基于太阳能光伏的无线户外环境监测系统设计

设计了一种采用太阳能供电模式的无线户外环境监测系统;该系统由终端节点,ZigBee-GSM网关和上位机数据存储中心组成,集成ZigBee和GSM无线通信,根据用户发送的短信指令控制终端节点数据采集的通断,同时用户发送短信指令远程查询户外环境的重要信息;针对户外环境因子的特点,选用工业级、灵敏度高的传感器,对户外不同位置的PM2.5浓度和紫外线指数进行测量,测量结果既可在上位机实时显示和存储,也可以由ZigBee-GSM网关通过SIM900A模块发送至移动终端;户外测试结果表明,该系统运行稳定,数据传输可靠,能快速地实现远程遥测功能,为户外环境远程监测提供了一种技术手段。     

Adsorption of octylamine on titanium dioxide

Processes of adsorption and desorption of a model active substance (octylamine) on the surface of unmodified titanium dioxide (E 171) have been performed. The effects of concentration of octylamine and time of the process on the character of adsorption have been studied and the efficiency of the adsorption/desorption has been determined. The samples obtained have been studied by X-ray diffraction. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, particle size distribution and absorption capacities of water, dibutyl phthalate and paraffin oil have been determined. The efficiency of octylamine adsorption on the surface of the titanium dioxide has been found positively correlated with the concentration of octylamine in the initial solution. The desorption of octylamine has decreased with increasing concentration of this compound adsorbed. For octylamine in low concentrations the physical adsorption has been found to dominate, which is desirable when using TiO₂ in the production of pharmaceuticals.     

Structural, optical and electrochromic properties of nickel oxide thin films grown from electrodeposited nickel sulphide

Nickel oxide thin films were grown onto FTO-coated glass substrates by a two-step process: electrodeposition of nickel sulphide and their thermal oxidation at 425, 475 and 525 °C. The influence of thermal oxidation temperature on structural, optical, morphological and electrochromic properties was studied. The structural properties undoubtedly revealed NiO formation. The electrochromic properties were studied by means of cyclic voltammetry. The films exhibited anodic electrochromism, changing from a transparent state to a coloured state at +0.75 V versus SCE, i.e. by simultaneous ion and electron ejection. The transmittance in the coloured and bleached states was recorded to access electrochromic quality of the films. Colouration efficiency and electrochromic reversibility were found to be maximum (21 mC/cm² and 89%, respectively) for the films oxidized at 425 °C. The optical band gap energy of nickel oxide slightly varies with increase in annealing temperature.     

基于液相色谱-串联质谱的结肠癌血清氧固醇标志物筛选

结肠癌(CC)是全球常见恶性肿瘤之一,发病率呈逐年上升趋势,目前没有有效的标志物用于疾病早期诊断和干预跟踪。胆固醇及其氧化衍生物氧固醇在众多恶性肿瘤发生发展中发挥关键作用。该研究采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术,对CC临床血清样本中胆固醇及相关10种氧固醇代谢物进行了定性定量分析,并采用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)进行多元统计分析,发现上述目标代谢物能够较好地区分CC组与健康对照组。为防止数据过拟合,该研究在PLS-DA模型各代谢物变量投影重要性(VIP)基础上,结合最优组分数及K-均值聚类结果,筛选得到3种代谢标志物。通过受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)的曲线下面积(AUC)分析,发现筛选得到的3种潜在标志物联合预测CC达到0.998,说明模型性能优良。GO(基因本体论)富集分析显示3种潜在标志物主要分布在内质网和包被囊泡上,参与胆固醇代谢、运输、低密度脂蛋白重塑等生物进程,发挥胆固醇运输活性和低密度脂蛋白颗粒受体结合的分子功能。KEGG(京都基因与基因组百科全书)通路分析显示3种潜在标志物富集于类固醇生物合成、PPAR(过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体)信号通路及ABC(ATP结合盒)转运等通路上。该研究为寻找CC标志物及进一步阐明胆固醇及氧固醇在CC发病过程中的作用奠定了一定的基础。     

Toward assessment of density functionals for vibronic coupling in two‐photon absorption: A case study of 4‐nitroaniline

In this study, we predict vibronic two‐photon absorption (TPA) spectra for 4‐nitroaniline in vacuo. The simulations are performed using density functional theory and the approximate second‐order coupled‐cluster singles and doubles model CC2. Thereby we also demonstrate the possibility of simulations of vibronic TPA spectra with ab initio wavefunction methods that include electron correlation for medium‐sized systems. A special focus is put on the geometric derivatives of the second‐order transition moment and the dipole moment difference between the charge‐transfer excited state and the ground state. The results of CC2 calculations bring new insight into the vibronic coupling mechanism in TPA spectra of 4‐nitroniline and demonstrate that the mixed term is quite large and that it also exhibits a negative interference with the Franck‐Condon contribution. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Review of validation and reporting of non-targeted fingerprinting approaches for food authentication

Food fingerprinting approaches are expected to become a very potent tool in authentication processes aiming at a comprehensive characterization of complex food matrices. By non-targeted spectrometric or spectroscopic chemical analysis with a subsequent (multivariate) statistical evaluation of acquired data, food matrices can be investigated in terms of their geographical origin, species variety or possible adulterations. Although many successful research projects have already demonstrated the feasibility of non-targeted fingerprinting approaches, their uptake and implementation into routine analysis and food surveillance is still limited. In many proof-of-principle studies, the prediction ability of only one data set was explored, measured within a limited period of time using one instrument within one laboratory. Thorough validation strategies that guarantee reliability of the respective data basis and that allow conclusion on the applicability of the respective approaches for its fit-for-purpose have not yet been proposed. Within this review, critical steps of the fingerprinting workflow were explored to develop a generic scheme for multivariate model validation. As a result, a proposed scheme for “good practice” shall guide users through validation and reporting of non-targeted fingerprinting results. Furthermore, food fingerprinting studies were selected by a systematic search approach and reviewed with regard to (a) transparency of data processing and (b) validity of study results. Subsequently, the studies were inspected for measures of statistical model validation, analytical method validation and quality assurance measures. In this context, issues and recommendations were found that might be considered as an actual starting point for developing validation standards of non-targeted metabolomics approaches for food authentication in the future. Hence, this review intends to contribute to the harmonization and standardization of food fingerprinting, both required as a prior condition for the authentication of food in routine analysis and official control.     

硫代草酸异构体结构及异构化反应机理的理论研究

采用量子化学CBS-QB3组合方法对硫代草酸可能存在的异构体构型及异构体间相互转化机理进行了详细计算研究,分别得到11种稳定结构及12种异构化过渡态。其中硫代草酸异构体的相对稳定性顺序为M11M7M10M1M9M6M2M3=M4M5,不稳定异构体M5极易向稳定异构体转化。异构体M6向M11转化仅需越过1.92k J·mol-1的能垒,且放出49.04k J·mol-1能量,因此M6向M11的转化是H迁移异构化反应的主通道。     

The Equilibrium CC Bond Length

Twenty eight CC bonds lengths (from a sample of 23 molecules) whose experimental equilibrium structures are thought to be reliable are calculated ab initio. Two different correlated methods are compared: MP2 and CCSD(T). The convergence of Dunning's correlation consistent polarized valence basis sets, cc-pVnZ is also studied. With the CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ method, a systematic correction of about 0.0034 Å is necessary when the frozen core approximation is used. With this offset of 0.0034 Å taken into account, the accuracy (standard deviation) is 0.0013 Å. With the cc-pVTZ basis set, the correction increases to 0.0066 Å and the accuracy drops to 0.0018 Å. The MP2 method is significantly less accurate and the offset only remains constant for similar bonds. During this work, new structures are calculated for methyl cyanide, oxirane, cyclopropenylidene, allene, and cyclopropene.     

Is the choice of a standard zeroth‐order hamiltonian in CASPT2 ansatz optimal in calculations of excitation energies in protonated and unprotonated schiff bases of retinal?

To account for systematic error of CASPT2 method empirical modification of the zeroth‐order Hamiltonian with Ionization Potential‐Electron Affinity (IPEA) shift was introduced. The optimized IPEA value (0.25 a.u.), called standard IPEA (S‐IPEA), was recommended but due to its unsatisfactory performance in multiple metallic and organic compounds it has been questioned lately as a general parameter working properly for all molecules under CASPT2 study. As we are interested in Schiff bases of retinal, an important question emerging from this conflict of choice, to use or not to use S‐IPEA, is whether the introduction of the modified zeroth‐order Hamiltonian into CASPT2 ansatz does really improve their energetics. To achieve this goal, we assessed an impact of the IPEA shift value, in a range of 0–0.35 a.u., on vertical excitation energies to low‐lying singlet states of two protonated (RPSBs) and two unprotonated (RSBs) Schiff bases of retinal for which experimental data in gas phase are available. In addition, an effect of geometry, basis set, and active space on computed VEEs is also reported. We find, that for these systems, the choice of S‐IPEA significantly overestimates both S₀→S₁ and S₀→S₂ energies and the best theoretical estimate, in reference to the experimental data, is provided with either unmodified zeroth‐order Hamiltonian or small value of the IPEA shift in a range of 0.05–0.15 a.u., depending on active space and basis set size, equilibrium geometry, and character of the excited state. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.