Ternary Eutectic Growth in a Highly Undercooled Liquid Alloy

The crystal nucleation and growth mechanism during the formation of Ag42.4 Cu21.6 Sb36 ternary eutectic are investigated under substantial undercoo]ing conditions. The x-ray diffraction analysis shows that the solidified eutectic phases are not invo]ved (Ag) within a wide undercooling range of 6-114 K. This indicates that under high undercooling condition, the phase constitution of Ag-Cu-Sb eutectic is different from that in the equilibrium phase diagram. With the increase of undercoo]ing, the crystalline morpho]ogy of Ag42.4 Cu21.6 Sb36 alloy transforms from the mixed structure of primary θ(Cu2Sb), two pseudobinary eutectics and (ε θ Sb) ternary eutectic into a unique (ε θ Sb) ternary eutectic. The calculated results indicate that θ(Cu2Sb) is the leading nucleating phase among the three eutectic phases. In addition, the growth morpho]ogy of primary ε(Ag3Sb) compound in Ag60Cu6Sb34 alloy exhibits the characteristics of solid solution and its orthorhombic dendrite grows along the (111) directions.     

高温超导电缆液氮流道试验装置的设计计算

为了进行高温超导电缆冷却通道方式的实验比较 ,确定通道的结构形式 ,获得理论计算的试验值 ,为长距离电缆设计提供实验依据 ,建立了高温超导电缆液氮流道试验装置。文中叙述了流道试验装置的设计指标、系统流程、设计概算、试验装置主要设备设计计算以及调试结果等。     

二苯甲酮晶体的过冷熔体生长及性能

本文采用过冷熔体法进行二苯甲酮晶体的生长实验,得到尺寸约为30mm×40mm×60mm的单晶.测定了单晶的光谱透射率、折射率及SHG系数,并与溶液法生长的结果进行比较,发现过冷熔体法生长的二苯甲酮单晶在近紫外到近红外波段具有更为优异的光学特性,适合用作YAG激光倍频晶体,也可用作黄绿波段激光调制器.     

β‘—Gd2（MoO4）3晶体生长中的过冷现象研究

对电阻加热引上法和感应加热引上法生长β‘-Gd2(MoO4)3晶体的实验结果进行了比较，分析了两种方法生长晶体过程中熔体过冷和组分过冷的情况。研究认为组分过冷主要与生长过程中MoO3的挥发，Gd2(MoO4)3熔体的粘度及固液界面的温度梯度有关，并认为感应加热引上法较之电阻加热引上法容易得到优质晶体。     

Rapid Hypoeutectic Growth Within a Highly Undercooled Liquid Under containerless Condition

Rapid hypoeutectic growth from a highly undercooled liquid was accomplished by containerless processing Ni-32% Sb hypoeutectic alloy in a 3m drop tube.The containerless state during the free fall of the droplet produces substantial undercooling up to 350K(0.24TL).The growth mechanism is found to transform from primary α Ni dendrite plus lamellar eutectic to lamellar eutectic and finally to anomalous eutectic if droplet undercooling exceeds the two thresholds of 112K and 242K,respectively.Based on the current eutectic and dendritic growth models,the eutectic coupled zone is calculated and used to explain the growth mechanism transition.Calculations also indicate that the growth of α-Ni primary dendrite was mainly controlled by solute diffusion.     

Transition to Film Boiling in Microgravity： Influence of Subcooling

The transition process to film pool boiling in microgravity is studied experimentally aboard the Chinese recoverable satellite S J-8. A quasi-steady heating method is adopted, in which the heating voltage is controlled to increase exponentially with time. Small, primary bubbles are formed and slid on the surface, which coalesce with each other to form a large coalesced bubble. Two ways are observed for the transition from nucleate to film boiling at different subcoolings. At high subcooling, the coalesced bubble with a smooth surface grows slowly. It is then difficult for the coalesced bubble to cover the whole heater surface, resulting in a special region of transition boiling in which nucleate boiling and local dry areas can coexist. In contrast, strong oscillation of the coalesced bubble surface at low subcooling may cause rewetting of local dry areas and activation of more nucleate sites, resulting in an abrupt transition to film boiling.     

Strong-Superstrong Transition in Glass Transition of Metallic Glass

Dynamic fragility of bulk metallic glass （BMG） of Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 alloy is studied by three-point beam bending methods. The fragility parameter mfor Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 BMG is calculated to be 24.5 at high temperature, which means that the liquid is a ＂strong＂ liquid, while to be 13.4 at low temperature which means that the liquid is a ＂super-strong＂ liquid. The dynamical behavior of Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 BMG in the supercooled region undergoes a strong to super-strong transition. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a strong-to-superstrong transition is found in the metallic glass. Using small angle x-ray scattering experiments, we find that this transition is assumed to be related to a phase separation process in supercooled liquid.     

CO_2亚临界压力区物性的快速计算——基于马丁-侯方程的显式快速计算模型

基于马丁-侯方程,提出二氧化碳亚临界压力区具有统一形式的热力性质和传输特性的显式计算模型。显式形式保证了热物理性质计算的高速性和稳定性;同时所有热物性的计算模型形式统一,便于系统仿真的调用。以REFPROP7的计算结果作为数据源,对环保制冷剂中重要的工质二氧化碳的热物性在压力为三相点压力至临界压力,过热度0—200K,过冷度0—100K的数据范围内进行拟合,并将该计算模型与REFPROP7相应公式的计算结果和计算速度进行对比。对比结果表明,所有快速计算模型的总平均偏差小于0.7%,最大偏差小于12.928%;计算速度较REFPROP7提高了2个数量级。。     

窄缝内汽液两相临界流实验研究

本文实验研究了高过冷水在窄缝内形成的汽液两相临界流动现象,考察了水的泄漏率与容器内压、温度、流道几何尺寸等影响因素之间的关系,给出了一个简单的拟单相流预测关系式,和实验数据的比较表明,该关系式可以较好地预测高过冷水在窄缝内形成的气液两相临界流动现象.     

深过冷Ag-Cu-Ge三元共晶合金的相组成与凝固特征

在Ag_38.5Cu_33.4Ge_28.1三元共晶合金的深过冷实验中，获得的最大过冷度为175 K(0.22T_E). XRD分析表明，不同过冷条件下其共晶组织均由(Ag),(Ge)和η(Cu₃Ge)三相组成. 在小过冷条件下，三个共晶相协同生长，凝固组织粗大.随着过冷度的增大，共晶组织明显细化，(Ge)相与其他两相分离，以初生相方式生长，而(Ag)相与η相始终呈二相层片共晶方式共生生长. 当过冷度超过80 K时，初生相(Ge)由小过冷时的块状转变为具有小面相特征的枝晶方式生长. 部分小面相(Ge)枝晶出现规则的花状，花瓣数介于5—8之间，并且过冷度越大(Ge)相越容易分瓣. 花状(Ge)枝晶的晶体表面为{111}晶面簇，择优生长方向为〈100〉晶向族. 关键词： 三元共晶 晶体形核 深过冷 快速凝固