高精度干涉仪针孔空间滤波器研制

应用于高重复频率、高功率193 nm准分子激光器会聚光路中的针孔空间滤波器,除了需要考虑它的材料加工难易、厚度、针孔尺寸等因素外,还需考虑材料抗激光损伤特性。本文利用激光损伤理论中一维热流模型对无限厚和有限厚不同金属样品在高峰值功率193 nm 准分子激光器照射下的损伤阈值进行了分析。结果表明：铝材料在厚度为1.2μm处比其它金属的损伤阈值高,可达1.16×1010 W/cm2,且材料易于加工。利用聚焦离子束技术加工了航空铝材料样品,得到了厚度为1.2和1.5μm的针孔空间滤波器样品。扫描电镜观察其具有较好圆度和内壁粗糙度,基本满足剪切干涉仪对针孔空间滤波器的需求。     

超光谱成像仪图像均匀性校正

为获得高质量新型超光谱成像仪图像,根据新型超光谱成像仪图像特点,对其图像均匀性校正进行研究。利用转台旋转模拟超光谱成像仪对地面推扫,对景物成像获得超光谱成像仪三维数据;采用太阳作为新型超光谱成像仪图像均匀性校正光源,应用相应校正系数对超光谱成像仪的数据进行处理。结果表明：所采用校正方法对新型超光谱成像仪具有很好校正效果,同时也验证了新型成像光谱仪具有较高成像质量;单像元校正时间为2×10-6s,大数据量图像校正需较长时间;利用太阳照射漫反射板作为扩展源对亮度均匀物体图像进行校正,校正均匀性小于4%。     

中国八个城市居民食品摄入量与胃癌死亡率的对应分析

为探讨食品摄入量及胃癌死亡率与中国部分城市之间的关系,用对应分析方法对食品摄入量及胃癌死亡率与中国部分城市之间的关系进行分析.对应分析将8个城市16项食品摄入量及胃癌死亡率分成四个点群:点群族I城市包括上海、南京、苏州,食品包括大米、豆制品、绿色蔬菜、咸菜、猪肉、鱼虾类、绽粉类;点群族II城市包括北京、天津、西安,食品包括面粉、浅色蔬菜、水果、乳类、植物油;点群族III城市包括长春,食品包括干豆类、蛋类;点群族IV城市包括沈阳,食品包括薯类.说明中国部分城市与胃癌死亡率存在地区性差异,饮食中应减少精制米类及食盐的摄入,而增加面类和植物油的摄入.     

Effect of pressure evolution on the formation enhancement in dual interacting vortex rings

In the biological locomotion, the ambit pressure is of particular importance to use as a means of propulsion. The multiple vortex rings have been proved to generate additional thrust by interaction, but the mechanism of this thrust enhancement is still unknown. This study examines the effect of ambit pressure on formation enhancement in interacting dual vortex rings. The vortex rings, which have the same formation time, are successively generated in a piston-cylinder apparatus. The finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) visualizes the flow fields as an indication of Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs), and the pressure field is calculated based on the digital particle image velocity (DPIV). We extract the back pressure of the rear vortex in dual vortices and the back pressure circulation $\varGamma_{\rm b}$, which is defined as a form of overpressure circulation $\varGamma_{\rm p}$. The $\varGamma_{\rm b}$ has a positive linear relationship with $\varGamma_{\rm p}$. A critical interval distance $d_{\rm cr}^*$ in a range of 0.32-0.42 is found where $\varGamma_{\rm b}$ and $\varGamma_{\rm p}$ reach the maximum synchronously, leading to a full-interaction mode. Moreover, an over-interaction mode and an under-interaction mode are proposed when the dimensionless interval distance $d^*$ is smaller or larger than $d_{\rm cr}^*$. To conclude, the high back pressure caused by vortex interaction can enhance the formation of vortex rings and lead to high thrust.     

测定葡萄糖的简易分光光度法

研究发现葡萄糖与磷钼杂多酸反应 ,能生成有色产物 ,它的最大吸收波长是 690 nm,吸光度与葡萄糖的质量浓度呈线性关系 ,检出限为 2× 1 0 -5mol/L。本法已用于测定葡萄糖注射液中的葡萄糖含量。     

啁啾脉冲对氢分子离子解离动力学的影响北大核心CSCD

本文通过数值求解一维含时薛定谔方程,理论研究了超短啁啾脉冲(5fs,790nm)对处于低振动态氢分子离子解离动力学的影响.研究过程中有效利用流算符的方法得到不同激光强度下的解离几率及核波包密度分布.结果表明:低强度的啁啾脉冲可显著增强低振动态氢分子离子的解离过程,使解离过程提前发生并在较短的时间内获得较多的解离产物,并给出相应的理论解释.     

单扫描极谱法测定环境水中的微量砷

提出了在饱和酒石酸/酒石酸锑钾(8.0 mg/L)/硒(Ⅳ)(0.40 mg/L) 底液中,单扫描极谱法于原点电位-0.5V(vs.SCE)起扫,在峰电位为-0.87V(vs.SCE)测定砷的方法,线性范围为0.08~12.0 g/mL;最低检出浓度0.06 g/mL。该法简捷快速,可满足环境水样分析的要求。     

Study of the PIN detector's radiation tolerance

PIN detectors have been extensively used to detect charged particles and X-ray. The new type PIN detectors were irradiated by different energy protons, and their irradiation tolerance was investigated. Relative charge collection efficiency, energy spectrometer and relative energy resolution were also measured. With the increasing of irradiation dose, charge collection efficiency decreased and relative energy resolution grown. The results suggested that the irradiation tolerance in the PIN detector depended on the range of the protons in the detector. The maximum tolerance irradiation doses of the detector for the impacts of 3.5 and 7.2 MeV protons were 3×10¹⁰p/cm² and 7.2×10⁹p/cm², respectively.     

像元光敏宽度对干涉成像仪复原光谱幅值的影响

推导出了静态干涉成像光谱仪的探测器阵列采样空间调制干涉图的实际数学表达式,由此进一步推导出了含像元光敏宽度的复原光谱幅值的一般表达式。分析结果表明,当像元间距一定时,光敏宽度对复原光谱幅值存在影响。对于确定的光敏宽度,随着波数的变长,复原光谱幅值所受到的影响逐渐增大;对于确定的波数,随着光敏宽度的变宽,复原光谱幅值所受到的影响逐步增大。     

波叠加法在结构辐射声功率计算中的应用

描述了用波叠加法来计算任意形状辐射体的辐射声功率的方法。该方法在给定辐射体表面的振动速度后就可求解辐射源的强度,进而求解辐射体表面声功率。文中以脉动球源的辐射问题为列,讨论了波叠加法在应用过程中对单元、节点数目以及单元形状的敏感性。通过将该方法计算结果与解析结果进行对比表明,运用此方法在保证较高精度的前提下能明显减少计算所需的单元节点数,从而节省时间提高计算效率。