一种通用的红外人脸器官定位算法

红外人脸热像图是红外成像领域的研究热点之一,而对作为其基础性研究的通用红外人脸定位算法却研究的较少。利用由人脸生理结构造成的温度特异性和由温度变化形成的图像边缘,给出了一种通用的人脸器官定位算法。首先利用温度特异性定位鼻孔等温度特异性强的区域,然后以此为参考点,结合面部器官分布特点,对融合提取的图像边缘信息进行眼睛等其他器官的定位。实验结果表明,该方法对各器官的平均定位精度均达到了90%以上,具有一定的实用价值。另外,该方法不仅可以对常规的眼、鼻、口等器官进行定位,而且还可以对眉骨、瞳孔等位置进行定位。     

Critical condition for the transformation from Taylor cone to cone-jet

An energy method is proposed to investigate the critical transformation condition from a Taylor cone to a cone-jet.Based on the kinetic theorem, the system power allocation and the electrohydrodynamics stability are discussed. The numerical results indicate that the energy of the liquid cone tip experiences a maximum value during the transformation.With the proposed jetting energy, we give the critical transformation condition under which the derivative of jetting energy with respect to the surface area is greater than or equal to the energy required to form a unit of new liquid surface.     

薄膜断裂和穿透的向量式有限元分析及应用

向量式有限元基于牛顿运动定律,通过质点描述和向量分析来求解整体结构的动力响应。首先,给出了向量式有限元三角形薄膜单元的基本理论,进而针对薄膜结构的断裂和穿透破坏过程,提出相应解决方案。对于薄膜断裂问题,采用Mises应力状态变量达到失效应力限值作为断裂判据,通过质点分裂方式将相连单元的对应节点断开,并对分裂后的新质点进行状态更新来模拟其断裂过程;对于薄膜穿透问题,则同时结合碰撞和断裂过程模拟来实现。在此基础上,编制了薄膜结构的断裂和穿透求解计算程序,算例分析表明,程序可很好地完成薄膜结构的大变形大转动、断裂和穿透等不连续行为的模拟,验证了理论及程序的可靠性和有效性,体现了本文方法进行薄膜结构复杂不连续行为分析的优势。     

Large positive magnetoresistance in photocarrier-doped potassium tantalites

We report on the high-field magnetotransport of KTaO₃ single crystals, which are a promising candidate for study in the extreme quantum limit. By photocarrier doping with 360 nm light, we observe a significant positive, non-saturating, and linear magnetoresistance at low temperatures accompanied by a decreasing Hall coefficient. When cooling down to 10 K, the magnetoresistance value of KTaO₃ (100) reaches ～ 433% at a magnetic field of 12 T. Such behavior can be attributed to all the electrons occupying only the lowest Landau level in the extreme quantum limit. Light inhomogeneity may also contribute to large linear magnetoresistance. These results provide insights into novel magnetic devices based on complex materials and add a new family of materials with positive magnetoresistance.     

基于地沟油的洗衣液合成及性能研究

以地沟油为原料,经磺化并提纯,获得棕色胶质地沟油磺酸钠盐,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱确定合成化合物特征基团,并对其水溶液的电导率和表面张力进行测定。在此基础上,与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-9)等辅助材料采用正交试验进行复配,获得一种环保型洗衣液。以该洗衣液对油污布洗涤效果对配方进行优化,最后得到一种以地沟油为原料制备的性能优良的洗衣液。     

透射光栅衍射效率的通用模型

在远场条件下采用夫朗和费衍射近似,经过波动光学的计算推导,得到透射光栅各级绝对衍射效率及相对衍射效率通用计算模型. 此模型可以用来计算任意栅线截面情况下透射光栅的衍射效率. 利用此模型,分别建立了矩形、梯形和5边准梯形截面的衍射效率计算模型,并对模型正确性进行了验证. 关键词： 透射光栅 衍射效率 数值模拟     

水对砂岩纵横波速及弹性参数影响的实验研究

水对含不同黏土矿物油气储层的纵横波速以及弹性参数有很大影响。为研究此影响,在相同条件下制作了三组(黏土成分分别为蒙脱石、伊利石和伊利石/蒙脱石混合)不同黏土含量(体积分数)的人造泥质砂岩岩样,并先后在常态、饱和及干燥三种状态下进行了纵横波速测量,在人工岩样黏土填隙分布模型下计算了孔隙度。首先,通过结合临界孔隙度模型和Gassmann模型,验证了人工岩样实验数据的合理性;然后,确定了影响岩样波速及弹性参数的主要因素,并在主要因素控制下对比分析了常态、干燥态岩样的纵横波速及剪切模量和体积模量。结果表明:对于含伊利石岩样,水对纵横波速及弹性参数影响较小,且孔隙度越大影响越小;对于含伊蒙混合岩样,水的影响较大,浸泡水后岩样纵横波速及弹性参数均明显变小,说明蒙脱石吸水膨胀后其内部微观孔隙不能被忽略。     

A Hertz-Linewidth Ultrastable Diode Laser System for Clock Transition Detection of Strontium Atoms

The frequencies of two 698 nm external cavity diode lasers （ECDLs） are locked separately to two independently located ultrahigh finesse optical resonant cavities with the Pound Drever-Hall technique. The linewidth of each ECDL is measured to be -4.6 Hz by their beating and the fractional frequency stability below 5 × 10^-15 between 1 s to lOs averaging time. Another 698nm laser diode is injection locked to one of the cavity-stabilized ECDLs with a fixed frequency offset for power amplification while maintaining its linewidth and frequency characteristics. The frequency drift is H1 Hz/s measured by a femtosecond optical frequency comb based on erbium fiber. The output of the injection slave laser is delivered to the magneto-optical trap of a Sr optical clock through a iO- ta-long single mode polarization maintaining fiber with an active fiber noise cancelation technique to detect the clock transition of Sr atoms.     

透射光栅谱仪测谱不确定度分析

透射光栅谱仪广泛应用于惯性约束聚变和其他激光等离子体相互作用领域. 而辐射光谱的精确测量依赖于测量设备的不确定度. 本文从标定过程出发, 分析了标定实验对透射光栅各级衍射效率带来的不确定度. 结合标定实验带来的不确定度, 分析了实验结果解谱过程带来的不确定度. 给出了0.1-5keV能段测量光谱的不确定度. 关键词： 不确定度 透射光栅 实验标定