土壤干旱对后生育期小麦叶片电阻抗图谱的影响

本文采用盆栽试验,测定了在适宜水分、中度干旱和严重干旱3个水分条件下,分属于旱地、水地和旱肥3种不同抗旱类型的5个品种的小麦叶片在42个频率下的电阻和电抗,得到了小麦叶片在不同水分状态的电阻抗图谱.研究表明:小麦叶片的电阻抗图谱为一个单一的弧,并且有一个凹陷中心.随着水分状态的不同,图谱的波幅和特征频率的数值有明显的规律.随着土壤干旱程度的增加,叶片图谱的特征频率多数表现为增加.但波幅在不同抗旱类型中的变化不一致,其中旱地品种的波幅在受到干旱胁迫后表现为持续增加,旱肥型品种的波幅表现为在中度干旱下略有减小,在严重干旱下又增加的变化趋势.水地品种的波幅表现为在中度干旱下增加,在严重干旱时又明显回落的趋势.这种抗旱性小同的小麦叶片在不同的水分状态的电阻抗图谱的波幅的变化趋势差异对于小麦的抗旱性研究具有一定的参考价值.     

Superior tribological properties of an amorphous carbon film with a graphite-like structure

Amorphous carbon films with high sp² concentrations are deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputtering with a narrow range of substrate bias voltage. Field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEMs), high resolution transmission electron microscopes (HRTEMs), atomic force microscopes (AFMs), the Raman spectrometers, nano-indentation, and tribometers are subsequently used to characterize the microstructures and the properties of the resulting films. It is found that the present films are dominated by the sp² sites. However, the films demonstrate a moderate hardness together with a low internal stress. The high hardness of the deposited film originates from the crosslinking of the sp² clusters by the sp³ sites. The presence of the graphite-like clusters in the film structure may be responsible for the low internal stress. What is more important is that the resulting films show excellent tribological properties with high load capacity and excellent wear resistance in humid atmospheres. The relationship between the microstructure determined by the deposition condition and the film characteristic is discussed in detail.     

Development of mean-field electrical double layer theory

In order to understand the electric interfacial behavior, mean field based electric double layer(EDL) theory has been continuously developed over the past 150 years. In this article, we briefly review the development of the EDL model, from the dimensionless Gouy–Chapman model to the symmetric Bikerman–Freise model, and finally toward size-asymmetric mean field theory models. We provide the general derivations within the framework of Helmholtz free energy of the lattice–gas model, and it can be seen that the above-mentioned models are consistent in the sense that the interconversion among them can be achieved by reducing the basic assumptions.     

浅谈无机化学原理与教学实例、趣味实验、元素无机化学知识点的结合

针对大一学生初学无机化学时面临的理论联系实际能力不足、学习兴趣和实验操作水平较差、学习元素无机化学重死记硬背、轻理解运用等问题,我们提出在无机化学教学过程中,将无机化学原理内容分别与一些生动、具体的教学实例、趣味化学实验、元素无机化学等紧密结合,可以有效解决学生在学习无机化学时遇到的上述困难。     

LiFePO4纳米管的制备与表征

The LiFePO4 nanotubes were successfully fabricated by a sol-gel method with porous anodic aluminum oxide as the template. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the synthe- sized LiFePO4 nanotubes were monodispersed and parallel to one another. Selected area electron diffraction pattern, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations jointly demonstrated that the synthesized LiFePO4 nanotubes were pure olivine structure. This approach offered a potentially way for fabricating ordered LiFePO4 nanotubes at room temperature and ambient conditions, which might be expected to find promising application as a new cathode material in lithium ion battery.     

Superior tribological properties of an amorphous carbon film with a graphite-like structure

Amorphous carbon films with high sp 2 concentrations are deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputtering with a narrow range of substrate bias voltage. Field emission scanning electron microscopes (FESEMs), high resolution transmission electron microscopes (HRTEMs), atomic force microscopes (AFMs), the Raman spectrometers, nano- indentation, and tribometers are subsequently used to characterize the microstructures and the properties of the resulting films. It is found that the present films are dominated by the sp 2 sites. However, the films demonstrate a moderate hardness together with a low internal stress. The high hardness of the deposited film originates from the crosslinking of the sp 2 clusters by the sp 3 sites. The presence of the graphite-like clusters in the film structure may be responsible for the low internal stress. What is more important is that the resulting films show excellent tribological properties with high load capacity and excellent wear resistance in humid atmospheres. The relationship between the microstructure determined by the deposition condition and the film characteristic is discussed in detail.     

假期中顾客以概率p进入的单重休假GI／G／1排队系统的MSP方法

本文考虑了单重休假排队系统,其中在服务员休假中到达的顾客以概率p(0≤p≤1)进入系统,通过采用马尔科夫骨架方法(MSP),得到了队长的瞬时分布.     

3S-7-羟基蜂蜜曲霉素分子的晶体结构

从红树林内生真菌Xylariasp．2508中分离到一个新的蜂蜜曲霉素型化合物3S-7-羟基蜂蜜曲霉素,这是首次从海洋真菌中获得该类结构的化合物并测定其晶体结构．通过核磁共振谱、红外光谱、质谱进行结构鉴定．其单晶经X射线衍射测试表明,该化合物晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P21,化学式为C10H12O5,Mr=212．20．晶胞参数为:a=10．8884(19)(A|。),b=7.2284(13)(A|。),c=13．398(2)(A|。),β=104．217(3)°,V=1022．2(3)(A|。)3,Z=4,Dc=1．379 mg／m3, F(000)=448,μ=0．112 mm-1．结构由直接法解出,用全矩阵最小二乘法修正,最终偏离因子R=0．0498,wR=0．101．该分子由一个苯并吡喃环组成．通过与文献中已知3R-7-羟基蜂蜜曲霉素的熔点及旋光度对照,确定其绝对构型为3S．其初步抑菌实验结果表叫,3S-7-羟批蜂蜜曲霉素菌在每纸片200μg的剂量下对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)没有表现出抑菌活性．     

金冶炼过程中高含量金的容量法测定

高含量金的测定多采用重量法,手续冗长繁复。我们在前人工作的基础上对莫尔盐还原容量法的某些条件如酸度、莫尔盐还原金所需时间及加入量等,以及各种干扰成分的影响和消除方法进行了考察,制定了高含量金(50—200毫克)的容量分析方法。本法操作简便、快速,准确度满足生产要求。实验部分 (一)试剂金标准液:称纯金(99.99％)5.0000克用王水在水浴上加热溶解,加少许20％氯化钠溶液蒸至近干,加8NHCl数毫升