利用VB实现焊接方法的优化设计

对于某种母材和接头形式，当有多种焊接方法可实现焊接时，依据优化设计的思想．建立评价函数．用计算机对焊接方法进行优化设计．本文采用VB编制程序．当用户输入焊缝基本情况和对焊接质量、焊接效率及生产成本的要求时．即可得到最优、次优的几种焊接方法以供用户选择．并可选择打印某方法的焊接工艺卡片．     

Correlation spectroscopy as a tool for detecting losses of ligand elements in laser welding of aluminium alloys

The plasma plume induced during laser welding of metals is a mixture of metal vapour, coming from the vaporised weld pool surface and shielding gas. The influence of the shielding gas on the welded joints quality is not yet well understood and very few investigations, to the best of our knowledge, were addressed to study its role in case of welding of aluminium–magnesium alloys. In this paper we present a study of the dynamics of plasma plume produced in laser welding of 5xxx aluminium alloys by means of correlation spectroscopy. By our results we can correlate the influence of the welding speed, in case of ineffective gas shielding, to the loss of alloying elements. Finally, the results obtained are consistent with the EDX analysis performed in post-processing on the welded joints.     

CO_2焊接短路过渡过程的动态分析─短路液桥的动态变化与力学测算

ＣＯ＿２气体保护焊接是一种高效、节能和低成本的焊接方法，在钢结构焊接生产中得到了广泛的应用。但也存在着诸如：金属飞溅、焊缝成形较差等问题，要解决这些问题，必须首先对ＣＯ＿２焊接过程的电弧形态以及熔滴变化情况从理论上深入分析研究。本文以高速摄影与光线示波器同步进行拍摄，记录了ＣＯ＿２悍接短路过渡中熔滴的长大、缩颈、脱落的全过程以及相对应的电流电压波形。利用影片数据分析处理系统对所得影片及记录波形进行了分析处理，得到了熔滴过渡形成金属液桥爆断瞬间的最大电流值及所受合力的大小。从理论上更进一步研究了短路过渡的机理，建立了短路过渡的模型，这对正确调节焊接工艺规范，保证焊接质量具有重大的指导意义，研究结果表明：在常规短路过渡ＣＯ＿２焊接中，抑制飞溅是提高ＣＯ＿２焊接质量的关键，利用焊接规范来调节短路频率和短路峰值电流是抑制飞溅的主要途径。     

An experimental study on the keyhole shapes in laser deep penetration welding

In this paper, the laser spot diameter and its intensity distribution are measured with a scanning pinhole, and the keyhole shapes are observed using a specially designed setup in laser deep penetration welding of glass GG17. Based on the above experimental results, the effects of the following factors on the keyhole shapes are studied: the laser spot diameter and its intensity distribution, defocus, welding speed and inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption of the plasma.     

Real time estimation of CO2 laser weld quality for automotive industry

Laser welding is one of the most precise welding processes in joining sheet metals. In laser welding, performing real time evaluation of the welding quality is very important to enhance the efficiency of the welding process. In this study, the plasma and spatter, which are generated during laser welding, are measured using UV and IR photodiodes. The factors that influence weld quality are classified into five categories; optimal heat input, slightly low heat input, low heat input, partial joining due to gap mismatch, and nozzle deviation. The data number deviated from reference signals and their standard deviations were also considered to evaluate the qualities. A system was also formulated to perform real time evaluations of the weld quality using a fuzzy multi-feature pattern recognition with the measured signals.     

激光穿透焊的三维数值模拟

本文对激光穿透焊进行了三维数值模拟，除考虑焊接速度影响外，还研究了Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ对流对熔池流动与传热的影响。将三维数值模拟结果与相应的二维模拟结果进行了比较，结果表明，Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ对流对熔池的形成有很大的影响，因此不可忽略。本文还给出了估计激光穿透焊中蒸气孔尺寸与焊接热效率的方法。     

双面电弧焊接的传热模型

将等离子焊接(PAW)电弧和钨极氩弧焊(TIG)电弧串接,相对作用于工件的正反面形成双面电弧焊接(DSAW)系统,可以引导焊接电流沿工件厚度方向流过小孔,补偿等离子电弧穿透工件时消耗的能量,以有效地提高等离子弧的穿透能力.综合考虑影响双面电弧焊接正反面熔池几何形状的力学因素,建立了熔池表面变形的控制方程,以此为基础并采用帖体曲线坐标系建立了DSAW焊接传热的数学模型,分析了DSAW,PAW焊接传热的差异,从传热的角度解释了DSAW焊接熔深增加的原因.焊接工艺实验表明,计算结果与实测结果吻合良好. 关键词： 双面电弧焊接(DSAW) 传热模型 熔池表面变形模型     

CP-MAS C NMR and FT-IR investigation of the degradation reactions of polymer constituents in wood welding

The essential chemical modifications involving the polymeric constituents of wood in friction welding occur in the first 5-6 s slowing down or even stopping afterwards. FT-IR and CP-MAS ¹³C NMR of the welded area of wood have shown dehydration and an apparent increase in the crystallinity of cellulose. A certain level of hemicelluloses degradation occurs, accompanied by the generation of some furfural. Cellulose degradation is instead very slight. Both analytical techniques show an increase in the proportion of lignin in the welding interphase. A proportion of methoxy groups of lignin is de-etherified to phenolic hydroxy groups. Self-condensation of lignin occurs by internal rearrangement with the formation of Ar-Ar and Ar-CH₂-Ar bridges. This progresses throughout the whole process of welding. The formation of C-O-C bridges, although stopping after 6 s welding, at the start of wood carbonisation, also appears to contribute to the increase in cross-linking of the lignin network.     

基于光谱分析的CO_2激光+脉冲GMAW复合焊峰值状态激光能量传输研究

在激光+脉冲GMAW复合焊接过程中,焊丝端部金属熔化产生大量的金属蒸汽,导致等离子体中电子、粒子的扩散现象加剧,使得激光的传输模式和工件对激光能量的吸收率和吸收模式发生变化。基于光谱分析的方法得到了复合焊接峰值状态的电子密度和温度分布,通过高速摄影分析了不同焊接模式下等离子体形态的变化,结合Beer-Lambert吸收定律计算了不同焊接模式下激光的吸收率。结果表明,在复合焊过程中,由于焊丝端部金属被熔化,焊丝的金属蒸汽进入激光等离子体内部,导致激光匙孔上方电子密度进一步提高,等离子体吸收激光能量能力增强,使得激光的传输效率从纯激光焊的94.16%降低到了CO_2激光+脉冲GMAW复合焊的85.84%。     

焊接自动化专业引入机器人离线编程的教学探索

机器人焊接已成为焊接自动化技术现代化的主要标志。文中通过阐述机器人离线编程系统的组成原理和主流软件，认为须在焊接自动化专业构筑起机器人离线编程的相关课程体系，才可将机器人离线编程技术引入焊接自动化专业。以此提升焊接自动化的理论和实践教学，提高学生的职业技能。