原位TiB/凹凸棒石矿物双相增强Ti基复合材料的制备及其摩擦学性能

以Ti、Al、B和凹凸棒石矿物粉体为原料,利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)工艺制备了原位TiB/凹凸棒石矿物双相增强Ti基复合材料,借助扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、显微硬度计和纳米压痕仪等研究了凹凸棒石矿物对原位Ti基复合材料微观组织、物相结构、增强体形态与分布以及微纳力学性能的影响,采用SRV滑动磨损试验机考察了其在油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能,探讨了凹凸棒石改善原位Ti基复合材料力学及摩擦学性能的作用机制.结果表明,SPS工艺制备的原位TiB/凹凸棒石矿物双相增强Ti基复合材料组织致密,原位自生TiB增强体分布均匀,凹凸棒石矿物对复合材料基质相具有明显的细晶强化作用.在摩擦过程中复杂的物理和化学作用下,凹凸棒石矿物与复合材料中的Ti、Al以及对偶钢球的Fe等元素发生摩擦化学反应,在摩擦表面形成了由金属氧化物、二氧化硅、石墨和凹凸棒石矿物等构成的减摩自修复层,从而使钛基复合材料表现出优异的摩擦学性能.     

硅烷浓度对微晶硅太阳电池的影响

采用甚高频等离子化学气相沉积技术(VHF-PECVD)制备了系列p-i-n型微晶硅太阳电池,研究了电池有源层硅烷浓度的变化对电池性能的影响.结果发现:随着硅烷浓度的提高电池的短路电流密度先提高然后降低,转换效率与之有相同的变化趋势,而开路电压随硅烷浓度的提高而增加,这些变化来源于有源层材料结构的改变.电池的填充因子几乎不受硅烷浓度的影响,但受前电极的影响很大.不同系列电池转化效率的最高点虽然处于非晶到微晶的过渡区,但对应电池的晶化率不同.另外,研究结果也给出非晶/微晶过渡区随着辉光功率的提高和沉积气压的降低向高硅烷浓度方向转移.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定记号笔笔芯和墨水中铜和铬

报道了使用ICP-AES测定记号笔芯和墨水中的铜和铬的方法。 主要关注了不同的样品前处理方法的研究。 结果表明: 对标记用的油性记号笔笔芯和含有高分子树脂的墨水, 采用550 ℃灰化, 混合酸(V_HNO3∶V_HClO4=3∶1)溶解的方法处理样品, 是该类样品比较好的处理方法; 而对不含有高分子树脂的墨水, 采用直接用混合酸(V_HNO3∶V_HClO4=3∶1)的消解即可。 消解后的样品经稀酸酸化后, 采用ICP-AES测定铜和铬, 结果准确、稳定。该方法适合记号笔或墨水中元素的测定。     

Scattering Resonance States and Partial Potential Energy Surface of Reaction I ＋ HI （ v = 0 ） → IH （ v＇ = 0 ） ＋ I

The partial potential energy surface of the I ＋ HI →IH ＋ I reaction involving the translational and vibrational motions has been constructed at the QCISD（ T ）//MP4SDQ level with the pseudo potential method that is helpful to interpreting the scattering resonance states. The lifetimes of the scattering resonance states in the title reaction obtained from the partial potential energy surface are about 90-120 fs, which agrees with the result of high-resolved threshold photodetachment spectroscopy of anion IHI^- measured by Neumark.     

Two-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic dromion-like soliton in a cold transparent plasma

By using a standard multiple scale method, a Davey--Stewartson (DS) equation has been derived and also applied to a multi-dimensional analytical investigation on the interaction of an ultra-intense laser pulse with a cold unmagnetized transparent electron-ion plasma. The regions of instability are found by considering the modulation instability of a plane wave solution of the DS equation. The DS equation is just of the Davey--Stewartson 1 (DS1) type and admits a dromion solution, i.e. a two-dimensional (2D) dromion soliton decaying exponentially in all spatial directions. A 2D relativistic electromagnetic dromion-like soliton (2D REDLS) is derived for a vector potential.     

The characteristics of confined ablation in laser propulsion

Compared with direct ablation, confined ablation provides an effective way to obtain a large target momentum and a high coupling coefficient. By using a transparent glass layer to cover the target surface, the coupling coefficient is enhanced by an order of magnitude. With the increase of the gap width between the target surface and the cover layer, the coupling coefficient exponentially decreases. It is found that the coupling coefficient is also related to the thickness of the cover layer.     

表面等离子共振(SPR)——一种新型化学检测方法的原理

近年来,表面等离子共振(SPR)现象、由于在金属纳米材料研究以及在作为灵敏检测不同化学和生化物种信号的报告器方面有着特殊的应用价值,因而受到广泛的关注.本文较详细的介绍了表面等离子共振现象的形成机制,特别对如何利用本方法作为一种新型的物种检测报告器的有关问题做了较系统的讨论.     

等离子发射光谱法测定三乙基铝中的铝

采用等离子发射光谱法测定三乙基铝中的铝,样品用乙醇稀释,H2SO4萃取,加热破坏酸液中的有机体.选择了合适的分析谱线和积分时间,方法简便,准确,快速,回收率为96%～103%.