TiO2-Al2O3的水热法合成及其负载的NiMoP催化剂上FCC柴油加氢脱硫性能

采用水热法制备了复合氧化物TiO2-Al2O3,研究了水热温度、反应物浓度、聚乙二醇(PEG)平均分子量和浓度对所制样品结构和织构性质的影响,并用X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、热重-差热分析、NH3程序升温脱附、吸附吡啶的红外光谱和程序升温还原技术对TiO2-Al2O3及其负载的NiMoP催化剂进行了表征,在中压固定床微反装置上考察了催化剂上FCC柴油的加氢脱硫性能.结果表明,随着水热温度、反应物浓度、PEG分子量和浓度的提高,所制TiO2-Al2O3复合氧化物的比表面积和孔体积均有所提高,在优化的制备条件下分别可高达266m2/g和0.58cm3/g,其负载的NiMoP催化剂的比表面积也高达175m2/g,且其酸性较弱,以L酸为主.由于NiMoP/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂中TiO2的存在降低了活性组分与载体间的强相互作用,使其催化FCC柴油加氢脱硫活性比NiMoP/Al2O3催化剂的高.     

激光加速电子束放射照相的模拟研究

激光加速产生高能量电子束具有源尺寸小、准单能、脉宽窄等特征.通过蒙特卡罗程序模拟研究了高能电子束的放射照相.模拟了200 MeV准直电子束照射台阶靶、厚铁靶,11 MeV点源电子束照射惯性约束聚变模型靶,以及70 MeV点源电子束在激光等离子体磁场下的偏转.结果表明激光加速电子束在探伤厚材料内部、确认薄材料界面、测量电磁场等诊断中具有高时空分辨、灵敏等能力.     

飞秒激光与薄膜Cu靶作用时质子能谱实验

采用飞秒激光辐照固体薄膜Cu靶的方式对质子束的产生及质子束能谱开展了实验研究。在SILEX-Ⅰ飞秒激光装置上,保持脉宽为30 fs不变,测量了不同激光能量和功率密度下辐照7 m Cu靶时的质子能谱。研究结果表明:质子沿着靶背法线方向发射,质子在一定能量处出现截断;随着质子束能量的增加,质子束流减小;轰击厚为7 m的Cu靶时,激光能量越大则质子束流越强;随着激光功率密度的增加,质子截止能也随之增加。     

集成双波导半导体光放大器光开关实现波长转换的理论研究

建立了基于集成双波导半导体光放大器的光开关(ITG-SOA-Switch)的理论分析模型.与半导体光放大器(SOA)的特性相比较表明，由于ITG-SOA-Switch合并了多种物理效应，故其静态增益饱和曲线在饱和功率点附近具有大幅度陡峭下降的独特性质.理论分析和10 Gbit/s波长转换模拟结果显示，恰当地选择输入抽运光的功率范围，ITG-SOA-Switch波长转换器输出转换光的消光比特性较之输入抽运光会有显著的改善. 关键词： 波长转换 半导体光放大器 集成双波导半导体光放大器 光开关     

拍瓦激光与铜靶作用产生光核中子的数值模拟研究

激光驱动中子源由于中子通量高、短脉冲等特点受到广泛关注。通过辐射流体动力学、粒子动力学和蒙特卡罗三种数值模拟程序的组合使用,对超短强激光与铜靶作用产生光核中子进行了全物理过程模拟。首先使用辐射流体动力学程序获得激光预脉冲产生的预等离子体密度分布,然后将预等离子体输入粒子动力学程序获得超短强激光主脉冲产生的超热电子信息,最后将超热电子输入蒙特卡罗程序得到光核中子。模拟获得了光核中子的产额、能谱和角分布信息,发现采用强度1022 W/cm2激光、直径和厚度均为4 cm的Cu圆柱靶,可以获得产额为1.2108/J的光核中子。     

Heavy-Tailed Statistics in Short-Message Communication

Short-message （SM） is one of the most frequently used communication channels in modern society. Based on the SM communication records provided by some volunteers, we investigate the statistics of SM communication pattern, including the inter-event time distributions between two consecutive short messages and two conversations, and the distribution of message number contained in a complete conversation. In the individual level, the empirical result raises strong evidence that the human activity pattern, exhibiting a heavy-tailed inter-event time distribution, is driven by a non-Poisson process.     

基于SOA光纤环镜的NRZ信号时钟分量提取的数值模拟

采用半导体光放大器(Semiconductor Optical Amplifier, SOA)的分段模型,对基于SOA光纤环镜的非归零 (Non-Return-to-Zero, NRZ)信号时钟分量提取进行了数值模拟.SOA光纤环镜可以将NRZ信号转化为包含其时钟分量的伪归零(Pseudo-Return-to-Zero, PRZ)信号给出了2.5Gb/s下的模拟计算结果,并与实验结果进行了比较,进一步给出了10Gb/s下的模拟计算结果.     

超短超强激光在稀薄等离子体中的自聚焦传输

 开展超短超强激光与次稠密等离子体相互作用实验,采用探针光对激光等离子体相互作用区域进行阴影成像,研究了不同激光功率与临界功率比值及不同激光脉冲长度与等离子体波波长比值下的激光在次稠密等离子体中的自聚焦传输。结果表明:相对论效应是超短脉冲在次稠密等离子体中的主要自聚焦机制,激光功率与临界功率比值是影响超短脉冲在次稠密等离子体中形成自聚焦的关键条件。     

Detailed calibration of the PI-LCX:1300 high performance single photon counting hard x-ray CCD camera

X-ray charge-coupled-device(CCD) camera working in single photon counting mode is a type of x-ray spectrometer with high-sensitivity and superior signal-to-noise performance. In this study, two single photon counting CCD cameras with the same mode(model: PI-LCX: 1300) are calibrated with quasi-monochromatic x-rays from radioactive sources and a conventional x-ray tube. The details of the CCD response to x-rays are analyzed by using a computer program of multi-pixel analyzing and event-distinguishing capability. The detection efficiency, energy resolution, fraction of multi-pixel events each as a function of x-ray energy, and consistence of two CCD cameras are obtained. The calibrated detection efficiency is consistent with the detection efficiency from Monte Carlo calculations with XOP program. When the multi-pixel event analysis is applied, the CCDs may be used to measure x-rays up to 60 ke V with good energy resolution(E /?E ≈ 100 at60 ke V). The difference in detection efficiency between two CCD cameras is small(5.6% at 5.89 ke V), but the difference in fraction of the single pixel event between them is much larger(25% at 8.04 ke V). The obtained small relative error of detection efficiency(2.4% at 5.89 ke V) makes the high accurate measurement of x-ray yield possible in the laser plasma interaction studies. Based on the discrete calibration results, the calculated detection efficiency with XOP can be used for the whole range of 5 ke V–30 ke V.     

多子空间投影分解法及收敛特性分析

提出一种求解大型区域上电磁场边值问题的多子空间投影分解法,证明其具有几何的收敛速度,并且从理论上分析影响收敛速度的主要因素及收敛特性.该方法非常适合求解多枝区域上的问题,实际算例和理论分析完全一致.结果表明子区域间的连接边界越短,其收敛速度越快,且收敛速度主要取决于子区域间的关联网格点的个数.