Research on Inference of Candidate Database Web Surveys Based on Superpopulation Pseudo Design and the Combined Sample

How to solve the inference problem of candidate database web surveys is an urgent problem to be solved in the development of web survey. In order to solve this problem, the inference method of non-probability sampling based on superpopulation pseudo design and the combined sample is proposed. A superpopulation model is firstly built up to construct pseudo weights for a survey sample of the web candidate database. The estimator of the population mean is then computed according to the combined sample composed of the survey sample of the web candidate database and a probability sample. The variance estimator of the population mean estimator is lastly derived according to the variance estimation theory of the superpopulation model. The Bootstrap and Jackknife methods are also used to compute the variance estimator. And all these variance estimation methods are compared. The research results show that the population mean estimator based on superpopulation pseudo design and the combined sample is better, and has higher efficiency than the estimator only using the probability sample and the weighted estimator only using the survey sample of the web candidate database. The variance estimator computed by using the VM1, VM2 and VM3 method are relatively better.     

Automorphisms of Extensions of ℚ by a Direct Sum of Finitely Many Copies of ℚ

Let G be an extension of ℚ by a direct sum of r copies of ℚ. (1) If G is abelian, then G is a direct sum of r + 1 copies of ℚ and AutG ≅ GL(r + 1, Q); (2) If G is non-abelian, then G is a direct product of an extraspecial ℚ-group E and m copies of ℚ, where E/ζE is a linear space over Q with dimension 2n and m + 2n = r. Furthermore, let AutG′G be the normal subgroup of AutG consisting of all elements of AutG which act trivially on the derived subgroup G′ of G, and AutG/ζG,ζGG be the normal subgroup of AutG consisting of all central automorphisms of G which also act trivially on the center ζG of G. Then (i) The extension 1 → AutG′G → AutG → AutG′ → 1 is split; (ii) AutG′G/AutG/ζG,ζGG ≅ Sp(2n,Q) × (GL(m, Q) ⋉ ℚ(m)); (iii) AutG/ζG,ζGG/InnG ≅ ℚ(2nm).     

A novel controllable synthesis of silica nanotube arrays with ultraviolet photoluminescence

The synthesis of large-scale one-dimensional silica nanotube (SNT) arrays embedded in Si substrate is demonstrated by using the combination of AAO template mask and Ar ion milling technique. The geometry of the SNTs could be precisely controlled by the process parameters, which included that the SNT diameter and the interpore distance were controlled by AAO anodization voltage and H₃PO₄ pore widening time, while the length of SNT was controlled by ion milling time and AAO aspect ratio. Also, the SNT fabrication parameters could be related to their photoluminescence (PL) emitting properties, when anodized at 40 V, pore widening in H₃PO₄ acid for 70 min and ion milled for 5 min, a strong intensity and stable ultraviolet (UV) light of 3.25 eV (381 nm) emitted from the SNTs under the excitation of 266 nm laser, which could be assumed arising from twofold coordinated silicon lone pair centers in the oxygen deficiency SNTs. The present fabrication of SNT arrays presents a novel method for intensity and frequency adjustable ultraviolet optoelectronic devices.     

高效液相色谱法测定痹祺胶囊中马钱子碱、士的宁和丹酚酸B

建立了同时测定痹祺胶囊中马钱子碱、士的宁和丹酚酸B含量的方法.采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Inertsil ODS-3(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相:V(乙腈): V(10 mmol/L己烷磺酸钠的磷酸盐缓冲液,pH 2.86)=22: 78;流速: 1.0 mL/min;检测波长: 254 nm;柱温:25 ℃.马钱子碱、士的宁和丹酚酸B的线性范围分别为2.7～32 mg/L(r=0.9998)、2.6～31 mg/L(r=0.9999)和12.7～151 mg/L(r=0 9991);平均加样回收率(n=6)分别为99.3%、95.6%和98.9%;RSD分别为2.30%、3.68%和1.82%.本方法简便快捷,结果准确,可用于痹祺胶囊的质量控制.     

A highly efficient capillary electrophoresis-based method for size determination of water-soluble CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots

This paper describes a highly efficient method for size determination of water-soluble CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) by capillary electrophoresis (CE) using polymer additive as sieving medium. The influence of some factors, such as kinds and concentrations of the sieving medium, pH, concentrations of the background electrolyte (BGE) and applied voltage, on the separation of QDs was investigated. Under the optimal separation conditions, four different sized QDs were successfully separated, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the migration times for these QDs was below 1.013%. In addition, an equation was fit by taking into account the correlation existing between the electrophoretic mobilities and the sizes of a set of QDs. The feasibility of this equation to measure the sizes of other QDs was confirmed by comparison with the sizes obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiment. This work offers a novel method for size determination of QDs, and provides an important reference on the study of QDs based on CE.     

Study on the Langmuir aggregation of fluorinated surfactants on protein

The microphase adsorption-spectral correction (MPASC) technique was described and applied to the study of the interactions of fluorinated surfactants such as potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and potassium perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) with human serum albumin (HSA). Sodium octanesulfonate (SOS) was also studied as non-fluorinated surfactant. The aggregation of PFOS, PFBS and SOS obeys the Langmuir monolayer adsorption. The results show that the adsorption ratios of surfactants to HSA are PFOS:HSA = 120:1, PFBS:HSA = 205:1 and SOS:HSA = 18:1. The adsorption constants are K_PFOS-HSA = 5.01 × 10³, K_PFBS-HSA = 9.79 × 10² and K_SOS-HSA = 4.03 × 10³. The detection limits are 2.7 mg/L for BSA using PFOS, 3.1 mg/L using PFBS and 3.1 mg/L using SOS. It was found that fluorinated surfactant exhibited stronger interaction with protein than hydrogenated one, and fluorinated surfactant with long hydrophobic chain exhibited stronger interaction with protein than that with short hydrophobic chain.     

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography as an efficient and sensitive technique for simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol in honey

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-variable wavelength detector (HPLC-VWD) was developed for extraction and determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) and thiamphenicol (THA) in honey. In this extraction method, 1.0 mL of acetonitrile (as dispersive solvent) containing 30 μL 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (as extraction solution) was rapidly injected by syringe into a 5.00-mL water sample containing the analytes, thereby forming a cloudy solution. After extraction, phase separation was performed by centrifugation and the enriched analytes in the sedimented phase were determined by HPLC-VWD. Some important parameters, such as the nature and volume of extraction solvent and dispersive solvent, extraction time, sample solution pH, sample volume and salt effect were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum extraction condition, the method yields a linear calibration curve in the concentration range from 3 to 2000 μg kg⁻¹ for target analytes. The enrichment factors for CAP and THA were 68.2 and 87.9, and the limits of detection (S/N = 3) were 0.6 and 0.1 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for the extraction of 10 μg kg⁻¹ of CAP and THA were 4.3% and 6.2% (n = 6). The main advantages of DLLME-HPLC method are simplicity of operation, rapidity, low cost, high enrichment factor, high recovery, good repeatability and extraction solvent volume at microliter level. Honey samples were successfully analyzed using the proposed method.     

微波辅助有机过氧化物功能化修饰单壁碳纳米管

本文报道了微波辅助下,利用过氧化月桂酰分解得到的十一烷基,化学功能化修饰单壁碳纳米管。这种快速、高效的方法将反应时间缩短至10分钟,并得到了比传统回流方法具有更高接枝率的产物。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),热失重分析(TGA),拉曼光谱,探究了不同的反应时间和微波功率对单壁碳纳米管的接枝率的影响。结果表明：过长的反应时间会导致部分的去功能化的发生,而过高的微波功率(大于900瓦),则会将单壁碳纳米管上起初键连上的十一烷基剥落下来。分散性照片和高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)照片显示出,功能化后的单壁碳纳米管与原始的碳管相比,在有机溶剂中的分散性有了明显的提高。     

Pressure and temperature dependence of optical phonons in La0.75Ca0.25MnO3

We present the results of extensive studies on Raman and infrared active phonons in the La_0.75Ca_0.25MnO₃ manganite over a wide temperature (100–320 K) and pressure (0–14 GPa) range. The analysis of the temperature dependent data allows to identify a clear spectroscopic signature of the insulator to metal transition. Indeed the abrupt reduction of the effective electron–phonon interaction on entering the metallic phase determines a change in slope in the temperature dependence of the Jahn–Teller phonon line width. The analysis of the pressure dependent data shows that the octahedral Jahn–Teller distortion, and consequently the electron–phonon interaction, is strongly reduced only in the low-pressure regime. At very high pressure, the onset of a pressure-activated localizing mechanism efficiently contrasts the natural delocalizing tendency of pressure. We finally guess that this effect could be attributed to charge-localizing antiferromagnetic interactions activated by the strong lattice compression.     

二元混合体系Gemini表面活性剂G12-6-12和CTAB相互作用的NMR研究

运用NMR方法探讨了298 K时N,N'-双(十二烷基二甲基)-1,6-己烷溴化铵(G12-6-12)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)在D₂O溶液中的相互作用. 测得G12-6-12和CTAB的临界胶束浓度cmc值分别约为0.773和0.668 mmol/L. 在不同G12-6-12摩尔分数下,混合体系的临界胶束浓度实验值cmc_*小于理想值CMC^*,相互作用参数β_M<0,但是当α≤0.3时,cmc^*比CMC^*小很多,同时 满足|β_M|>ln(cmc₁/cmc₂)条件. 表明G12-6-12和CTAB之间存在协同效应,可以形成混合胶束,在2D NOESY谱中可以看到G12-6-12与CTAB分子间的交叉峰,扩散实验也表明混合溶液中的胶束半径比纯溶液中的G12-6-12胶束半径大,都预示混合胶束的形成. 当α>0.3 时,cmc^*≈CMC^*,β_M≈0, 根据假相分离模型和规则溶液理论,G12-6-12和CTAB近似于理想混合.