X-射线荧光光谱滤纸片法测定钇、铒、铥、镱、镥的组分

稀土分离过程中常出现仅含有几个稀土元素的中间产物,产物的组分数据对研究稀土元素的分离机理及规律具有重要意义。X-射线荧光光谱法分析稀土元素已有许多报导。溶液法对稀土含量低的试样其荧光强度较低,同时在真空条件下溶液法又比较复杂。然而在研究分离稀土的过程中有时仅有几十mg试样。为此本法选用了试样用量少的薄试样的滤纸片法。薄试样法应用的比较多,六十年代初期已有过推荐和报导。由于稀土元素的离     

人参和五灵脂配伍的无机元素含量测定

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了人参和五灵脂配伍的无机元素含量。结果表明，人参和五灵脂及其合煎液中的铝含量均低于人参单煎液，人参和五灵配伍可减少有害元素铝的溶出；配伍合煎液中钙、硒、钼、钴、镁、铜、锰等有益元素的含量均高于人参单煎液。     

基于头孢他啶测定的CQDs内标型比率荧光探针的构建

以天然生物质蒲公英为碳源,加入乙二胺,通过一步水热法合成氨基化蒲公英碳量子点(DE-CQDs).该DE-CQDs可与罗丹明6G(Rh6G)通过静电吸附作用形成具有特征双发射信号的DE-CQDs/Rh6G复合物.单一激发波长343 nm下,BR缓冲溶液pH 3.0时,复合物DE-CQDs/Rh6G于425 nm和550 ...     

以固态法一步合成的荧光碳点为探针测定人体尿液中阿霉素

以柠檬酸和尿素为碳源和氮源,采用固态法一步合成出量子产率高达23%的荧光碳点。表征结果表明,所合成的荧光碳点为平均粒径为3~4 nm的球形,表面富含羟基、羧基和胺基等基团。此外,碳点的XRD谱图显示出无定型碳的特征峰。以所制备的碳点为荧光探针,基于碳点和阿霉素之间的共振能量转移而猝灭碳点的荧光,建立了阿霉素定量分析新方法。实验中考察了溶液的pH值和孵化时间的影响。在最佳实验条件下,阿霉素浓度在0.67~16.67 μg·mL-1范围之间与碳点的荧光猝灭值ΔF呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.995),检出限为0.22 μg·mL-1,回收率为83.0%～89.2%,相对标准偏差小于2.5%(n=5)。尿样中常见物质对测定干扰较小,显示出所建立的方法具有较好的选择性。     

Spin depolarization dynamics of WSe_2 bilayer

In this work, the spin dynamics of a centrosymmetric WSe_2 bilayer has been investigated by the two-color timeresolved Kerr rotation together with helicity-resolved transient reflectance techniques. Two depolarization processes associated with the direct transition are discovered at a low temperature of 10 K, with the characteristic decaying time of～3.8 ps and ～20 ps, respectively. The short decay time of ～3.8 ps is suggested to be the exciton spin lifetime of the WSe_2 bilayer, which is limited by the short exciton lifetime of the WSe_2 bilayer and the rapid intervalley electron–hole exchange interaction between K+and K-valley in the same layer as that of monolayer. The long decay time of ～20 ps is suggested to be the spin lifetime of photo-excited electrons, whose spin relaxation is governed by the rapid intervalley scattering from the K valley to the global minimum Σ valley and the subsequent interlayer charge transfer in WSe_2 bilayer.Our experimental results prove the existence of the spin-polarized excitons and carriers even in centrosymmetric transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) bilayers, suggesting their potential valleytronic and spintronic device applications.     

Spin-filter effect and spin-polarized optoelectronic properties in annulene-based molecular spintronic devices

Using Fe, Co or Ni chains as electrodes, we designed several annulene-based molecular spintronic devices and investigated the quantum transport properties based on density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function method.Our results show that these devices have outstanding spin-filter capabilities and exhibit giant magnetoresistance effect,and that with Ni chains as electrodes, the device has the best transport properties. Furthermore, we investigated the spinpolarized optoelectronic properties of the device with Ni electrodes and found that the spin-polarized photocurrents can be directly generated by irradiating the device with infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. More importantly, if the magnetization directions of the two electrodes are antiparallel, the photocurrents with different spins are spatially separated, appearing at different electrodes. This phenomenon provides a new way to simultaneously generate two spin currents.     

基于伪地球坐标系的惯导系统全球导航算法

由于极区特殊的地理、电磁条件,惯性导航因其自主性和信息完备性使之成为极区导航的首选。然而在考虑全球执行能力时,现有常用的任何一种力学编排方案都不能单独的实现全球导航。通常采用组合编排的方式,这样则不利于惯导算法的全球统一。基于此提出了基于伪地球坐标系的全球导航算法。该方案在全球导航时可以实现惯导算法的内在统一,并可保证物理平台的平稳切换,从而实现平台惯导与捷联惯导系统编排方案的统一。另外,该方案也更方便同其它局部惯导系统进行交互通信,仅不同的参数转换单元是必需的。同时,简单的切换逻辑也可以减小程序设计的复杂度和降低计算机负担。最后通过仿真证明了该算法的可行性。     

静电纺丝制备中空纤维原位固定化碳酸酐酶用于二氧化碳的吸收

考察了游离碳酸酐酶吸收CO₂水合体系反应条件, 并通过同轴共纺静电纺丝技术制备出中空结构纤维, 实现了碳酸酐酶在中空纤维中的原位包埋, 提高了酶的稳定性并便于回收和重复利用. 实验结果表明, 固定化碳酸酐酶的热稳定性显著增强, 受Cu²⁺和Fe³⁺等金属离子的抑制作用大幅度降低. 连续使用11次后所生成的CaCO₃沉淀量仍能达到首次使用的81.9%. 固定化酶体系生成的CaCO₃沉淀包括方解石型和球文石型2种晶形, 而无酶和加入游离碳酸酐酶的反应体系则主要生成方解石型CaCO₃沉淀.     

TiO2催化超声降解甲基橙溶液

采用经过处理后工业生产的TiO2作为催化剂,以超声降解甲基橙反应为模型,研究了各种因素对。TiO2催化超声降解的影响。研究表明,在TiO2催化剂作用下超声降解甲基橙的效果明显。TiO2催化剂用量在0．3～0．5g／L之间,超声波频率25kHz,输出功率1．0W／cm^2,pH=1．0时,甲基橙水溶液初始浓度为20mg／L的条件下,90min左右基本可全部降解,COD的去除率达到99．0％。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米ZnO薄膜及其光催化性能

本文采用溶胶-凝胶法在石英玻璃基底上制备出性能优良的ZnO薄膜,并通过XRD和UV-VIS吸收光谱对薄膜的结构及光吸收特性进行表征,进一步研究了退火温度和氧气流量对ZnO薄膜光催化性能的影响.结果表明,本实验中ZnO薄膜光催化降解苯酚的最佳条件是:退火温度在300℃,氧气流量为20ml/min,催化效果显著.