多糖对客体分子非共价改性的研究

多糖一般来自于生物体,在自然界中广泛存在.它们有着复杂的化学结构、分子构象和生理功能,正越来越受到研究者的关注.多糖家族中的β-1,3-葡聚糖由于具有很强的螺旋结构形成能力而被研究得最多.碳纳米管由于具有优异的力学、电学、光学和热性能已成为有应用潜力的纳米材料.合成寡核苷酸在近年的研究中也显示出可能用于治疗疑难杂症.利...     

利用预失真条纹校正PMP系统投影仪畸变的研究

依据摄像机畸变模型提出了一种投影条纹相位畸变校正方法来简化相位-高度映射关系.该方法首先通过投两套互相垂直的相移正弦条纹,以相位值代替投影仪像素坐标,将投影仪当成摄像机看待,标定出投影仪的内参量.然后根据标定出的投影仪镜头畸变参量对理想相位施加反向的畸变,在投影时反向畸变的光栅通过镜头畸变,又成为理想的光栅,从而简化了相位-高度映射关系.实验中,虽然由于测量误差的影响,校正后的投影仪径向畸变系数还是比原来小了1个数量级.     

燃油喷射参数对共轨柴油机性能的影响规律

利用 INCA 标定系统工具,在一台 CA6DL2-35E3 高压共轨重型柴油机原预、主喷欧 3 喷油 MAP 上进行了基于单次喷射(去除预喷)及三段喷射(增设后喷)两种模式的喷油参数对发动机性能影响规律试验研究.单喷试验结果表明,提高喷油压力可以改善除 NOx 外其余发动机性能参数,结合喷油正时的延迟可确定一个优化整机性能的折衷点.增设后喷后,改变主后喷间隔(主喷结束到后喷开始)NOx 及碳烟排放均存在拐点,而随着后喷油量的增加(从主喷油量给出)碳烟及 NOx 排放均降低;根据对动力性/经济性影响小及尾气排放降低或不恶化为优化原则对工况点进行优化后,可以认为优化后喷参数能够较好地改善发动机各项性能.     

Finite Element Analysis of Convection in Growth Cell for Diamond Growth Using Ni-Based Solvent

Thermal-electricaJ-fluid coupled finite element analyses are performed in the model of the growth cell in a high-pressure and high-temperature （HPHT） cubic apparatus in which the large diamond crystal can be grown by using Ni-based solvent with temperature gradient method （TGM）. The convection in the Ni-based solvent with different thicknesses at 1700-1800 K is simulated by finite element method （FEM）. The experiments of diamond crystal growth are also carried out by using Ni-based solvent at 5.7GPa and 1700-1800K in a China-type cubic high pressure apparatus （CHPA）. The simulation results show that the Rayleigh number in the solvent is enhanced obviously with the increasing solvent thickness. Good quality diamond single crystal cannot be grown if the Rayleigh number in the solvent is too high.     

计及声子辅助跃迁的单量子点中的非线性法拉第偏转

利用一束弱线性π偏振探测光在与其平行的磁场作用下所形成的两偏振分量,在半导体单量子点中考虑声子辅助跃迁去构建环形四能级电磁感应透明介质模型.利用多重尺度法,解析研究发现:仅考虑系统的线性效应,随着耦合光强度的增加,介质对探测光的吸收迅速减少,形成透明窗口,并且透明窗口的宽度随之增大;进一步地,在相同的外加磁场下探测光的非线性法拉第偏转方向与线性法拉第偏转相反,且偏转角更大.随着声子辅助跃迁强度的增加,线性和非线性法拉第偏转角都会逐渐变小,并且非线性法拉第偏转角减小的更多.这说明系统中的声子辅助跃迁能有效地调制探测光的法拉第偏转.我们的研究可能对于弱光条件下的光信息处理和传输具有潜在的应用价值.     

连续搅拌反应器中自催化化学反应的同步与控制

讨论了由两个连续搅拌反应器组成的化学反应体系的同步问题. 基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,提出了设计控制函数的方法,分别探讨了入料溶液的流速恒定和存在周期微扰两种情况下使反应实现同步的耦合强度范围. 用数值模拟验证了方法的有效性. 结果表明该方法不仅适用于自治系统,同时也适用于具有周期扰动的非自治系统. 关键词： 同步与控制 化学反应 连续搅拌反应器 周期扰动     

纳米NaY_(1-x-y)F_4∶Yb_y~(3 ),Tm_x~(3 )材料的上转换光学特性

用水热法合成了NaY1-x-yF4∶Yby3 ,Tmx3 上转换纳米粒子材料。实验发现,样品的粒径多数在100nm以内;当加热温度180℃、反应时间120min、稀土离子Tm3 的摩尔分数为0.04%时,所制备的纳米材料在980nm半导体激光激发下,其主要上转换发光的辐射峰值位于476.54nm处。     

激光诱导煤粉发射光谱的基体效应研究

激光诱导发射光谱分析技术是目前正被广泛发展的一种元素定量检测手段,其分析结果的准确性与精度和分析基体的物理化学特性紧密相关.本文采用波长为1064nm的激光烧蚀煤样,以中阶梯光谱仪和ICCD分析诱导产生的等离子体发射光谱.通过试验基体的不同形态特性对各种元素定量分析特征光谱的强度、稳定性以及元素分析探测限的影响,研究激光诱导煤粉发射光谱的基体效应规律,并从激光等离子体形成的理论机制上进行实验分析.研究表明,适中的煤粉颗粒尺寸与样品密度更有利于激光诱导煤粉发射光谱的定量分析.     

Ceramic synthesis of 0.08BiGaO_3–0.90BaTiO_3–0.02LiNbO_3 under high pressure and high temperature

In this paper, the preparation of 0.08BiGaO_3–0.90BaTiO_3–0.02LiNbO_3 is investigated at pressure 3.8 GPa and temperature 1100–1200?C. Experimental results indicate that not only is the sintered rate more effective, but also the sintered temperature is lower under high pressure and high temperature than those of under normal pressure. It is thought that the adscititious pressure plays the key role in this process, which is discussed in detail. The composition and the structure of the as-prepared samples are recorded by XRD patterns. The result shows that the phases of Ba TiO_3, BaBiO_(2.77), and Ba_2Bi_4Ti_5O_(18) with piezoelectric ceramic performance generate in the sintered samples. Furthermore, the surface morphology characteristics of the typical samples are also investigated using a scanning electron microscope. It indicates that the grain size and surface structure of the samples are closely related to the sintering temperature and sintering time. It is hoped that this study can provide a new train of thought for the preparation of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with excellent performance.     

Theoretics-directed effect of copper or aluminum content on the ductility characteristics of Al-based(Al_3Ti,AlTi,AlCu,AlTiCu_2)intermetallic compounds

First-principle simulations have been applied to investigate the effect of copper(Cu) or aluminum(Al) content on the ductility of Al_3Ti,AlTi,AlCu,and AlTiCu_2 alloys.The mechanical stable and elastic properties of Al-based intermetallic compounds are researched by density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation(DFT-GGA).The calculated lattice constants are in conformity with the previous experimental and theoretical data.The deduced elastic constants show that the investigated Al_3Ti,AlTi,AlCu,and AlTiCu_2 structures are mechanically stable.Shear modulus,Young's modulus,Poisson's ratio,and the ratio B/G have also been figured out by using reckoned elastic constants.A further analysis of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio reveals that the third added element copper content has significant effects on the Al-Ti-based ICs ductile character.