超声提取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定毛发中常见毒品及代谢物的含量

建立了超声提取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UHPLC-MS/MS）测定毛发中常见毒品及代谢物含量的方法。称取洗涤（水、二氯甲烷、丙酮依次振荡洗涤各1次）并晾干后的毛发样品40～60 mg,将其剪成约1 mm小段,加入3.2 mm的破碎珠6颗,冷冻破碎5 min;再称取破碎后的毛发样品20 mg,加入1 mL甲醇,于0℃冰水浴中超声提取20 min,上清液用0.25μm有机滤膜过滤,滤液供UHPLC-MS/MS测定。结果显示：O⁶-单乙酰吗啡（6-AM）、吗啡（MOR）、氯胺酮（K粉）、甲基苯丙胺（MAMP）、苯丙胺（AMP）、可卡因（COC）、苯甲酰爱康宁（BZE）、3,4-亚甲双氧甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）、3,4-亚甲双氧苯丙胺（MDA）、3,4-亚甲双氧乙基苯丙胺（MDEA）、可待因（COD）、去甲氯胺酮（NK）、Δ⁹-四氢大麻酚（THC）、大麻二酚（CBD）、大麻酚（CBN）等15种目标物的质量分数在一定范围内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,BZE、THC、CBD、COC、CBN的检出限（3S/N）均为0.001 ng·mg^-1<...     

基于4,7-二噻吩苯并噻二唑和异靛单元的受体-受体共轭聚合物的合成与光伏性质

利用微波协助的Stille缩合聚合反应方法合成了基于双噻吩苯并噻二唑和异靛单元的受体-受体聚合物HFTBT-DA865,并对其热稳定性、光物理性能、电化学性质和本体异质结太阳能电池性能进行了研究.该聚合物易溶于邻二氯苯和邻二甲苯等溶剂,具有优异的溶液加工性能.5%热分解温度为389℃,玻璃化转变温度为168℃,说明其具有较好的热稳定性能.对旋涂速度和温度进行优化,所得太阳能电池器件的光电转换效率为2.28%,开路电压为0.83 V,短路电流为-5.70 mA/cm^2,填充因子为48.9%.电化学性能和密度泛函理论估算结果表明,聚合物与受体材料PC71BM相近的最低未占分子轨道(LUMO)值及其平面性可能是影响光伏性质的重要因素.通过调控共聚单体或优化受体材料,器件性能可进一步提高.对受体-受体(A-A)类聚合物材料太阳能电池性能的研究表明,此类材料是一类潜在的聚合物太阳能电池材料.     

A permanent magnet electron beam spread system used for a low energy electron irradiation accelerator

The development of irradiation processing industry brings about various types of irradiation objects and expands the irradiation requirements for better uniformity and larger areas. This paper proposes an innovative design of a permanent magnet electron beam spread system. By clarifying its operation principles, the author verifies the feasibility of its application in irradiation accelerators for industrial use with the examples of its application in electron accelerators with energy ranging from 300 keV to 1 MeV. Based on the finite element analyses of electromagnetic fields and the charged particle dynamics, the author also conducts a simulation of electron dynamics in magnetic field on a computer. The results indicate that compared with the traditional electron beam scanning system, this system boosts the advantages of a larger spread area, non-power supply, simple structure and low cost, etc., which means it is not only suitable for the irradiation of objects with the shape of tubes, strips and panels, but can also achieve a desirable irradiation performance on irregular constructed objects of large size.     

TFTTP作为阴极缓冲层提高有机薄膜太阳能电池的内建电场和载流子收集效率

采用一种新型的电子传输材料TFTTP作为阴极缓冲层提高基于SubPc/C₆₀异质结的有机薄膜太阳能电池的性能. 通过在有机活性层和金属电极之间加入TFTTP界面层,器件的能量转换效率提高了约30%. 系统研究了器件的二极管特性、光电流特性以及内部的光场分布情况,结果表明,TFTTP阴极缓冲层的引入可以有效地提高器件的内建电场,进而增加电荷转移激子的分离效率. 通过使用TFTTP作为阴极缓冲层,在C₆₀/金属界面形成良好的欧姆接触,降低了界面接触电阻,有利于自由载流子的收集.     

Exciplex elimination in an organic light-emitting diode based on a fluorene derivative by inserting 4,4’-N,N’-dicarbazole-biphenyl into donor/acceptor interface

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) composed of a novel fluorene derivative of 2,3-bis(9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-6,7-difluoroquinoxaline (F2Py) were fabricated, and exciplex emission was observed in the device. To depress the exciplex in an OLED for pure colour light emission, 4, 4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) was inserted as a separator at the donor/acceptor interface. It was found that the device without the CBP layer emitted a green light peaking at 542~nm from the exciplex and a shoulder peak about 430~nm from F2Py. In contrast, the OLED with CBP layer emitted only a blue light peak at about 432~nm from F2Py. Device efficiencies were calculated by a simulative mode in an injection controlled type mechanism, and the results showed that exciplexes yield much lower quantum efficiency than excitons. The device with CBP has a higher power efficiency as no exciplex was present.     

弱测量对四个量子比特量子态的保护

廖湘萍等(Chin.Phys.B 23 020304,2014)指出弱测量和弱测量反转操作可以保护三个量子比特的纠缠,提高保真度.本文将弱测量方法推广至四个量子比特的情况,研究了几种典型四个量子比特量子态的演化.结果表明:在振幅阻尼通道中,弱测量方法能够有效地提高系统量子态的保真度.分析了影响量子态保真度的各种因素,对比了不同量子态的演化特征,划分了量子态保真度提高的敏感区域.最后,对弱测量方法抑制量子态衰减的内在机制做了合理的物理解释.     

Enhancing parameter precision of optimal quantum estimation by quantum screening

We propose a scheme of quantum screening to enhance the parameter-estimation precision in open quantum systems by means of the dynamics of quantum Fisher information.The principle of quantum screening is based on an auxiliary system to inhibit the decoherence processes and erase the excited state to the ground state.By comparing the case without quantum screening,the results show that the dynamics of quantum Fisher information with quantum screening has a larger value during the evolution processes.