Effect of excess noise on continuous variable entanglement sudden death and Gaussian quantum discord

A symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state is used to investigate the effect of excess noise on entanglement sudden death and Gaussian quantum discord with continuous variables. The results show that the excess noise in the channel can lead to entanglement sudden death of a symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state, while Gaussian quantum discord never vanishes. As a practical application, the security of a quantum key distribution （QKD） scheme based on a symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state against collective Gaussian attacks is analyzed. The calculation results show that the secret key cannot be distilled when entanglement vanishes and only quantum discord exists in such a QKD scheme.     

利用无噪线性光放大器增加连续变量量子密钥分发最远传输距离

如何提高实际量子密钥分发系统的安全码率和最远传输距离是量子密码学领域重要的研究课题. 本文采用量子无噪线性光放大器放大量子信号, 以改进连续变量量子密钥分发系统实际性能. 经仔细研究, 本文发现增益系数为g的线性无噪放大器可将连续变量量子密钥分发系统的最远安全传输距离提高20 log₁₀(g)/a km (a=0.2 dB/km为光纤信道的损耗系数), 并改善系统的安全码率和噪声抗性. 关键词： 量子密钥分发 连续变量 最远传输距离 线性无噪放大器     

离散调制连续变量量子密钥分发的安全边界

对一种结合离散调制和反向协调,适用于长距离传输的连续变量量子密钥分发四态协议的安全性进行了严格证明.这种协议中Alice发送的态与高斯调制协议中的有一定差异,这种差异可以等价成信道衰减和额外噪声.另外,由于Alice不可能做到精确调制,这会导致其发送的相干态中含有噪声.把这种调制引起的噪声看作光源的噪声,并推导出了在光源噪声不能被窃听者所利用的条件下的安全码率的下界.为了避免实验上快速、随机的控制本地振荡光的相位,还将无开关协议和四态协议相结合,分析了其安全性.     

基于量子远程通信的连续变量量子确定性密钥分配协议

基于量子远程通信的原理, 本文借助双模压缩真空态和相干态, 提出一种连续变量量子确定性密钥分配协议. 在利用零差探测法的情况下协议的传输效率达到了100%. 从信息论的角度分析了协议的安全性, 结果表明该协议可以安全传送预先确定的密钥. 在密钥管理中, 量子确定性密钥分配协议具有量子随机性密钥分配协议不可替代的重要地位和作用. 与离散变量量子确定性密钥分配协议相比, 该协议分发密钥的速率和效率更高, 又协议中用到的连续变量量子态易于产生和操控、适于远距离传输, 因此该协议更具有实际意义.     

连续变量四组份纠缠态光场的产生

以一对工作在参量反放大状态的非简并光学参量放大器同时产生的两个正交振幅压缩相干态与两个正交位相压缩真空态光场为基础，经过不同位相关系的线性光学变换，可获得四组份纠缠态光场。我们将介绍实验原理和初步试验结果。     

利用线性光学元件产生连续变量量子克隆的理论研究

我们提出了一种非对称量子克隆方案，在Andersen等人提出的克隆方案的基础上，把克隆方案推广到了两种非对称情况。这种非对称克隆机只需要线性光学元件和零拍探测系统就可实现，非常方便。我们还比较了对称克隆和非对称克隆在压缩态的量子密钥分配中的效用，经过分析得出结论：非对称克隆优于对称克隆。     

Continuous-variable Entanglement in a Correlated Spontaneous Emission Laser

We discuss the generation and evolution of entangled light in a correlated spontaneous emission laser in the linear regime. The master equation for the two-mode cavity field is derived and solved analytically in phase space. The time-dependent characteristic function in the Wigner representation for the two-mode field is obtained. It shows that the two-mode field in the cavity evolves in a two-mode Gaussian state. The entanglement degree of the two- mode field in the cavity increases initially, then decreases, and finally vanishes as the field evolves from an initial vacuum. The period of the entanglement is extended as the intensity of the driving field is increased. It is found that the entanglement still exists even when the two-mode squeezing disappears. During the entanglement period, the intensity of the field is amplified. The entanglement for the initial field being a two-mode squeezed vacuum and the entanglement of the output field are also discussed.