三维结构多金属氧酸盐Ag4H3PTi2W10O40·16H2O的合成与表征

以Keggin型钛取代钨磷酸钾和醋酸银为反应物合成了1个新的多金属氧酸盐Ag4H3PTi2W10O40.16H2O(1),通过X射线单晶衍射分析确定了其晶体结构,通过ICP分析和热重分析确定了其组成,通过红外光谱和固体漫反射光谱表征了其性质.单晶结构分析表明,化合物1属于四方晶系,I4/m空间群,晶胞参数a=b=1.39905(13)nm,c=1.14358(18)nm,V=2.2384(5)nm3,Z=2,R1=0.0550,wR2=0.1590.化合物1中的Ag+均为六配位,每个Ag+同时与3个多阴离子上的2个端氧和4个桥氧配位形成{AgO6}单元,这些{AgO6}将该多阴离子连接成三维网络结构.     

巯基功能化有机硅纳米颗粒修饰金电极的制备及对痕量铅的测定

以3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPTS)为单一硅源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,采用一步简单混合,较方便地制得均匀、小粒径的有机硅纳米颗粒。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对有机硅纳米进行表征,测得粒径约为2.5 nm。通过自组装法将其固定在金电极表面,得到均匀、高巯基含量的有机硅纳米修饰电极。采用方波溶出伏安法(SWV),考察了CTMAB浓度、Bi3+浓度、支持电解质、pH值富集电位及富集时间等参数对铅溶出信号的影响。结果表明:在0.2 mol/L HAc-NaAc(pH 5.0)缓冲溶液中,-1.0V电位下富集10 min,Pb2+溶出峰电流与浓度分别在5.0～500×10-12mol/L;2.5～250×10-9 mol/L和250～1250×10-9 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,最低检出浓度为5.0×10-12mol/L。利用本方法测定了实际水样中铅的含量,并与原子荧光光谱法进行对比,结果一致。     

有机锡9-芴酮-4-甲酸酯的合成、结构及抗癌活性

合成了 3 个有机锡 9-芴酮-4-甲酸酯:三苯基锡 9-芴酮-4-甲酸酯[(C₆H₅)₃Sn(C₁₄H₇O₃)] (1)、三环己基锡 9-芴酮-4-甲酸酯[(C₆H₁₁)₃Sn(C₁₄H₇O₃)] (2)和三(2-甲基-2-苯基丙基)锡 9-芴酮-4-甲酸酯[(C₆H₅C(CH₃)₂CH₂)₃Sn(C₁₄H₇O₃)] (3)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱(¹H、¹³C和 ¹¹⁹Sn)、热重分析进行了表征;用单晶X射线衍射方法测定了化合物的晶体结构,并对其进行了量子化学计算和体外抗癌活性研究。结果显示:化合物1为一维链状结构,中心锡原子为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型;化合物2和3均为单核分子,锡原子均为四配位的畸变四面体构型。化合物对人宫颈癌细(HeLa)、人肝癌细胞(HUH-7)、人非小细胞肺癌细胞(A549)、人肺腺癌细胞(H1975)和人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)都有较好的抑制活性。     

Molecular dynamics simulations on the wet/dry self-latching and electric fields triggered wet/dry transitions between nanosheets: A non-volatile memory nanostructure

We design a nanostructure composing of two nanoscale graphene sheets parallelly immersed in water.Using molecular dynamics simulations,we demonstrate that the wet/dry state between the graphene sheets can be self-latched;moreover,the wet→dry/dry→wet transition takes place when applying an external electric field perpendicular/parallel to the graphene sheets(E;/E;).This structure works like a flash memory device(a non-volatile memory):the stored information(wet and dry states)of the system can be kept spontaneously,and can also be rewritten by external electric fields.On the one hand,when the distance between the two nanosheets is close to a certain distance,the free energy barriers for the transitions dry→wet and wet→dry can be quite large.As a result,the wet and dry states are self-latched.On the other hand,an E;and an E;will respectively increase and decrease the free energy of the water located in-between the two nanosheets.Consequently,the wet→dry and dry→wet transitions are observed.Our results may be useful for designing novel information memory devices.     

Insights into the adsorption of water and oxygen on the cubic CsPbBr3 surfaces: A first-principles study

The degradation mechanism of the all-inorganic perovskite solar cells in the ambient environment remains unclear. In this paper, water and oxygen molecule adsorptions on the all-inorganic perovskite (CsPbBr₃) surface are studied by density-functional theory calculations. In terms of the adsorption energy, the water molecules are more susceptible than the oxygen molecules to be adsorbed on the CsPbBr₃ surface. The water molecules can be adsorbed on both the CsBr- and PbBr-terminated surfaces, but the oxygen molecules tend to be selectively adsorbed on the CsBr-terminated surface instead of the PbBr-terminated one due to the significant adsorption energy difference. While the adsorbed water molecules only contribute deep states, the oxygen molecules introduce interfacial states inside the bandgap of the perovskite, which would significantly impact the chemical and transport properties of the perovskite. Therefore, special attention should be paid to reduce the oxygen concentration in the environment during the device fabrication process so as to improve the stability and performance of the CsPbBr₃-based devices.     

Synthesis, Structure and Topological Analysis of a New Zinc（Ⅱ） Complex [Zn2（bptc）（bpe）（H2O）]n

A novel zinc coordination polymer,[Zn 2 (bptc)(bpe)(H 2 O)] n (1,H 4 bptc=3,3,4,4-benzophenonetetracarboxylate,bpe=1,2-bis(4-pyridyl) ethane),has been prepared under hydrother-mal conditions.The crystal structure is of monoclinic,space group C/2c with a=27.50(2),b=6.207(4),c=16.233(11),β=107.522(14)°,V=2642 (3)3,C 29 H 22 N 2 O 11 Zn 2,M r=705.27,Z=4,D c=1.773 g/cm 3,F(000)=1432,μ=1.887 mm-1,R=0.0421 and wR=0.1049 for 2594 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)).X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis shows that 1 features two-dimensional [Zn 2 (bptc)(H 2 O)] layers,which are further linked by the bpe ligands to give rise to a three-dimensional pillar-layered structure.According to the topology analysis,this framework can be simplified into a (4,6)-connected (4 4 ·6 2)(4 4 ·6 10 ·8) network.     

阴离子交换分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定钛铁矿中的铀、钍

称取过0.074mm筛孔样筛的钛铁矿样品0.10～0.50g置于预先铺垫了粉状焦硫酸钾2g的瓷坩埚中,再加入焦硫酸钾3g,混匀,加盖,置于马弗炉中,温度升至350℃时,摇动坩埚使样品与熔剂均匀接触,继续升温至600℃,熔融1h,除去坩埚盖,继续保持30min。取出坩埚,稍冷却后,加水将熔块溶解并定容至100.0mL。按规定方法对D201型阴离子交换树脂进行预处理后装入交换柱中。经试验,在硫酸浓度为0.01mol·L~(-1),K_2SO_4浓度为0.5mol·L~(-1)的硫酸盐溶液中,铀及钍的硫酸盐阴离子在交换树脂上的交换吸附率均超过98%。据此,在交换柱的储液杯中加入上述硫酸盐溶液20mL后,定量加入样品溶液5.0mL,使溶液逐滴通过交换柱。当溶液滴尽时,用0.01mol·L-1硫酸溶液淋洗树脂2次(每次用5 mL),随即用0.5 mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液14mL及水6mL洗脱吸附于树脂上的铀和钍。收集淋洗液并加水定容至50.0mL,此溶液在仪器工作条件下进行电感耦合等离子体质谱分析,并利用三通活塞在线加入10μg·L~(-1)的铑标准溶液作为内标,在标准模式下选择原子丰度较高的同位素238 U、232 Th、103 Rh进行测定。铀、钍的标准曲线的线性范围均在100μg·L-1以内,检出限(3s)依次为0.029,0.036μg·L~(-1)。对两种元素的测定进行精密度试验,测得相对标准偏差(n=5)值均小于10%。应用本方法测定了4件国家一级标准物质的铀、钍的含量,测定值与认定值基本相符。     

壳聚糖基智能水凝胶的研究进展

壳聚糖是一种天然高分子,含有氨基和羟基等特征基团;水凝胶是一种高分子交联网络体系,具有亲水性,在水中能够溶胀并保持大量水分而不溶解;“智能化”是自发地对外界环境刺激产生响应的一种特性.壳聚糖基智能水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性和可降解性,正倍受广大研究学者的关注.文章综述了近年来关于pH敏感型、温度敏感型以及pH/温度双重敏感型壳聚糖基智能水凝胶的研究概况,介绍了壳聚糖基水凝胶在医学领域如组织工程、药物释放方面的应用并对其未来的发展方向进行了探讨.     

分散液相微萃取/超高效液相色谱－串联质谱法检测猪尿中盐酸赛庚啶残留量的研究

建立了猪尿中盐酸赛庚啶残留量的分散液相微萃取(DLLME)/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱内标检测法。将5 mL猪尿用5%氨水调节至pH 11.0,以三氯甲烷为萃取剂,异丙醇为分散剂,配比为5∶3,组成微萃取体系共2 mL进行分散液相微萃取,4℃下以8 000 r/min高速离心5 min后获得提取液,在50℃下氮气吹干后,经1 mL 0.1%甲酸-乙腈(80∶20)溶解后使用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱检测,以盐酸二苯拉林(Diphenylpyraline,DPP)为内标,正离子电喷雾下多反应监测模式进行分析。结果显示,标准品溶液在0.5～25μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5),方法的检出限为0.05μg/L,定量下限为0.1μg/L。尿样在0.1～5.0μg/L加标范围内的回收率为90.2%～109.7%,RSD不高于8.5%,表明该方法具有较好的准确度与精密度。     

基于改进灰色马尔科夫模型的年降水量预测

通过结合灰色预测和马尔科夫理论的特点,利用新信息优先的思想,提出一种改进的灰色马尔科夫预测模型,首先对序列进行滑动平均处理,然后用无偏GM(1,1)模型拟合系统的发展变化趋势,并以此为基础进行马尔科夫预测,在每一步预测中,不断推陈出新,更新原始数据.实验结果表明,与一般的灰色预测模型相比,其预测准确度尤其是中长期预测准确度得到了较大提高.