LEDs用KSr_4(BO_3)_3∶Eu~(2+)荧光粉的发光性质

采用固相法合成了KSr4(BO3)3∶x Eu2+(KSB∶x Eu2+)荧光粉,通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及光致发光光谱分别研究了样品的晶相、形貌及发光性质。XRD研究结果表明制备的样品为正交晶系的KSr4(BO3)3单相。当Eu2+的掺杂摩尔分数x为1.5%时,在激发光谱250~550 nm范围内观察到了两个宽带激发,可归属为Eu2+的4f7-4f65d1跃迁;在400 nm激发下,发射谱呈现出一个不对称的黄色发射带,峰值位于560 nm处,可归属于Eu2+的4f65d1-4f7跃迁。因在KSr4(BO3)3化合物中存在3个Sr格位,根据其光谱特征可推测发射谱中非对称的发射带来源于多个Eu2+发光中心。     

MgO单晶势垒磁性隧道结的第一性原理计算和实验研究

在MgO单晶势垒磁性隧道结中发现的室温高隧穿磁电阻现象,是近些年自旋电子学以及磁性隧道结磁电阻材料研究中的又一重大突破。本文主要评述和介绍2001年以来MgO单晶势垒磁性隧道结第一性原理计算和实验上的重要进展,以及介绍利用Layer-KKR第一性原理计算方法研究的Fe(001)/MgO/Fe、Fe(001)/FeO/MgO/Fe、Fe(001)/Mg/MgO/Fe、Fe(001)/Co/MgO/Co/Fe和Fe(001)/MgO/Fe/MgO/Fe等基于单晶MgO(001)单势垒及双势垒磁性隧道结材料的电子结构和自旋相关输运性质研究的最新进展。这些第一性原理定量计算的结果,不仅从物理上增强了对MgO单晶势垒磁性隧道结的电子结构和自旋相关输运特性的了解,而且对于研究新型室温磁电阻隧道结材料及其在自旋电子学器件中的广泛应用,具有一定的参考价值。     

三维有序大孔CdS/TiO2薄膜的制备及其可见光催化性能

采用胶体晶体模板辅助溶胶-凝胶法以及S2-离子交换法合成了三维有序大孔CdS/TiO₂膜.结果表明,该薄膜材料在可见光催化降解污染水中罗丹明B和对氯苯酚的反应中表现出高活性.这可归因于修饰剂CdS的光敏化作用实现可见光催化,CdS-TiO₂之间形成了异质结,促进了电子和空穴的分离; 另一方面,有序大孔结构有利于光的利用以及反应物的扩散和吸附.     

蛋白质跨膜传输的飞秒和频振动光谱快速实时监测

Characterization of conformation kinetics of proteins at the interfaces is crucial for understanding the biomolecular functions and the mechanisms of interfacial biological action. But it requires to capture the dynamic structures of proteins at the interfaces with sufficient structural and temporal resolutions. Here, we demonstrate that a femtosecond sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) system developed by our group provides a powerful tool for monitoring the real-time peptide transport across the membranes with time resolution of less than one second. By probing the real-time SFG signals in the amide I and amide A bands as WALP23 interacts with DMPG lipid bilayer, it is found that WALP23 is initially absorbed at the gel-phase DMPG bilayer with a random coil structure. The absorption of WALP23 on the surface leads to the surface charge reversal and thus changes the orientation of membrane-bound water. As the DMPG bilayer changes from gel phase into fluid phase, WALP23 inserts into the fluid-phase bilayer with its N-terminal end moving across the membrane, which causes the membrane dehydration and the transition of WALP23 conformation from random coil to mixed helix/loop structure and then to pure α-helical structure. The established system is ready to be employed in characterizing other interfacial fast processes, which will be certainly helpful for providing a clear physical picture of the interfacial phenomena.     

界面蛋白质分子结构与动力学的和频振动光谱研究

蛋白质与界面相互作用是自然界中一种非常普遍但又十分复杂的现象,其在物理、生物技术、化学工程、药物、环境科学等诸多领域中发挥着极其重要的作用。生物膜界面蛋白质的错误折叠引起的功能障碍与许多疾病的发生和发展直接相关。原位、实时、精确地表征界面蛋白质分子构象变化与动力学行为是揭示界面蛋白质功能的核心,对阐明与蛋白质聚集相关的神经退化型疾病的发生和发展机理非常重要。但目前对其结构与动力学的了解相当匮乏,蛋白质折叠仍是分子生物学中心法则中至今尚未解决的一个重大生物学问题。这主要是因为其表征技术不仅要求具有足够高的结构分辨度和时间分辨度,还需满足时间、空间、活体、非介入性等要求,但同时满足这些要求的技术甚少。而和频振动光谱是一种可以在分子层次上探测界面蛋白质分子结构与动力学的表征方法。本文详细介绍了和频振动光谱技术在界面蛋白质结构与动力学表征方面的应用。通过原位实时探测不同蛋白质骨架振动的酰胺Ⅰ,酰胺Ⅲ与酰胺A谱带,可以实现界面蛋白质分子结构、构象变化与动力学特征的精确测量,进而揭示蛋白质–细胞膜相互作用、蛋白质–蛋白质相互作用、蛋白质聚集的分子机理。本综述将为人们研究复杂界面体系物理与化学问题提供新的思路。     

Giant 2D Skyrmion Topological Hall Effect with Ultrawide Temperature Window and Low-Current Manipulation in 2D Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Crystals

The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices based on topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions.However,most skyrmions and THE are stabilized in a narrow temperature window either below or over room temperature with high critical current manipulation.It is still elusive and challenging to achieve large THE with both wi...     

Giant Tunneling Magnetoresistance in Spin-Filter Magnetic Tunnel Junctions Based on van der Waals A-Type Antiferromagnet CrSBr

Two-dimensional van der Waals magnetic materials have demonstrated great potential for new-generation high-performance and versatile spintronic devices. Among them, magnetic tunnel junctions(MTJs) based on A-type antiferromagnets, such as CrI₃, possess record-high tunneling magnetoresistance(TMR) because of the spin filter effect of each insulating unit ferromagnetic layer. However, the relatively low working temperature and the instability of the chromium halides hinder applications ...