自制示教板——几种常见传感器的简单应用

人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书《物理·选修3—2》第六章传感器,以单独的章节出现．然而,在新课改、新教材全面普及的同时,实验仪器、设备的补充相对滞后,以致于该章实验教学成为难点．为解决教学中出现的实际问题,笔者在实践中摸索自制一些实验教具,它们具有制作简单、成本低、操作简便的特点．简介如下．     

液体填充光子晶体光纤长周期光栅双谐振温度传感器的设计与优化

本文在正六边形光子晶体光纤长周期光栅包层空气孔中选择性填充液体材料,设计并优化一种高灵敏度长周期光栅双谐振温度传感器。基于模式耦合理论建立光纤光栅传感模型,发现在包层空气孔填充特定折射率液体材料后,同一光栅周期下,模型分别在短波长、长波长处出现透射谐振峰,然后利用全矢量有限元法在完美匹配层边界条件下对模型的温度特性进行了数值分析。结果表明:当包层空气孔中填充磁流体时,随着温度的升高,左峰(短波长处)中心波长蓝移,右峰(长波长处)中心波长红移,且左、右峰间隔随温度变化曲线近似线性,其温度灵敏度为11.40nm/℃;当第一层空气孔中填充折射率温度系数更高的乙醇,其他空气孔中填充磁流体时,左、右峰间隔的温度灵敏度为2.99nm/℃。     

Time–energy high-dimensional one-side device-independent quantum key distribution

Compared with full device-independent quantum key distribution(DI-QKD), one-side device-independent QKD(1s DI-QKD) needs fewer requirements, which is much easier to meet. In this paper, by applying recently developed novel time–energy entropic uncertainty relations, we present a time–energy high-dimensional one-side device-independent quantum key distribution(HD-QKD) and provide the security proof against coherent attacks. Besides, we connect the security with the quantum steering. By numerical simulation, we obtain the secret key rate for Alice's different detection efficiencies. The results show that our protocol can performance much better than the original 1s DI-QKD. Furthermore, we clarify the relation among the secret key rate, Alice's detection efficiency, and the dispersion coefficient. Finally, we simply analyze its performance in the optical fiber channel.     

辨析正交矩阵的特征值

指出关于正交矩阵的特征值的某个命题是错误的,分析了关于该命题的两种错误证明方法,说明了相应的正确结论.     

拉格朗日乘数法求解极值点的讨论

文中对拉格朗日乘数法极值点的求法进行了补充说明.     

InAs自组装量子点GaAs肖特基二极管中的电流输运特性

设计了含有InAs自组装量子点(SAQDs)的新型金属半导体金属隧穿结构,研究了其直流输运特性,观察到了电流迟滞回路现象.这种回路现象是由于紧邻金属肖特基接触的量子点充电和放电引起的,也可以说是由外加电压控制的量子点的单电子过程引起的.分析了量子点总体的充放电特性,量子点中电子在高电场下隧穿出量子点的概率变化决定了量子点的放电过程,而充电过程是由流过量子点层的二极管正向电流决定.理论拟合结果显示充电过程主要由于量子点基态能级俘获电子照成的,激发态对量子点充放电过程只有微弱影响. 关键词： 迟滞现象 自组装量子点 单电子过程     

分析一道线性代数例题的解法

指出某线性代数教材中一道例题的解法存在疏漏之处,分析了其中不够严谨的地方,举例予以说明,并补充完善了原解法,介绍了推广后的相关定理.     

Security of biased BB84 quantum key distribution with finite resource

In the original BB84 quantum key distribution protocol, the states are prepared and measured randomly, which lose the unmatched detection results. To improve the sifting efficiency, biased bases selection BB84 protocol is proposed. Meanwhile, a practical quantum key distribution protocol can only transmit a finite number of signals, resulting in keys of finite length. The previous techniques for finite-key analysis focus mainly on the statistical fluctuations of the error rates and yields of the qubits. However, the prior choice probabilities of the two bases also have fluctuations by taking into account the finite-size effect. In this paper, we discuss the security of biased decoy state BB84 protocol with finite resources by considering all of the statistical fluctuations. The results can be directly used in the experimental realizations.     

Security of a practical semi-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol against collective attacks

Similar to device-independent quantum key distribution(DI-QKD), semi-device-independent quantum key distribution(SDI-QKD) provides secure key distribution without any assumptions about the internal workings of the QKD devices.The only assumption is that the dimension of the Hilbert space is bounded. But SDI-QKD can be implemented in a oneway prepare-and-measure configuration without entanglement compared with DI-QKD. We propose a practical SDI-QKD protocol with four preparation states and three measurement bases by considering the maximal violation of dimension witnesses and specific processes of a QKD protocol. Moreover, we prove the security of the SDI-QKD protocol against collective attacks based on the min-entropy and dimension witnesses. We also show a comparison of the secret key rate between the SDI-QKD protocol and the standard QKD.     

高等数学两道习题的新解法

针对高等数学教材中两道有关向量代数的习题,把求解对象加以整体考虑,相互联系．借助向量运算的定义与性质,及其几何含义．巧妙求解,思考问题角度的不同可以对题目有更多样和全面的认识．更有效地建立知识体系间的渗透结合．使学习更加灵活丰富．