共振非弹性散射光谱仪设计原理及性能测试

共振非弹性散射(RIXS)是一种研究分子、材料的电子结构的X射线光谱技术,其对光源、光谱仪都有着极为苛刻的要求。掌握先进RIXS光谱仪设计思想、使用方法、性能等对未来研究均具有重要意义。通过探究其设计思想,从光程函数理论方式出发并计算变间距光栅参数,逐一分析各像差项对最终成像结果影响; 开发可见激光的非接触式测量方式测量电机编码与光谱仪部件角度关系,并验证该方式的有效性; 在同步辐射实验站直接使用同步辐射X射线,对光谱仪成像分辨率进行标定,掌握光谱仪工作性能; 最终将SHADOW模拟数据与实际探测数据进行对比,表明光谱仪安装调试满足设计及实验要求。     

A new positron annihilation lifetime spectrometer based on DRS4 waveform digitizing board

A new simple digital positron lifetime spectrometer has been developed. It includes a DRS4 waveform digitizing board and two scintillation detectors based on the XP2020Q photomultiplier tubes and LaBr₃ scintillators. The DRS4 waveform digitizing can handle small pulses, down to few tens of millivolts, and its time scale linearity and stability are very good. The new system has reached a 206 ps time resolution, which is better than the conventional analog apparatus using the same detectors. These improvements make this spectrometer more simple and convenient in comparison with other spectrometers, and it can be applied to the other scintillation timing measurements with picosecond accuracy.     

TEA CO2激光器预电离结构电极系统的电场研究

 高功率气体激光器的非对称复杂电极系统中,电极参数的变化以及预电离结构的引入将会使所设计的均匀电场发生具体的改变。采用高精度有限元方法,对这类复杂电极系统进行建模并且计算其电场分布,根据分析结果更合理地指导激光器设计。对一种典型的非对称复杂电极系统TEA CO₂激光器,应用该方法并结合了预电离过程,研究了引入预电离器导体和变化电极形状对电极表面的电场强度起伏和放电空间的均匀电场面积产生的影响。结果表明:通过这种预先模拟,合理选择电极构型参数和预电离结构安装位置,可以产生性质较好的均匀电场以及效率较高的激光输出。     

The application of artificial neural networks to the inversion of the positron lifetime spectrum

A new method of processing positron annihilation lifetime spectra is proposed.It is based on an artificial neural network(ANN)-back propagation network(BPN).By using data from simulated positron lifetime spectra which are generated by a simulation program and tested by other analysis programs,the BPN can be trained to extract lifetime and intensity from a positron annihilation lifetime spectrum as an input.In principle,the method has the potential to unfold an unknown number of lifetimes and their intensities from a measured spectrum.So far,only a proof-of-principle type preliminary investigation was made by unfolding three or four discrete lifetimes.The present study aims to design the network.Besides,the performance of this method requires both the accurate design of the BPN structure and a long training time.In addition,the performance of the method in practical applications is dependent on the quality of the simulation model.However,the chances of satisfying the above criteria appear to be high.When appropriately developed,a trained network could be a very efficient alternative to the existing methods,with a very short identification time.We have used the artificial neural network codes to analyze data such as the positron lifetime spectra for single crystal materials and monocrystalline silicon.Some meaningful results are obtained.     

Laser Micro-Hole Drilling of Soda-Lime Glass with Femtosecond Pulses

Using tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses, we have drilled micro-holes from the front and rear surface of soda-lime glass in ambient air. The machined holes have small aspect ratio or irregular inner walls. When the drilling is conducted from the rear surface in contact with distilled water, a good quality micro-hole with a high aspect ratio can be obtained. The corresponding formation mechanisms are investigated.     

新型2-氨基苯并咪唑类EGFRT790M抑制剂的合成及其生物活性

以1-氟-2-硝基芳烃和反式-4-氨基环己醇盐酸盐为原料,经亲核取代、还原、环化及缩合等反应合成了15个新型的2-氨基苯并咪唑类EGFR^T790M抑制剂(6a~6o),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。分别采用ELISA法和SRB法测定了6a~6o的体外酪氨酸激酶抑制活性和体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明：6l对EGFR^T790M/L858R的抑制活性最好,其IC₅₀为45.6±18.8 nmol·L^-1,优于先导化合物N-{1-[(1R,4R)-4-羟基环己基]-7-甲基-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基}-3-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰胺(6,IC₅₀为136.7±9.1 nmol·L^-1),且对EGFR^T790M的选择性高达219倍;6a, 6e, 6h和6i对人肺腺癌细胞(NCI 1975)的抑制活性较好,其IC₅₀值分别为1.929±0.347, 2.168±0.819, 2.335±0.787和1.930±0.529 μmol·L^-1,优于先导化合物6(2.653±1.395 μmol·L^-1)。     

金属及其化合物掺杂PVDF介电/压电材料的研究进展

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)是一种具有热电性和压电性的聚合物,由于其具有良好的柔韧性、热稳定性和耐腐蚀性等优点,因此在电子电气领域具有广阔的应用前景,但相对于传统无机类压电材料来说,其介电常数和压电常数仍相对较低,因此提升PVDF的压电性能和介电性能已成为目前国内外的研究热点之一。本文对近年来国内外利用金属及其化合物来提高聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)电性能的方法进行了概述,并对金属及其化合物掺杂PVDF的利弊及发展趋势进行了展望。     

工业用快速流动气体放电CO_2激光器的输出稳定性

本文分析了由于谐振腔和激活介质特性的不稳定性、由于激光照射的目标附近的过程对谐振腔运行的影响,导致工业用快速流动气体放电CO_2激光器的输出功率和空间发射特性变化的各种物理和技术上的原因。指出功率脉动幅度可以达到100％,角度分布不稳定性可以超过衍射极限的光束发散量,激光发射参数的频谱变化范围为10~(-3)-10~6Hz。具有如此幅度和频谱特性的变化,对材料的激光处理过程的稳定性有很大的影响。因此,在选择激光器件及其工作方式时,必须考虑以上因素。     

A new positron annihilation lifetime spectrometer based on DRS4 waveform digitizing board

Abstract： A new simple digital positron lifetime spectrometer has been developed. It includes a DRS4 waveform digitizing board and two scintillation detectors based on the XP2020Q photomultiplier tubes and LaBr3 scintillators. The DRS4 waveform digitizing can handle small pulses, down to few tens of millivolts, and its time scale linearity and stability are very good. The new system has reached a 206 ps time resolution, which is better than the conventional analog apparatus using the same detectors. These improvements make this spectrometer more simple and convenient in comparison with other spectrometers, and it can be applied to the other scintillation timing measurements with picosecond accuracy.