共形空间${\mathbb Q}^{n+1}_1$中类空超曲面的拼挤问题

通过对第二共形基本形式的模长平方作拼挤,给出Clifford超柱面的一个共形特征.     

一般状态空间跳过程的不可约性

本文研究了一般状态空间跳过程的ψ-不可约性.利用与马氏链类似的方法,得到了最大不可约测度及其性质,推广了离散时间一般状态空间马氏链的结果,作为应用,给出了C∈E+的充分条件.最后,证明了跳过程、骨架链、跳跃链和预解链的ψ-不可约是等价的.     

Functionalization of bismuth sulfide nanomaterials for their application in cancer theranostics

Multifunctional bismuth sulfide (Bi₂S₃) nanomaterials exhibit significant potential as nanomedicines for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. These nanomaterials act as excellent photothermal agents and radiation sensitizers for the treatment of tumors, and they can also act as contrast agents for computed tomography (CT) imaging, photoacoustic imaging (PA), and other forms of imaging to provide real-time tumor monitoring and testing guidance. Compared with other nanomaterials, Bi₂S₃ nanomaterials can readily adapt to different applications by virtue of the fact that they can be easily functionalized. However, these nanomaterials have some limitations that cannot be ignored and need to be addressed, such as poor biocompatibility, toxicity, and low chemical stability. It is widely believed that appropriate functionalization of Bi₂S₃ nanomaterials could remedy such defects and significantly improve performance. This review summarizes the ways in which Bi₂S₃ nanomaterials can be functionalized and discusses their applications in cancer theranostics over the last few years, focusing particularly on imaging and therapy. We also discuss issues relating to how Bi₂S₃ nanomaterials can be analyzed, including how we might be able to use these systems to inhibit and treat tumors and how current limitations might be overcome to improve treatment efficacy. Finally, we hope to provide inspiration and guidance as to how we might create a more optimized multifunctional nano-system for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.     

Flexible,fatigue resistant,and heat-insulated nanofiber-assembled polyimide aerogels with multifunctionality

Ultralight flexible polymers enable promising application in many fields but are often hindered by low reusability with fatigue failure, weak mechanical stability and low temperature resistance. Here, superelastic polyimide nanofiber aerogels (PNFAs) with high hydrophobicity have been prepared by utilizing the polyamic acid (PAA) nanofibers to construct a continuous and isotropic fibrous architecture. “Fiber-bonding” effect is designed to endow the PNFAs with the structure-derived superelasticity. The results demonstrate that the PNFAs possess ultralight densities (9.7–19.1 mg cm⁻³), excellent absorption capacity (58 times for n-hexane), broad working-temperature range, high resilience after 1000 fatigue cycles at 60% strain, and outstanding thermal insulation performance. Analysis of 50 absorption-harvesting cycle tests reveals that these highly hydrophobic PNFAs possess an ultrahigh reusability. The compressed PNFAs return to their original shape after they are distilled to recover the absorbed pollutants. These PNFAs with high absorption capacity and robust mechanical stability are promising to be applied in a variety of industrial and environmental applications.     

浅谈制药工程专业有机化学实验教学的心得和体会——以三苯甲醇的制备和重结晶实验为例

有机化学实验是制药工程专业的一门必修课,旨在训练学生有机合成基本实验技能。本文以三苯甲醇的制备和重结晶实验为例,讲述了笔者在多年教学中获得的一点感悟和经验:1)将实验步骤分解成片断讲解可以使学生更好地理解和记忆实验过程和操作目的;2)重要的基本操作应反复练习,即"学习、复习、提高",通过三次重复练习来实现巩固和熟练掌握该操作的目的。     

In Situ Pyrolysis Tracking and Real-Time Phase Evolution: From a Binary Zinc Cluster to Supercapacitive Porous Carbon

The in situ tracking of the pyrolysis of a binary molecular cluster [Zn₇(μ₃-CH₃O)₆(L)₆][ZnLCl₂]₂ is presented with one brucite disk and two mononuclear fragments (L=mmimp: 2-methoxy-6-((methylimino)-methyl)phenolate) to porous carbon using TG-MS from 30 to 900 °C. Following up the spilled gas product during the decomposed reaction of zinc cluster along the temperature rising, and in conjunction with XRD, SEM, BET and other materials characterization, where three key steps were observed: 1) cleavage of the bulky external ligand; 2) reduction of ZnO and 3) volatilization of Zn. The real-time-dependent phase-sequential evolution of the remaining products and the processing of pore forming template transformation are proposed simultaneously. The porous carbon structure featuring a uniform nano-sized pore distribution synthesized at 900 °C with the highest surface area of 1644 m² g⁻¹ and pore volume of 0.926 cm³ g⁻¹ exhibits the best known capacitance of 662 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹.     

SAPO-5分子筛的可控合成及晶化过程探索

在非醋酸体系下分别通过动态和静态水热晶化方法合成了SAPO-5分子筛, 并考察了转速、 晶化时间及凝胶体系水硅比对SAPO-5分子筛晶相及形貌的影响, 采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术研究了静态、 动态水热条件下SAPO-5分子筛的晶化过程. 结果表明, 静态水热条件下晶化6 h得到的SAPO-5分子筛为球状、 六边形柱状聚集晶体; 而在20 r/min转速下晶化2和6 h得到的SAPO-5分子筛分别为分散的凹面柱状晶体(凹面直径约6~8 μm)及均一分散的球状晶体(直径为16 μm); 在60 r/min转速下晶化3 h即可得到高度分散的六边形柱状晶体(六边形直径约5~8 μm); 提高转速至100和140 r/min时仅需晶化1 h即可得到六边形柱状晶体. 通过考察体系水硅比(H₂O/Si摩尔比)的影响, 确定最佳的水硅比为70, 此条件下所得晶相为纯相且分子筛的分散度最好. 综上可知, 相较于静态晶化, 动态晶化不仅从形貌上改善了晶体的分散度, 通过缩短晶化时间、 降低晶化转速也提高了SAPO-5分子筛的晶化效率. 本文采用较小的水硅比(H₂O/Si摩尔比为70)、 较低的模板剂用量在非醋酸体系下合成了SAPO-5分子筛, 为SAPO-5分子筛的合成提供了一条更简单、 经济的路线.     

Growth and magnetic properties of single crystalline Ni nanowire arrays prepared by pulse DC electrodeposition

Highly textured Ni nanowire arrays were fabricated into anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) templates by pulse DC electrodeposition.The applied voltage and pH value of electrolytes were found strongly affecting the microstructure and magnetic properties of Ni nanowire arrays.Low applied potential and pH value both prefer to form polycrystalline fcc Ni nanowires.Increasing the applied potential or pH value favors the Ni [220] texture and even eventually forms the [220] oriented single crystal Ni wires,while exorbitan...     

LARGE DEVIATIONS AND MODERATE DEVIATIONS FOR SUMS OF NEGATIVELY DEPENDENT RANDOM VARIABLES

In this article, we obtain the large deviations and moderate deviations for negatively dependent (ND) and non-identically distributed random variables defined on (-∞, +∞). The results show that for some non-identical random variables, precise large deviations and moderate deviations remain insensitive to negative dependence structure.