概率论教学偶得

强大数定律揭示了随机现象的偶然性与必然性之间的关系.本文分享概率论教学的一个偶得，以激发学生兴趣.     

芳基碘化物[聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)]钯(0)催化下的乙烯基化反应

前文报道了聚[(苯乙烯)联吡啶]钯(0)催化剂在芳基碘化物乙烯基化反应中的应用,其催化剂的活性较高,但连续使用三次后,活性明显降低.本文继续报道能用于芳基碘化物乙烯基化反应的高分子负载钯催化剂的合成和应用.据文献报道能用于芳基碘化物乙烯基化的高分子负载钯催化剂,都是通过多步反应将配体导入聚苯乙烯骨架上合成的,操作比较复杂.为了简化催化剂的制备方法,我们探索了用聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)作高分子载体的可能性.将4 乙烯基吡啶与苯乙烯共聚,加入2%二乙烯基苯作交联剂,生成的共聚物用醋酸钯处理后,加氢化铝锂还原,得到每克含钯7.0mg、氮33.7mg的催化剂,并研究了它在芳基碘化物与苯乙烯、丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺的反应中的催化性能.     

常曲率空间关于直交全脐超曲面系的特征性质

Let V_n be Riemannian space of genernal constant curvature.In this paper, we have proved following;Theorem I If a V_n(n≥5 ) admits three mutually orthogonal families oftotally numbilical hypersurfaces such that they are of constant curvature and Einsteinian and of general constant curvature respectively, then V_n is space with constant curvature.Theorem 2 If a V_n ( n ≥ 5 ) admits three mutually orthogonal famities of totally umbilical hypersurfaces, of which one is conformally flat and other two are Einsteinian and of constant curvature respectively, and latter either is of constant meam curvature, then V_n is of constant curvature.     

百叶窗浓缩器气固两相流动的试验研究

本文在以往试验基础上对百叶窗浓缩器进行了更加深入的试验研究，分析了百叶窗结构、气流等因素对浓缩器性能，即浓淡风比、阻力系数、浓缩率三个参数的影响，从而得到了优化的百叶窗结构。     

一类非齐次树上的Shannon-McMillan定理

通过构造适当的辅助鞅差序列,利用鞅差序列的收敛定理给出了一类特殊非齐次树上具有a.e.收敛性质的Shannon-M cM illan定理.     

证券市场内幕交易有信息含量的临界点值推算

中国证券市场内幕交易的同时存在市场操纵行为,使得独立判断内幕交易的信息含量存在困难.为解决判断纯粹内幕交易是否具有信息含量问题,需要确定内幕交易具有信息含量的临界点值.采用我国证券市场内幕交易与操纵样本数据,先在操纵均衡点附近排除市场操纵的影响,然后推算出无消息、无操纵状态下证券随同大盘运动的理论增长路径,在此基础上比较基于内幕信息操纵和理论增长情况,通过设定与理论增长的倍数关系,推算纯粹内幕交易具有信息含量的临界点值:异常收益应大于3%.该值可以解释现有文献认为内幕交易有或没有信息含量的矛盾与争论.应用于中国内幕交易实际情况及与近年国际相关研究文献对照,临界点值得到支持.     

飞秒激光低压镍等离子体光谱的实验研究

分别对低于0.1 MPa的空气和氩气环境气体条件下的飞秒激光镍等离子体光谱进行了实验研究。结果表明,在两种环境气体中,激光镍等离子体光谱均表现为连续谱和原子线状谱的叠加。随着环境气压的降低,由于电子密度的下降,从而使得低压条件下的谱线比高压条件下的谱线具有更好的分辨特性。同时,谱线强度经历了由缓慢增强发展到迅速降低的演化过程。另外,还讨论了环境气体成分对谱线强度的影响。     

Hybrid device for acoustic noise reduction and energy harvesting based on a silicon micro-perforated panel structure

A kind of hybrid device for acoustic noise reduction and vibration energy harvesting based on the silicon micro- perforated panel （MPP） resonant structure is investigated in the article. The critical parts of the device include MPP and energy harvesting membranes. They are all fabricated by means of silicon micro-electro-mechanical systems （MEMS） tech- nology. The silicon MPP has dense and accurate micro-holes. This noise reduction structure has the advantages of wide band and higher absorption coefficients. The vibration energy harvesting part is formed by square piezoelectric membranes arranged in rows. ZnO material is used as it has a good compatibility with the fabrication process. The MPP, piezo- electric membranes, and metal bracket are assembled into a hybrid device with multifunctions. The device exhibits good performances of acoustic noise absorption and acoustic-electric conversion. Its maximum open circuit voltage achieves 69.41 mV.     

基于特征区域下凸点提取的藻类荧光光谱波长选择方法

藻华现象的频繁发生严重影响了海洋环境和人类的生产活动,因此对水体浮游植物的监测十分重要。三维荧光光谱被广泛应用于水体浮游植物中藻类的群落组成分析和浓度定量分析,然而三维荧光光谱数据中的信息冗余给藻类定性定量分析带来了一定的影响。针对光谱信息冗余问题,提出了特征区域积分与凸点提取相结合的三维荧光光谱波长选择方法。以抑食金球藻、细长聚球藻、小球藻为研究对象,采用Savitzky-Golay卷积平滑法对三维荧光光谱进行预处理,解决了因外界因素造成的光谱噪声问题,采用马氏距离法剔除三维荧光光谱数据集中的异常光谱样本,运用浓度残差法剔除三维荧光光谱数据集中的异常浓度值样本,然后通过偏最小二乘回归模型的内部交叉验证均方根误差衡量不同特征区域下凸点的可靠性进行波长变量的选择。为验证波长筛选方法的有效性,对三种藻类建立偏最小二乘回归模型,以内部交叉验证决定系数（R2）、内部交叉验证均方根误差（RMSECV）作为模型评价指标。与全光谱数据建立的回归模型进行了比较,抑食金球藻、小球藻、细长聚球藻的波长变量由全谱的1071个分别减少到77个、75个、67个,R2分别提高了0.016 4,0.002和0.032 4,RMSECV分别降低了1.8×105,2.0×105,2.6×105。与UVE方法相比,抑食金球藻、小球藻、细长聚球藻的波长变量分别减少了599个、357个、317个,R2分别提高了0.014 5,0.000 4和0.012 3,RMSECV分别降低了1.6×105,7.0×104和1.6×105。经过该方法进行波长变量选择后,减少了冗余信息,提高了模型预测能力。     

Generation of Two-Atom Cluster State via Cavity QED

We propose a physical scheme for generating a two-atom cluster state through the simultaneous interaction of two two-level atoms with a single-mode cavity field prepared initially in an odd-coherent state under a large-detuned limit. The influence of the dissipation constant, the intensity of the field and the imperfect manipulation on the preparation scheme are investigated. It is shown that when the intensity of the cavity is large enough, the influence of the cavity decay is ettlciently suppressed. The possible error in the implementation of the cluster state is negligible when the time difference between two atoms crossing the cavity axis is small. It is suggested that the scheme can be realized by current technologies.