四氧化三铁与酸反应的文献考证与实证研究*

针对Fe₃O₄能否与盐酸和硫酸反应的争议,从文献资料考证、化学热力学数据角度进行了论证。以天然磁铁矿、分析纯Fe₃O₄粉末、打印机墨粉3种物质为研究对象,探究了它们与盐酸和硫酸在不同温度、不同浓度条件下的反应情况,验证了Fe₃O₄与盐酸反应存在“氯离子效应”,并获取了符合课堂探究实验时效性要求的反应条件。通过利用针筒和PTEE针式过滤器,可实现快速、灵敏、环保的实验操作。     

Preparation and characterization of rice husk/ferrite composites

<正>A novel ferrite composite using rice husk as substrate has been prepared via high temperature treatment under nitrogen atmosphere.The rice husk substrate consists of porous activated carbon and silica,where spinel ferrite particles with average diameter of 59 nm are distributed.The surface area of the composite is greater than 170 m~2 g~(-1) and the bulk density is less than 0.6 g cm~(-3).Inert atmosphere is indispensable for the synthesis of pure ferrite composites,while different preparation temperatures of above 600℃result in composites with similar structures and morphologies.Due to the presence of ferrite particles,this novel composite shows enhanced adsorption ability for acid orangeⅡ.     

A PDE approach to regularity of solutions to finite horizon optimal switching problems

We study optimal 2-switching and $n$-switching problems and the corresponding system of variational inequalities. We obtain results on the existence of viscosity solutions for the 2-switching problem for various setups when the cost of switching is non-deterministic. For the $n$-switching problem we obtain regularity results for the solutions of the variational inequalities. The solutions are $C^{1,1}$-regular away for the free boundaries of the action sets.     

Long-time evolution of charged grains in plasma under harmonic external force and after being withdrawn

Evolution of the charged grains in a two-dimensional dusty plasma under a spatially harmonic external force,in particular,their long-time behaviors after the force has been withdrawn,is studied by using molecular dynamics simulation.Under an external force and a grain–grain interaction force,initially homogeneously distributed grains can reach a quasistationary state in the form of a disk crystal.After the external force is withdrawn,the disk moves initially with its size and shape nearly unchanged until it rapidly stops moving,and eventually the disk grain rotates like a vortex.The time needed to reach the final state increases with the strength of the initial external force increasing.     

A novel 4H-SiC lateral bipolar junction transistor structure with high voltage and high current gain

In this paper, a novel structure of a 4H-SiC lateral bipolar junction transistor (LBJT) with a base field plate and double RESURF in the drift region is presented. Collector-base junction depletion extension in the base region is restricted by the base field plate. Thin base as well as low base doping of the LBJT therefore can be achieved under the condition of avalanche breakdown. Simulation results show that thin base of 0.32 μm and base doping of 3×1017 cm-3 are obtained, and corresponding current gain is as high as 247 with avalanche breakdown voltage of 3309 V when the drift region length is 30 μm. Besides, an investigation of a 4H-SiC vertical BJT (VBJT) with comparable breakdown voltage (3357 V) shows that the minimum base width of 0.25 μm and base doping as high as 8×1017 cm-3 contribute to a maximum current gain of only 128.     

Finite element simulation of a polycrystalline ferroelectric based on a multidomain single crystal switching model

In this paper, we compute the constitutive behavior of a ferroelectric ceramic by a plane strain finite element model, where each element represents a single grain in the polycrystal. The properties of a grain are described by the microscopic model for switching in multidomain single crystals of ferroelectric materials presented by Huber et al. [J. Mech. Phys. Solids 47 (1999) 1663]. The poling behavior of the polycrystal is obtained by employing the finite element formulation for electromechanical boundary value problems developed by Landis [Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng. 55 (2002) 613]. In particular, we address the influence of the single grain properties and the interaction between grains, respectively.     

Determination of anions in lithium-ion batteries electrolyte by ion chromatography

A sensitive and accurate method based on ion chromatography was established for determination of five lithium salts in lithium-ion batteries electrolytes. Chromatographic analyses were carried out on an anion exchange column at flow rate of 1 m L/min. Under the optimal conditions, five target anions(BF_4~-,PF_6~-, TFSI~-, BOB~-and FSI~-) exhibited satisfactory linearity with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996. The relative standard derivations of the target anions were less than less than 0.94%(n = 7). The limits of detections were in the range of 0.068–0.29 mg/L with average spiked recoveries ranging from 96.8% to 105.1%.     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定大气降水中9种全氟化合物前体物质

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联三重四极杆质谱联用技术,建立了大气降水中9种全氟化合物前体物质的高通量检测方法。使用HLB固相萃取柱富集和净化降水样品中的目标化合物,以HSS T_3色谱柱(100mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)为分析柱,甲醇和水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱。质谱以电喷雾负离子电离,采用多反应监测模式检测。9种目标化合物在0.05~5.00μg/L、0.5~50.0μg/L或5.00~500μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.992 1~0.999 5,方法的检出限为0.05~7.9 ng/L;高、中、低3个添加水平的回收率为76.0%~106%,相对标准偏差为0.72%~13.7%。实验结果表明,该方法灵敏、准确,且具有检测范围广、分析速度快等特点,是一种适用于大气降水样品中全氟化合物前体物质检测分析的方法。     

桑蚕丝素-RGD融合蛋白的固态结构及其细胞粘附性分析

利用基因工程方法把含有短肽RGD的氨基酸序列连接到桑蚕丝素蛋白的结晶序列GAGAGS上, 通过调节DNA的聚合度, 合成了具有[TGRGDSPA(GVPGV)₂GG(GAGAGS)₃AS]_n一级结构、不同分子量大小的桑蚕丝素-RGD融合蛋白, 并且通过在M9培养基中添加[3-¹³C]Ala的方法进行融合蛋白的稳定同位素标记. ¹³C CP/MAS NMR结果显示, 融合蛋白中的GAGAGS部分具有与天然桑蚕丝素结晶部分相同的分子结构, 即Silk I处理后为均一的分子结构, 而Silk II处理后为不均一的分子结构, 它包含了三种不同的结构成分. 另一方面, 通过对小鼠成纤维细胞BALB/3T3在不同蛋白材料载体上的粘附和增殖性能的测定结果显示, 融合蛋白对细胞的增殖性能与天然胶原蛋白相近, 但表现出了比胶原蛋白更好的细胞粘附性能. 该研究结果显示, 如果对该桑蚕丝素-RGD融合蛋白进行适当加工, 可能适合于组织工程支架材料的应用.