Mg(NH2)2与LiH放氢反应机理的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究Mg(NH₂)₂与LiH放氢反应机理,在6-311G(d,p)基组水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态及产物进行全几何参数优化,频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算证实中间体和过渡态的正确性和相互连接关系.计算结果表明,反应分三个阶段,包括第一步氢取代反应,第二步氢取代反应和脱氢后的异构化反应.反应有两条途径,其中第二步对位氢取代反应所对应通道为主反应通道.反应释放的H₂中两个氢原子分别来源于Mg(NH₂)₂和LiH.     

密度泛函理论研究LiX(X=H,D,T)体系的热力学性质

运用量子力学从头计算方法,计算了氢化锂(氘化锂、氚化锂)分子的部分热力学函数和力学、光谱学性质。基于准简谐Debye模型,计算了固体Li的振动内能、振动和电子熵,探讨了Li吸收氢同位素气体生成一氢化物的反应熵变、生成焓变和生成Gibbs自由能及氢同位素的平衡离解压。结果显示:在Li吸收同位素气体生成一氢化物的反应中,生成焓变和反应熵变均为负值,且随温度升高,绝对值越大,Gibbs自由能则向正的方向增加。热力学上,在相同温度和压力下,氢置换一氢化物中的氘和氚、及氘置换氚的反应更易发生。     

Influence of collision energy and reagent vibrational excitation on the dynamics of the reaction H + LiH

We present a detailed quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) study of the dynamics corresponding to the reaction H + LiH proceeding via depletion and H‐exchange paths on a new potential energy surface of the electronic ground state. The effects of collision energy and reagent initial vibrational excitation on the reaction probability and cross sections are studied over a wide range of collision energies. The QCT‐calculated reaction probability and cross sections are in good agreement with previous time‐dependent wave packet results. More importantly, we found that the vibrational excitation of LiH molecule inhibits the LiH depletion reaction, whereas it promotes the H‐exchange reaction. In addition, the differential cross sections calculated for the depletion reaction at different collision energies and excitation states indicate a strong forward scattering of the product molecule H₂. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

(LiH)_n(n=1～5)团簇与NH_3反应的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中杂化密度泛函B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)方法,对(LiH)_n(n=1～5)团簇结构进行计算,得到最稳定构型,并计算分析其与NH_3的反应机理.对各反应的中间体和过渡态进行频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算,以验证反应的正确性.用QCISD/6-311G(d,p)方法计算各驻点的单点能,得到能量信息.结果表明:各反应所释放H_2中的两个氢原子分别来源于NH_3和(LiH)_n(n=1～5)团簇.弱化N-H键的作用有利于反应能垒的降低,是反应脱氢的关键.LiH团簇尺寸变化对反应能垒没有太大影响.     

LiH，LiO和LiOH的分析势能函数与分子反应动力学

基于相对论有效原子实势（RECP）和密度泛函（B3LYP/SDD）方法，优化得到了LiH，LiO和LiOH的分子结构；研究得到了LiH和LiO的Murrell-Sorbie分析势能函数以及LiOH的多体项展式分析势能函数，由势能函数导出了LiH，LiO和LiOH的离解能，分别为2.722eV，3.592eV和9.085eV，与实验值基本一致.在分析势能函数基础上，用准经典分子散射理论方法，研究了LiH与O的分子反应动力学.结果表明，碰撞反应是一个无阈能反应，即较低的初始平动能更有利于反应产物的形成，主要生 关键词： LiH LiOH 势能函数 分子反应动力学     

SAC／SAC—CI方法研究LiH基态（X^1∑^＋）以及A^1∑^＋、B^1П激发态结构与性质

利用SAC（Symmetry-Adapted Cluster）／SAC-CI（Configuration Interaction）理论中的SAC-CI-NV（Non-variational）and SAC-CI-V（Variational）方法，以及6-311＋＋g^＊＊基组对LiH分子的基态（X^1∑^＋）和A^1∑^＋、B^1П激发态的平衡结构以及性质进行了研究计算．两种方法对LiH分子的三个态进行处理。并将优化结果与现有实验值进行了比较，结果显示，理论计算值都与实验值符合较好．同时利用SAC/SAC-CI方法中的AllProperties关键字对我们所关心的LiH分子的基态（X^1∑^＋）和A^1∑^＋、B^1П激发态进行了计算，并给出各个态在其平衡点位置处的偶极矩、振子强度和抗磁化率等一些性质参数，对以后的实验作理论参考．     

基态6LiH和7LiD分子的精确Rydberg-RKR势能

本文将代数方法(AM;Sun et al,J.Mol.Spectrosc.2002,215:93)和Rydberg-Klein-Rees(RKR)方法相结合,获得了基态6Li H和7Li D同位素分子的高振动激发态能谱和Rydberg-RKR势能.所得势能产生的振动能谱同实验数据及AM结果均很好相符.这套方法可以用来有效研究分子内长程相互作用势.     

LiH分子X 1Σ+ 、A 1Σ+和B 1Π态的势能函数

The energies, equilibrium geometries and harmonic frequencies of the three electronic states (the ground state X 1Σ+, the first excitation state A 1Σ+ and the second excitation degenerate state B 1Π) of LiH molecule have been calculated by using the GSUM (Group Sum of Operators) method of SAC/ SAC-CI with the basis sets D95(d), 6-311G**, and cc-PVTZ. Comparing with the above-mentioned three basis sets, the conclusion is gained that the basis set D95(d) is the most suitable for the energy calculation of LiH molecule. The whole potential curves for these three electronic states are further scanned, using SAC/D95(d) method for the ground state and SAC-CI/D95(d) methods for the excited states. Murrell-Sorbie function were fitted using a least square and then the spectroscopy constants are calculated, which are in good agreement with the experimental data.     

Control of amplification without inversion in H2 and LiH molecules: Dependence on relative magnitude of probe and coherent field Rabi frequencies in three-level Λ system

Dependence of amplification without inversion (AWI) on the relative strength of probe and coherent field Rabi frequencies has been studied in H₂ and LiH molecules for three-level Λ configuration. We have derived exact analytical expressions for coherences and populations keeping all the orders of probe field Rabi frequency (G) and coherent field Rabi frequency. (Θ) in the steady state limit. Previously, first-order approximation (i.e. keeping only the first-order term in G) was used and hence AWI was studied for the condition Θ>>G. Here, by using the exact analytical expressions of coherences and populations, we have shown that AWI is maximum when Θ is within the same order of probe field Rabi frequency G irrespective of the choice of different ro-vibrational transitions in both the molecules. However, the shape of the gain profile and the maximum value of gain on the probe field and the absorption on coherent field depend on the choice of different ro-vibrational levels as the upper lasing levels. Effect of bidirectional pumping, homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening on AWI process has been studied. By solving the density matrix equations numerically it has been shown that both the transient and the steady state AWI can be obtained and the numerical values of coherences and populations at large time are in very good agreement with exact analytical values in the steady state limit. It has been shown that in molecules AWI can be obtained on probe field of smaller wavelength than that of the coherent field which has not been observed in atoms so far.     

LiH分子X 1Σ+、 A 1Σ+和B 1Π态的势能函数

利用SAC/SAC-CI方法,使用D95(d)、6-311G**及cc-PVTZ等基组,对LiH分子的基态(X1Σ+)、第一激发态(A1Σ+)及第二简并激发态(B1Π)的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了优化计算.通过对三个基组的计算结果的比较,得出了D95(d)基组为三个基组中的最优基组的结论;使用D95(d)基组,利用SAC的GSUM(GroupSumofOperators)方法对基态(X1Σ+)、SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态(A1Σ+和B1Π)进行单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数;从得到的势能函数计算了与基态(X1Σ+)相对应的光谱常数,结果与实验数据较为一致.