Test particle simulations of resonant interactions between energetic electrons and discrete,multi-frequency artificial whistler waves in the plasmasphere

Modulated high frequency(HF) heating of the ionosphere provides a feasible means of artificially generating extremely low frequency(ELF)/very low frequency(VLF) whistler waves, which can leak into the inner magnetosphere and contribute to resonant interactions with high energy electrons. Combining the ray tracing method and test particle simulations, we evaluate the effects of energetic electron resonant scattering driven by the discrete, multi-frequency artificially generated ELF/VLF waves. The simulation results indicate a stochastic behavior of electrons and a linear profile of pitch angle and kinetic energy variations averaged over all test electrons. These features are similar to those associated with single-frequency waves. The computed local diffusion coefficients show that, although the momentum diffusion of relativistic electrons due to artificial ELF/VLF whistlers with a nominal amplitude of ～ 1 pT is minor, the pitch angle scattering can be notably efficient at low pitch angles near the loss cone, which supports the feasibility of artificial triggering of multi-frequency ELF/VLF whistler waves for the removal of high energy electrons from the magnetosphere. We also investigate the dependences of diffusion coefficients on the frequency interval(△f) of the discrete, multi-frequency waves.We find that there is a threshold value of △f for which the net diffusion coefficient of multi-frequency whistlers is inversely proportional to △f(proportional to the frequency components Nw) when △f is below the threshold value but it remains unchanged with increasing △f when △f is larger than the threshold value. This is explained as being due to the fact that the resonant scattering effect of broadband waves is the sum of the effects of each frequency in the ‘effective frequency band’. Our results suggest that the modulation frequency of HF heating of the ionosphere can be appropriately selected with reasonable frequency intervals so that better performance of controlled precipitation of high energy electrons in the plasmasphere by artificial ELF/VLF whistler waves can be achieved.     

Room-Temperature Magnetism Realized by Doping Fe into Ferroelectric LiTaO3

We synthesize LiTal-x FexO3-σ （LTFO） remain single phase up to x = 0.09 ceramics by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The samples The magnetic measurements show that the doping of Fe successfully realizes ferromagnetism of LTFO at room temperature. The dielectric measurements indicate that LTFO is ferroelectric, similarly to LiTaO3 （LTO）, but its ferroelectric Curie temperature seems to decrease with the increasing Fe content. By means of doping Fe ions into LTO, the coexistence of spontaneous electric polarization and spontaneous magnetic moment is realized at room temperature.     

线照明并行谱域光学相干层析成像系统与缺陷检测应用研究

针对玻璃缺陷在线无损检测的迫切需求,本文报道了一种基于线照明并行谱域光学相干层析成像系统的大视场检测系统.该系统采用快速面阵CMOS相机,单次拍摄即可获取完整的横截面(B-scan)图像.基于线照明面阵探测器的并行谱域光学相干层析成像系统,可以同时获取沿线照明方向各位置处的深度分辨信息,避免了横向扫描机构的应用.研制系统的轴向分辨率为17.9μm,并行方向上的横向分辨率55.7μm,扫描方向上的横向分辨率为24.8μm,轴向扫描速率为128 000 A-scan/s,横向视场为32 mm,空气中成像深度大于6 mm,成像灵敏度达到62 dB以上.利用研制的线照明并行谱域光学相干层析成像系统,开展了不同类型玻璃表面及其内部缺陷的检测应用研究.     

硅基薄膜太阳电池一维光子晶体背反射器的模拟设计与制备

从模拟和实验两个方面研究了一种适用于硅基薄膜太阳电池的一维光子晶体新型背反射器.首先采用时域有限差分方法,模拟研究了组成一维光子晶体的两种介质的折射率比、厚度比以及周期厚度对光子禁带的影响.基于模拟结果,制备出一种由低折射率SiOx层与高折射率非晶硅a-Si层周期性交叠构成的禁带可调式一维光子晶体背反射器.通过改变a-Si层的厚度,使得禁带范围由500—750 nm波长范围红移至650—1100 nm,反射率分别达到96.4%和99%.将上述结构的一维光子晶体作为背反射器分别应用于非晶硅单结太阳电池和非晶硅/微晶硅双结叠层太阳电池,与没有背反射结构电池相比,短路电流密度分别提升了18.3%和15.2%.同时模拟研究了在不同入射角度下自然光、TE波和TM波对光子晶体反射特性的影响.研究结果表明,在太阳电池中,光线倾斜入射对一维光子晶体反射率的影响有限.     

球磨处理对碳纳米管吸附苯胺的影响

探讨了机械球磨处理后碳纳米管的微观结构变化,并研究了球磨时间对其吸附苯胺的影响.实验结果表明,通过机械球磨可获得大量不同长度的开口碳纳米管,且球磨时间越长,碳纳米管的长度越短,开口程度越明显.球磨处理后碳纳米管中堆积孔孔径明显变小,管内孔孔径基本保持不变.处理后的碳纳米管与处理前相比,其对苯胺的吸附量显著增加,管内发生的毛细凝聚在吸附中起到了重要的作用.     

多体相互作用体系中的弛豫与扩散:一个尚未解决的问题

文章目的在于引起国内研究团体对一系列复杂相互作用体系中的弛豫和扩散的普适性进行关注.研究发现,无论是不同的化学结构(如无机物、有机物、聚合物、生物分子、胶体、金属和离子导电材料),还是不同的物理状态(如晶态、玻璃态、液体、熔体、混合体系和含水系统),以及不同的尺度(如从块体至纳米),这种普适性无处不在[K.L.Ngai.Relaxation and Diffusion in Complex Systems.NewYork:Springer,2011].该现象起源于多体系统的不可逆过程,取决于一些基本物理定律,与非简谐势引发的经典混沌有关.重新认识这种普适性不仅对众多不同领域的发展有利,而且能进一步弄清楚多体系统中的弛豫与扩散问题——一个重要而又未解决的物理问题.作者提出的耦合模型尽管不是一个严格而完整的答案,但却能够预测多体系统的弛豫和扩散特征,而且与实验结果吻合.基于该模型,绝大多数多体系统中的弛豫与扩散行为是相似的.该模型有望为这一难题的彻底解决奠定基石.     

一道高考题错误解法的纠正及其他

文[1]利用圆锥曲线的定义解决了与圆锥曲线焦点、焦半径比、直线斜率有关的一类试题,读后很受启发.但美中不足的是,例5的解法中出现了错误.本文纠正错误,并将焦点一般化,给出与椭圆焦点、焦半径比、直线斜率有关的一类试题的推广.先把文[1]中的例5抄录如下:     

低同源性蛋白质结构预测

基因组计划在实施产生了大量的DNA序列信息,如何有效地利用这些信息来研究基因的产物－蛋白质的结构与功能成为引入注目的研究领域,同源蛋白质结构预测及蛋白质折工识别是在基因组水平上进行蛋白质结构预测的有效方法,酵母基因组中约有50％的基因可以通过这类方法来确定其表面产物蛋白质的结构[1],但是目前所采用的方法在低同源性蛋白质的结构预测方面尚存在较大困难。     

单N-乙酸取代O2N2大环配体及其稀土配合物的合成与表征

Aseries of new rare earth complexes LnL(NO₃)₂·2H₂O(Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Yb;L=1,2-diaza-3,4: 9,10-dibenzo-5,8-dioxyacyclopentadecane-N-acetic ion) were prepared. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, ICPmethod, IRspectra, 1H NMRand Molar conductance. It was found that the ether oxygen, carboxy oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the ligand are coordinated to the metal ion, as well as a free nitrate and coordianted nitrate ion in the complex.     

无机/有机纳米复合材料的研究进展*

分析总结了聚合物基无机纳米复合材料的各种制备方法、性质及其应用, 并对今后的发展作了展望。