷载-应变曲线来分析管道的失效模式和失效机理;通过有限元分析结果与试验测试结果验证其准确性。结果表明:腐蚀缺陷使管道在三种不同荷载作用下的极限承载力均有所下降;针对文中所研究的管道及其腐蚀缺陷,在轴压载荷作用下管道承载力下降了18.4%,在弯曲载荷作用下管道承载力下降了20.96%,在轴压和弯曲复合载荷作用下管道承载力下降了13.3%;管道中腐蚀缺陷位置的管壁厚度减小,该位置应变发展迅速,首先进入塑性屈服状态,最终导致该腐蚀位置发生弹塑性屈曲失效。     

可压缩理想塑性体中逐步扩展裂纹顶端的弹塑性场

本文利用理想塑性固体平面应变问题的基本方程,分析了可压缩理想塑性体中逐步扩展裂纹顶端的弹塑性场,得到了关于应力的渐近场,分析了弹性卸载区的演变过程和修正的中心扇形区的发展过程,预示了出现二次塑性区的可能性,弹性可压缩性的影响明显表现在经典的中心扇形区必需加以修正,垂直于板面方向的应力偏量不再为零,而且随着新裂纹面的形成,裂纹前方的均匀应力场和紧连着的修正的中心扇形区的应力偏量将发生变化,这种变化是由于垂直于板面方向的应力偏量发生变化造成的。     

直杆碰撞刚性壁弹塑性动力后屈曲有限元分析

利用显式动力学有限元方法对直杆弹塑性动力后屈曲进行了分析,模拟了直杆轴向碰撞动力屈曲的变形及发展过程。分析中在直杆碰撞端局部临界屈曲长度范围内引入半正弦波形式的初始缺陷,计算结果与文献中的实验数据获得了很好的一致。分析结果表明,随着碰撞过程中所产生的应力波逐渐向前传播,后屈曲变形过程中所呈现的多个半波形式的高阶屈曲模态由初始具有单个半波形式的简单屈曲模态迅速演变而成。分析结果同时也揭示了直杆动力屈曲变形发展的机理,以及轴向应力波和屈曲变形的相互作用规律。