In situ chemical oxidation of aniline by persulfate with iron(Ⅱ) activation at ambient temperature

<正>The kinetics of aniline degradation by persulfate processes with iron(Ⅱ) activation at ambient temperature was investigated in this study.With iron(Ⅱ) as initiator,the oxidation reactions were found to follow a biphasic rate phenomenon:a rapid transformation followed by a slow but sustained oxidation process.In the first 30 s,the reaction mainly relies on the persulfate-Fe~(2+) reaction in which aniline is oxidized rapidly.After 30 s,the aniline was still oxidized but the rate of reaction tended to be slower and the rates were clearly linear-proportional.After the initial fast oxidation,the reactions appeared to follow a pseudo-first-order model.     

苯胺电化学聚合机理的研究

主要应用电化学方法研究了苯胺及其电化学聚合产物─—聚苯胺的循环伏安曲线，同时讨论了苯胺的存在对４－氨基二苯胺循环伏安曲线的影响。结果表明：随着苯胺聚合的进行，聚苯胺同时发生降解；苯胺电化学聚合按“白催化机理”进行。     

Determination of aniline in environmental water samples by alternating-current oscillopolarographic titration

A new method for the determination of aniline in environmental water based on oscillopolarographic titration was presented in this paper. Several factors including the kind, concentration, and volume of acid, the dosage of potassium bromide, the temperature and concentration of concomitant substances were investigated in detail. The experimental results indicated that this method was simple, rapid, and sensitive. The linear range was 8.367×10-4 to 2.789×10-2 mol L-1, the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was lower than 0.96%, and the spiked recoveries of aniline in environmental water samples were in the range of 99.4-106.9% under the optimal conditions. The results indicated that the present method could be used as an alternative method for aniline determination in realworld water samples.     

Synthesis of asymmetric halomesylate mustards with aziridineethanol/alkali metal halides: application to an improved synthesis of the hypoxia prodrug PR-104

Aromatic asymmetric halomesylate mustards are efficiently prepared by reaction of activated aromatic chlorides with aziridineethanol/alkali metal halides, followed by mesylation of the haloalcohol. The reaction conditions are sufficiently mild to be compatible with a range of different substituents and protecting groups, including carboxylate and phosphate esters, and have been used in an improved synthesis of the anticancer bromomesylate mustard PR-104, now in clinical trials.     

多波长线性回归紫外吸光光度法同时测定炼油厂污水中苯酚和苯胺

提出用多波长线性回归紫外吸光光度法同时测定炼油厂污水中的苯酚和苯胺.方法省去了萃取、蒸馏、显色等步骤,操作简单.对合成水样进行测定,相对标准偏差≤4.57%,相对误差≤±2.3%.对炼油厂水样进行测定并进行加标回收试验,苯酚和苯胶的回收率分别为99.4%～103.0%和97.2%～104.0%,结果良好.苯酚和苯胶的最低检出限分别为0.010和0.048μg·ml~(-1).     

Non-empirical calculations and basis set effects on the inversion geometry of the aniline molecule

The geometry of the amine group and the barrier to internal conversion in aniline have been studied by single-determinantab initio SCF calculations using several basis sets from minimal to double-zeta quality. The results obtained from different types and sizes of basis sets are discussed. Calculations performed with the two most flexible basis sets yield inversion barriers of 0.9–1.1 kcal/mole and angles of pyramidalization at the nitrogen atom of 38–39 ° which are in good agreement with the experimental results (1.3 kcal/ mole and 38 °). Orbital and overlap population analyses are performed and compared with the expected mesomeric and inductive effect. The calculated dipole moment 1.48–1.49 D also agrees with the experimental values (1.48–1.50 D).Dedicated to Professor O. E. Polansky, Mülheim/Ruhr, on the occasion of his 60th birthday.     

Preparation of Ce-PbO(2) modified electrode and its application in detection of anilines

The effect of Ce(III) on the morphology and structure of lead dioxide (PbO₂) modified electrode was studied in this paper. The results obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV), X-ray diffractometion (XRD) and scanning tunneling micrograph (STM) indicated that the Ce-doped PbO₂ film consisted of a mixture of α- and β-PbO₂ crystallographic phases and the content of α-phase was higher than that in undoped PbO₂ film. PbO₂ crystal grains in nanometric size were formed on the electrode surface by doping with Ce. So that the specific surface areas and catalytic active sites of the modified electrode were increased. Hence the catalytic activity of the Ce-PbO₂ modified electrode was evidently greater than the undoped PbO₂ modified electrode. When the Ce-PbO₂ modified electrode was applied as an analytical sensor to determine aniline compounds, the linearity was in the range of 5×10⁻⁵ to 1×10⁻³ mol/l and the detection limit was 1×10⁻⁵ mol/l.     

Determination of aniline in vegetable oils by diazotization and coupling in a microemulsion medium

A microemulsion containing sodium dodecyl sulphate and n-pentanol in a mass ratio of 1 : 4, water and a vegetable oil was investigated using pseudo-tenary phase diagrams. The medium can co-solve important amounts of vegetable oils and aqueous solutions over a wide range of ionic strengths. A procedure for the determination of 1.4–140 μg ml^?1 of aniline in vegetable oils using ionic diazotization and coupling reactions was developed. The absorbance was measured in an optically clear microemulsion containing 4% or 20% of oil. The procedure is much simpler and rapid than the official chromatographic methods and gives almost the same limits of detection (ca. 05 μg ml^?1) using no more than 1 ml of sample. The repeatability for 30 μg ml^?1 aniline was 2%. Acid-base titrations in the microemulsion medium permitted the evaluation of the protonation constant of the dye.     

Production of electrically conductive, core/shell polystyrene/polyaniline composite particles by chemical oxidative seeded dispersion polymerization

Micron-sized, monodispersed, electrically conductive polystyrene (PS)/polyaniline (PAn) composite particles were produced by chemical oxidative seeded dispersion polymerization of aniline at 0 °C with 1.37-μm-sized, monodispersed PS seed particles in HCl aqueous solution, where the pH value was kept at 2.5 with a pH stat. The composite particles consisted of a PS core and a PAn shell. A pellet of the composite particles had a conductivity of 3.4 × 10⁻³ S/cm. Received: 5 April 2000 Accepted: 10 August 2000