基于改进的主成分分析法宽带光谱反射率重建

为了降低光谱反射率重建设备的复杂度和成本并且在宽带光谱上进行更高精度的反射率重建,采用宽带多光谱成像的方法,将投影仪的红、绿、蓝三色光作为光源,用彩色数码相机对光谱图像进行采样。在主成分分析法的基础上引入加权系数,以及误差校正函数,利用改进后的方法重建色卡、染色纸张、油画表面的反射率。选取表征反射率重建精度的均方根误差、拟合度系数、光谱匹配偏度指数3个指标,对所提方法与主成分分析法和加权伪逆法的重建结果进行对比,结果表明：所提方法的重建精度较主成分分析法提高了约45%,较加权伪逆法提高了约30%;由所提方法计算的反射率重建的颜色色差值也优于后两者。     

稀疏正交联合约束多通道非负矩阵分解声信号分离算法

针对复杂环境下多通道声信号分离问题,提出稀疏正交联合约束多通道非负矩阵分解声信号分离方法。首先设计基于多通道扩展坂仓斋藤(Itakura-Saito,IS)散度的稀疏正交联合约束项构造代价函数,给出信号稀疏和信号正交约束辅助函数,实现代价函数最小化求解。然后通过迭代更新规则设计,得到稀疏正交优化的多通道非负矩阵分解基矩阵和系数矩阵,讨论了稀疏正交约束对基矩阵和系数矩阵稀疏性与连续性影响。最后基于多通道信号空间特性,进行了非负矩阵分解基聚类以获得多通道非负矩阵分解声信号的分离结果。双通道音频数据与四通道声学目标分离实验数据测试表明,对音频数据,所提算法在性能指标信号失真比(SDR)上提高了0.84 dB,对于直升机声源数据,所提算法在SDR上提高了4.53 dB。     

基于显微共聚焦拉曼技术对三种食源性致病菌的快速鉴别研究

采用显微共聚焦拉曼技术,建立了对三种常见食源性致病菌快速鉴别的检测方法。使用XploRA PLUS共聚焦拉曼光谱仪,在激光功率为5 mW、积分时间为30s、积分次数为1次的条件下,对德尔卑沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行了拉曼光谱数据的采集。对拉曼光谱采用多项式平滑算法和荧光背底扣除后,采用主成分分析法(PCA)对预处理后的数据进行降维,提取出前三个主成分的累计方差贡献率达到了95.4％,样本明显的聚为了3类。同时结合Fisher判别分析法(FLD)构建分类模型,对三种样本进行交叉验证,分类准确率达到了100％。结果表明,采用显微共聚焦拉曼技术与PCA-FLD方法结合可实现对三种食源性致病菌的快速准确鉴别且模型检测精度高,方法具有一定的实用性及参考价值。     

考虑压电材料非线性特性时旋转式超声电机定子的主共振响应

考虑压电材料非线性本构关系，建立了旋转式超声电机定子的非线性动力学模型，利用解析与数值方法研究超声电机定子的主共振响应，以揭示压电材料非线性本构关系对定子振动特性的影响，为深入研究旋转行波超声电机的动力学机理奠定基础．     

高压声速测量与卸载路径

介绍了利用光分析法和加窗VISAR(Veloeity Interferometer System for Any Reflector)测量强冲击压缩下的声速的原理和方法，以及利用加窗VISAR技术测量高压卸载路径的方法。     

HIGH PERFORMANCE SPARSE SOLVER FOR UNSYMMETRICAL LINEAR EQUATIONS WITH OUT-OF-CORE STRATEGIES AND ITS APPLICATION ON MESHLESS METHODS

A new direct method for solving unsymmetrical sparse linear systems(USLS) arising from meshless methods was introduced. Computation of certain meshless methods such as meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method need to solve large USLS. The proposed solution method for unsymmetrical case performs factorization processes symmetrically on the upper and lower triangular portion of matrix, which differs from previous work based on general unsymmetrical process, and attains higher performance. It is shown that the solution algorithm for USLS can be simply derived from the existing approaches for the symmetrical case. The new matrix factorization algorithm in our method can be implemented easily by modifying a standard JKI symmetrical matrix factorization code. Multi-blocked out-of-core strategies were also developed to expand the solution scale. The approach convincingly increases the speed of the solution process, which is demonstrated with the numerical tests.     

一种新的运动激波--非定常边界层相互干扰现象

本文探讨了一种新的激波－非定常边界层相互干扰现象，这种激波－边界层干扰现象既不同于定常激波－边界层干扰现象，又不同于激波在端面反射后与该激波所诱导的边界层之间的干扰现象，而是运动激波与稀疏波和第一激波所诱导的非这常边界层之间的干扰现象，本文对这种现象用微波动力学理论进行分析，并把这种干扰现象看成激波的绕射现象，同时在稀疏波破膜的双驱动激波管中进行实验观察，最后把理论分析与实验观察进行了比较。     

双驱动激波管稀疏波破膜技术研究

本文介绍了在双驱动激波管中运用稀疏波破膜的技术。在以压缩空气和氮气作实验气体的情形下,实验研究了中间段长度、稀疏波强度及中间段B膜的破膜压力（压差）对第二激波追韩第一激波的影响。实验结果表明：中间段的长短,显著地制约着前后两道激波的间隔;稀疏波强度及中间段B膜的破膜压力对稀疏波破膜时间及第二激小对反射稀疏波的追赶有重要影响。     

Principal parametric and three-to-one internal resonances of flexible beams undergoing a large linear motion

A set of nonlinear differential equations is established by using Kane‘s method for the planar oscillation of flexible beams undergoing a large linear motion. In the case of a simply supported slender beam under certain average acceleration of base, the second natural frequency of the beam may approximate the tripled first one so that the condition of 3 : 1 internal resonance of the beam holds true. The method of multiple scales is used to solve directly the nonlinear differential equations and to derive a set of nonlinear modulation equations for the principal parametric resonance of the first mode combined with 3 : 1 internal resonance between the first two modes. Then, the modulation equations are numerically solved to obtain the steady-state response and the stability condition of the beam. The abundant nonlinear dynamic behaviors, such as various types of local bifurcations and chaos that do not appear for linear models, can be observed in the case studies. For a Hopf bifurcation,the 4-dimensional modulation equations are reduced onto the central manifold and the type of Hopf bifurcation is determined. As usual, a limit cycle may undergo a series of period-doubling bifurcations and become a chaotic oscillation at last.     

含三次耦合项的两自由度Duffing系统的共振及混沌行为

研究了一类含三次耦合项的两自由度Duffing系统的动力学行为。首先应用多尺度方法近似求解系统的一阶稳态响应。通过讨论系统的主共振和1∶1内共振,分析了三次耦合项对系统响应的影响。随后研究系统随外加周期力强度变化的分岔过程,发现除了常见的倍周期分岔通向混沌外,还存在一种直接由周期运动进入混沌的突发路径。结合对系统的最大Lyapunov指数,相轨图及Poincar啨映射的分析验证了上述结论。