聚N-甲基苯胺的质子酸掺杂

聚N-甲基苯胺(PMAn)可用酸碱进行可逆的掺杂及反掺杂。掺杂使电导增大。掺杂过程在本质上是链的质子化过程,与阴离子无关。用FTIR、UV-VIS、ESR表征了掺杂前后结构的变化。结果表明,掺杂后链上来偶电子增加,电子及电荷更加离域化,并与电导率增大相吻合。PMAn的导电载流子可能是离域化的阳离子自由基。     

乙丙共聚物及其共混物晶型探讨

用广角X-射线衍射(WAXD)和偏光显微镜(PLM)方法,研究了具有乙丙长序列乙丙共聚物及其共混物,发现通过熔融慢冷结晶样品,C_3含量在30mol％以上,衍射角2θ=20°处出现了属于γ-PP晶型的(140),(130)晶面衍射。含有乙丙长序列链结构的乙丙共聚物及共混物属(α+γ)混晶结构;含乙丙长序列的EPR以γ-相为主,嵌段物和共混物则以α-PP为主,形成γ-PP结构的必要条件是含有乙丙长序列链结构样品熔融慢冷结晶。     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMOTROPIC COPOLYESTERS AND COPOLY (ESTER-AMIDE)S CONTAINING OXYETHYLENE-ETHER AS THE SPACER

Flexible oxyethylene-ether was introduced into the aromatic copolyesters and copoly(es-ter-amide)s to reduce the melting point of resulting polymers. The melting point was greatlyreduced to 200℃ or even lower in some cases, and the molecular weight was satisfactorilyhigh as reflected by inherent viscosity. The polymers exhibited high thermal stability and goodmechanical properties as determined by TGA and mechanical tests. The copolyester showedbetter crystallinity and liquid crystallinity than corresponding copoly(ester-amide)s with simi-lar monomer composition as reflected by POM observation and WAXD study. The meltingpoints for both copolyesters and copoly (ester-amide)s showed great dependence on the p-acetoxybenzoic acid (PAB) content in monomer composition and reached the lowest valuewhen PAB was 29 mol%.     

低密度聚乙烯/乙丙烯三元共聚(LDPE/EPO)共混体系的结晶动力学

用DSC方法研究了LDPE/EPO共混体系的等温及非等温结晶动力学,对LDPE/EPO共混体系的等温结晶动力学研究表明,共混物是三维生长的异相成核,共混物在各个结晶温度下的结晶过程都是以方式K_g(Ⅱ)进行的.采用联系Avrami方程和Ozawa方程导出的新非等温结晶动力学方程,处理了LDPE/EPO共混体系,得到了非等温结晶过程的一些基本参数,新方程很好地描述了此共混体系的非等温结晶动力学过程.     

聚合物材料结晶度（下）

4.2 Ruland方法使用式(2)计算结晶度时,Ruland考虑了热运动及晶格畸变的影响,从而使算得的结晶度值较合理。在不失计算结晶度W_(c,x)数值精度的情况下,在Ruland方法的实验中可以只取具有较大衍射峰强度的S范围,就可提高计算结晶度的数值准确性,克服了其它方法必须收集尽可能大范围S内的衍射强度数据的限制。Ruland方法测定结晶度的基本公式:     

X-射线衍射法研究稀土顺-1,4-聚丁二烯低温结晶动力学

本文用广角X-射线衍射法(WAXD)研究了稀土催化聚合顺-1,4-聚丁二烯(Ln-PB)低温下分子量和温度对结晶过程的影响.随着分子量的改变,结晶速度在M_η=8×10~5左右有一极小值;在M_η=29×10~5左右有一极大值.最大结晶速度发生在T_(c,max)=-60～-70℃之间.最大平衡结晶度值,在M_η大于10~6以上与分子量无关,而最大平衡结晶度值所对应的温度与M_η呈线性关系.随着温度上升,晶胞参数略有增大.Ln-PB主级结晶属于非均相成核,以原纤状和盘状混合生长.     

热致液晶性序列嵌段共聚酯的多重热转变

本文利用DSC研究了热致液晶性序列嵌段共聚酯在不同升温速率时的多重熔融转变,和不同冷却速率对结晶与熔融过程的影响。发现T_(kn)和T_(ni)与热历史、升温速率及成形条件均无关,T_(kn)=425.86K,T_(nt)=480.60K;而T_(in)与T_(nk)随冷却速率增大而降低。     

X-RAY SCATTERING STUDIES ON NYLON-1010

From Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) pattern of uniaxially orientated fibers, the crystal structure of Nylon-1010 was determined. The Nylon-1010 crystallizes in the triclinic system, with lattice dimensions: a=4.9A, b=5.4A, c=27.8, α=49 °, β=77 °,γ=63.5 °, the unit cell contains one monomeric unit and the space group is P. The degree of crystallinity of polymer was deter mined as about 60%, using Ruland's method.The structures of Nylon-1010 with different draw ratio have been investigated by using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). The results indicate that the draw ratio of samples has a significant effect on microstructure of Nylon-1010. The long period and thickness of amorphous layer obviously increase but the invariant, average lameUar and interphase zone show almost independent of draw ratio, long period increases because amorphous layer increases with draw ratio. The electron density fluctuation values increased with draw ratio, but inner surface O_s is drecreased.     

新型间位聚醚酮醚酮酮的合成与结晶

聚醚醚酮(ＰＥＥＫ)自八十年代初由英国ＩＣＩ公司开发并工业化以来,由于其优异的性能已在机械、航天等领域得到广泛应用.但ＰＥＥＫ的Ｔｇ只有143℃,影响了使用范围.因此其它聚芳醚酮类聚合物相继被开发出来.但这些聚芳醚酮的主链结构大都为全对位连接,使其熔点较高以至加工难度增大.因此,高Ｔｇ和低Ｔｍ的聚芳醚酮的合成是一项很有意义的工作.如果在聚合物的主链结构中引入间位结构,则可在对Ｔｇ影响较小的情况下降低熔点来改善加工条件[1,2].新型间位聚醚酮醚酮酮(ＰＥＫＥＫＫ(Ｔ/Ｉ))也是其中一种.本文主要研究ＰＥＫＥＫＫ(Ｔ/Ｉ)的合…     

二氧化碳-环氧丙烷共聚物/乙基纤维素共混物的研究

用DSC,TGA,WAXD和SEM研究了溶液浇注制备马来酸酐封端的聚亚丙基碳酸酯（乙基纤维素共混物（MAPPC／EC）的相容性,热稳定性,聚焦态结构和形态。共混物存在单一玻璃化温度揭示MAPPC和EC在非晶区相容,富EC共混物的固相－液晶相转变温度和液晶相－各向同性态转变温度和转变焓均随EC含量增加而增加,在MAPPC中混入EC,热分解温度提高,特别是质量比为90：10的MAPPC／EC共混物热分解温度增加在富MAPPC共混物中最明显。在胆甾型液晶EC中混入MAPPC,EC的2个峰向大Bragg角方向移动,使介晶相聚合物层间距及链间距变小,结晶相微晶尺寸增大,非晶相尺寸减小,共混物堆砌更紧密。