常微分方程技术及其在固体力学计算中的应用

常微分方程(ODE——Ordinary Differential Equation)边值问题的最新计算求解技术的迅速发展推出了一批高质高效的通用软件,而工程中大量的ODE问题并非呈现为这些求解器(Solver)所接受的标准形式。然而,运用一些简单的ODE变换技巧可以将大量的不同类型的特殊问题转化为标准形式。本文列举了若干常用的变换技巧,并广泛地应用于各种固体力学问题的计算中,使大量的ODE问题在形式上得到统一,得以用标准的ODE Solver方便有效地求解。     

常幅、程序和随机三种不同载荷下的平台用钢的表面裂纹扩展规律及比较

本文使用导管架平台所用的材料 A537研究表面裂纹在常幅、程序和随机三种不同载荷下的疲劳裂纹扩展规律、以及对它们的影响,并把它们的寿命进行比较,找出裂纹形状变化的规律,探索把常幅加载疲劳裂纹扩展数据用于平台疲劳寿命估算的可能性.     

车-桥系统耦合振动响应的简便计算

依据振动理论推导出了二自由度模型车辆与桥梁系统竖向耦合振动微分方程，采用模态分析的离散化方法，将复杂的偏微分方程问题转化为变系数常微分方程问题，并将微分方程数值积分的Runge-Kutta方法引入到该时变系统的振动响应计算中，使复杂的耦合响应问题得到简便的解决。通过算例验证了该方法的有效性和简便性。该方法只需要直接数值积分，具有公式简单，编程方便，计算速度快等优点，特别适合于工程实际问题的计算，并且不仅适用于匀速运动车辆，也适用于变速运动车辆。     

UPWIND LOCAL DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE METHOD FOR SOLVING COUPLED VISCOUS FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER EQUATIONS

The differential quadrature method (DQM) has been applied successfully to solve numerically many problems in the fluid mechanics. But it is only limited to the flow problems in regular regions. At the same time, here is no upwind mechanism to deal with the convective property of the fluid flow in traditional DQ method. A local differential quadrature method owning upwind mechanism (ULDQM) was given to solve the coupled problem of incompressible viscous flow and heat transfer in an irregular region. For the problem of flow past a contraction channel whose boundary does not parallel to coordinate direction, the satisfactory numerical solutions were obtained by using ULDQM with a few grid points. The numerical results show that the ULDQM possesses advantages including well convergence, less computational workload and storage as compared with the low-order finite difference method.     

Principal parametric and three-to-one internal resonances of flexible beams undergoing a large linear motion

A set of nonlinear differential equations is established by using Kane‘s method for the planar oscillation of flexible beams undergoing a large linear motion. In the case of a simply supported slender beam under certain average acceleration of base, the second natural frequency of the beam may approximate the tripled first one so that the condition of 3 : 1 internal resonance of the beam holds true. The method of multiple scales is used to solve directly the nonlinear differential equations and to derive a set of nonlinear modulation equations for the principal parametric resonance of the first mode combined with 3 : 1 internal resonance between the first two modes. Then, the modulation equations are numerically solved to obtain the steady-state response and the stability condition of the beam. The abundant nonlinear dynamic behaviors, such as various types of local bifurcations and chaos that do not appear for linear models, can be observed in the case studies. For a Hopf bifurcation,the 4-dimensional modulation equations are reduced onto the central manifold and the type of Hopf bifurcation is determined. As usual, a limit cycle may undergo a series of period-doubling bifurcations and become a chaotic oscillation at last.     

有限宽轴承-转子系统非线性行为研究

利用平均本征值法求得有限宽轴承的油膜力．以刚性Jeffcott转子为研究对象，借助数值积分并结合Poincare映射研究了轴承-转子系统的非线性动力学行为．所得结果为平均本征值法用于同类型的工程实际问题打下了一定的基础．     

一类非均质楔形直杆的振动分析

本文从一类变系数二阶微分方程的一个通解入手,分析了一类非均质楔形直杆的纵向自由振动,得到了这类直杆在一种边界条件下的频率方程和振型函数.     

Homoclinic orbits for some （2＋1）-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger-like equations

Chaos is closely associated with homoclinic orbits in deterministic nonlinear dynamics. In this paper, analytic expressions of homoclinic orbits for some （2＋1）- dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger-like equations are constructed based on Hirota＇s bilinear method, including long wave-short wave resonance interaction equation, generalization of the Zakharov equation, Mel＇nikov equation, and g-Schrodinger equation are constructed based on Hirota＇s bilinear method.     

SELF-ADAPTIVE STRATEGY FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT METHOD BASED ON ELEMENT ENERGY PROJECTION METHOD

Based on the newly-developed element energy projection (EEP) method for computation of super-convergent results in one-dimensional finite element method (FEM), the task of self-adaptive FEM analysis was converted into the task of adaptive piecewise polynomial interpolation. As a result, a satisfactory FEM mesh can be obtained, and further FEM analysis on this mesh would immediately produce an FEM solution which usually satisfies the user specified error tolerance. Even though the error tolerance was not completely satisfied, one or two steps of further local refinements would be sufficient. This strategy was found to be very simple, rapid, cheap and efficient. Taking the elliptical ordinary differential equation of second order as the model problem, the fundamental idea, implementation strategy and detailed algorithm are described. Representative numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.     

理想导体中具有两个松弛时间的电磁热弹性波

研究处于均布磁场中的理想导体的二维电磁热弹性耦合问题，引入势函数使控制方程转化为3个偏微分方程．运用Laplace变换和Fourier变换得到该问题在变换域内的精确表达式，再通过级数展开和Laplace逆变换法求得在时间较短时的逆变换，得到时间-空间域内问题的解．运用此方法研究了表面受到热冲击的半无限空间问题．给出了电磁热弹性波、膨胀波和横向波传播的速度，并通过数值计算，给出了各个场量的分布图．所得结论与已有的结论一致．