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二十世纪以来人们对希土元素给予很大的注意,这绝不是偶然的,因为它们的原子核性质及中子结构使之具有特殊性质,因而有其广泛的用途。特别象Sm,Eu,Gd有很大吸收中子截面,我们可以把这三个元素应用于原子堆和别的方面。此外,希土元素具有特殊的电磁性质,可应用于绝对零度时作超导体。希土元素又可用来作人造宝石和光学玻璃。希土氧化物有很高的硬度,可用作玻璃工业上的磨光用,此外希土元素可用于加入其它金属中用作合金,也可得高质量钢等等。关于希土元素的应用,还可举出许多其它的例子,这里不一一详述。 相似文献
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印度北部的一个佛教圣庙里,放置着三根宝石针,每根针长约0.5米.据说印度教主神梵天创造世界时,在其中某根针上,自上而下由大到小放了64片金片.每天24小时内都有僧侣值班,按照以下规律将每根针上的宝石片移来移去:每次只准移动一片,且不论在那根针上,较小的金片只能放在较大的金片上.当所有金片都从一根针移到另外一根针上时,“世界末日”就会降临. 相似文献
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本文测量了298.15K时La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Dy、Ho、Yb、Y十一种希土元素异硫氰酸盐水合物[RE(NCS)_3·nH_2O]在二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)水溶液中的积分溶解热以及相应的十一种希土元素异硫氰酸盐二甲基乙酰胺配合物[RE(NCS)_3·mDMA]在水中的积分溶解热。藉助于本文所设计的热化学循环,用本文所测得的积分溶解热数据和文献数据,求得了这十一种RE(NCS)_3·mDMA的标准生成焓,进而计算出了它们的晶格能。此外,还对Tb、Er、Tm、Lu四种RE(NCS)_3·mDMA的相应数据进行了估算。 相似文献
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A method of analyzing transmission loss in left-handed metamaterials (LHMs) is proposed. As a demonstration of this method, transmission loss of LHMs composed of split-ring resonators (SRR) and conducting wires is studied. By means of retrieving and analyzing the effective constitutive parameters, different transmission losses as well as their origins are studied. The results show that the left-handed bandwidth is narrowed because of high loss caused by the non-zero high imaginary parts of the effective permeability and permittivity. In the effective left-handed band, the radiation loss is very low and can be neglected, and the transmission losses are the sum of the substrate loss and the ohmic loss. Moreover, when the dielectric loss tangent of the substrate is greater than 0.003, the substrate loss is higher than the ohmic loss. 相似文献
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By using the coordinate transformation method, we have deduced the
material parameter equation for rotating elliptical spherical cloaks
and carried out simulation as well. The results indicate that the
rotating elliptical spherical cloaking shell, which is made of
meta-materials whose permittivity and permeability are governed by
the equation deduced in this paper, can achieve perfect invisibility
by excluding electromagnetic fields from the internal region without
disturbing any external field. 相似文献