Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Itraconazole in Dosage Forms and Spiked Human Plasma

A highly sensitive fluorimetric method was developed for the determination of itraconazole in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. The proposed method is based on measuring the native fluorescence intensity of itraconazole in methanol at 380 nm after excitation at 260 nm. The fluorescence intensity‐concentration plot was rectilinear over the range 0.2 to 2.0 μg/mL with a lower detection limit of 0.05 μg/mL (6.52 × 10^?11 M). The method was further applied to the determination of itraconazole in capsules and spiked human plasma, the mean % recoveries (n = 4) was 100.37 ± 0.86 and 95.47 ± 2.93, respectively. The mean % recoveries were in agreement with those obtained from a reference method.     

水杨醛苯甲酰腙高灵敏度荧光法测定土壤和水中痕量铍的研究

详细研究了铍－水杨醛苯甲酰腙（ＳＡＢＨ）荧光反应新体系的最佳条件在ｐＨ为６２介质中，试剂与铍所形成配合物的λｅｘ为３６５ｎｍ，λｅｍ为４４８ｎｍ，建立的铍荧光分析法的线性范围为０～０２０ｍｇ／Ｌ，检出下限５３×１０－４ｍｇ／Ｌ，相对标准偏差１４％，考察了４０种共存物的干扰情况。该法成功地用于土壤、污水和饮用水中痕量铍的测定。     

Spectrofluorimetric determination of total amount of nitrite and nitrate in biological sample with a new fluorescent probe 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(3',4'-diaminophenyl)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacence

A new synthesized fluorescent probe, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(3′,4′-diaminophenyl)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacence (TMDABODIPY), has been used to detect nitrite. When TMDABODIPY reacted with nitrite, a weak fluorescent triazole formed in 0.2 mol l⁻¹ HCl medium at room temperature. The fluorescence quenching intensity was linear over a nitrite concentration of 0.04–0.32 μmol l⁻¹ with a detection limit of 0.3 nmol l⁻¹ (S/N=3). The proposed method has been applied to the determination of total amount of nitrite and nitrate (reduced by Zn powder) in human serum and urine of health and hypertension persons with recoveries of 91.83–101.80%.     

Fluorimetric study of the interaction between human serum albumin and quinolones-terbium complex and its application

A highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method is proposed for determination of human serum albumin (HSA) and some quinolone drugs. Using quinolones-terbium (Tb3+) complex as a fluorescent probe, in the buffer solution of pH 7.8, HSA can remarkably enhance the fluorescence intensity of the quinolones-Tb3+ complex at 545 nm and the enhanced fluorescence intensity of Tb3+ ion is in proportion to the concentration of HSA and quinolone drugs. Optimum conditions for the determination of HSA were also investigated. The linear ranges and limits of detection are 8.0 x 10(-9) to 8.0 x 10(-8) mol L(-1), 4.20 x 10(-9) mol L(-1) (for HSA); 1.0 x 10(-6) to 4.0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1), 1.87 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) (for norfloxacin) and 1.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1), 4.82 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) (for enoxacine), respectively. This method is simple, practical and relatively free interference from coexisting substances, as well as much more sensitive than most of the existing assays.     

Determination of adenosine disodium triphosphate using prulifloxacin-terbium(III) as a fluorescence probe by spectrofluorimetry

A new spectrofluorimetric method is developed for determination of adenosine disodium triphosphate (ATP). The interactions between prulifloxacin (PUFX)–Tb³⁺ complex and adenosine disodium triphosphate has been studied by using UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectra. Using prulifloxacin–Tb³⁺ as a fluorescence probe, under the optimum conditions, ATP can remarkably enhance the fluorescence intensity of the prulifloxacin–Tb³⁺ complex at λ = 545 nm and the enhanced fluorescence intensity is in proportion to the concentration of ATP. Optimum conditions for the determination of ATP were also investigated. The dynamic range for the determination of ATP is 4.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 2.0 × 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹, and the detection limit (3 σ/k) is 1.7 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹. This method is simple, practical and relatively free interference from coexisting substances and can be successfully applied to determination of ATP in real pharmaceutical samples. The mechanism of fluorescence enhancement of prulifloxacin–Tb³⁺ complex by ATP was also discussed.     

Flow injection determination of aluminium by spectrofluorimetric detection after complexation with N-o-vanillidine-2-amino-p-cresol: the application to natural waters

An on-line flow injection spectrofluorimetric method for the direct determination of aluminium in water samples is described. The method is based on the reaction of aluminium with N-o-vanillidine-2-amino-p-cresol (OVAC) in acidic medium at pH 4.0 to form a water-soluble complex. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 423.0 and 553.0 nm, respectively, at which the OVAC-Al complex gave the maximum fluorescence intensity at pH 4.0 in a 50% methanol-50% water medium at 50 °C. An interference from fluoride ions was minimised by the addition of Be²⁺. Other ions were found not to interfere at the concentrations likely to be found in natural waters. The proposed methods were validated in terms of linearity, repeatability, detection limit, accuracy and selectivity. Under these conditions, the calibration was linear up to 1000 μg L⁻¹ (r = 0.999). The limit of detection (3σ) for the determination of Al(III) was 0.057 μg L⁻¹ and the precision for multiple determinations of 3 ng mL⁻¹ Al(III) prepared in ultra-pure water was found to be 0.62% (n = 10).The Schiff base ligand could be used to determine ultra-trace aluminium from natural waters. Analysis of environmental certified reference materials showed good agreement with the certified values. The procedure was found to be equally applicable to both freshwater and saline solutions, including seawater.     

4-氨基-N-丁基-1,8-萘酰亚胺荧光猝灭法测定NO_2~-的研究

在酸性介质中,4-氨基-N-丁基-1,8萘酰亚胺(ABN)具有强荧光,NO_2~-可以猝灭其荧光,加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)能使猝灭程度显著增大,据此建立了一种以ABN为探针,胶束增敏荧光猝灭法测定NO_2~-的新方法。在0.09mol·L~(-1)的HCl及3.0mmol·L~(-1) CTAB存在下,分别以438nm和535nm为激发和发射波长进行检测,测定的线性范围是0.1~1.9×10-7 mol·L~(-1),检测限为7.1nmol·L~(-1)。该方法具有探针易得,可较长波长下测定,Stokes位移大,选择性好及灵敏度高的优点,用于水样中NO_2~-的含量测定,加标回收率为101.1%~103.4%,相对标准偏差在4.3%以内。     

A Spectrofluorimetric Method For Renin. Comparison With Bioassay And Radioimmunoassay

Abstract

A spectrofluorimetric method for protein estimation based on the use of l-4-diamino-2-3-dich1oro-anthraquinone as a fluorogenic reagent is presented and applied to renin study. The method is optimized and the variables that influence the development of the fluorescence are studied. Data obtained by this method for Renal Renin Activity (RRA) are compared with those obtained by Bioassay (BA) and Radioinmunoassay (RIA), finding that this spectrofluorimetric method is a good one related to Radioinmunoassay.     

Use of Cerium (IV) in the Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorimetric Determinations of Penicillins and Cephalosporins in Their Pharmaceutical Preparations

Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric procedures for the quantitative determination of four penicillins [Amoxycillin (AMX), Bacampicillin (BAC), Piperacillin (PPN) and Sultamcillin (SULT)] and ten cephalosporins [Cefadroxil (CDL), Cefamandole nafate (MAN), Cefuroxime axetil or sodium (CFX), Cefaclor (CFCR), Ceftazidime (CZD), Ceftizoxime (CTIZ), Ceftriaxone (CTRX), Cefoperazone (CPZ), Cefixime (CXIM) and Cefpodoxime proxetil (CFPD)] are described. Both methods are based on the acidic oxidation of the antibiotics with cerium (IV) at elevated temperature. The effect of the reagent concentration, volume of the acid,and the heating temperature were studied to optimize the reaction conditions. Each antibiotic was determined by either measuring the absorbance difference at 317 nm or the cerous inherent fluorescence at 256 and 356 nm for excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively. The two procedures have been successfully applied to the assay of these antibiotics in their pharmaceutical dosage forms. The obtained results have been statistically compared with those obtained by the official methods.     

Spectrofluorimetric Evaluation of Total Aliphatic and Aromatic Amines in Well Waters and Wastewaters

Abstract

A simple and rapid spectrofluorimetric method is described for the determination of aliphatic and aromatic amines on the basis of ammonia and aniline, respectively. Aromatic amines in samples were reacted at pH 5.5 with fluram immoblised on an Octadecylsilane Solid Phase Extraction (ODS-SPE) cartridge. The produced pyrrolinones were adsorbed on SPE and separated from the aliphatic amines. Analysis of these compounds was carried out by elution of SPE with 1 ml Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and determination of fluorescence intensity at excitation wavelength 400 nm and emission wavelength 475 nm. Aliphatic amines after passing from SPE were collected and reacted with fluram at pH 9.2, and extracted into dichloromethane at pH 3 and quantitated fluorimetrically.

Linear dynamic ranges and detection limits (LOD) were 1–20, 0.43 mg 1^?1 and 1-200, 0.39 μg 1^?1 for ammonia and aniline, respectively. The proposed method was successfuly applied for the evaluation of these compounds in local well waters and municipality wastewaters.