Higher-order effects on self-similar parabolic pulse in the microstructured fibre amplifier

By considering higher-order effects, the properties of self-similar parabolic pulses propagating in the microstructured fibre amplifier with a normal group-velocity dispersion have been investigated. The numerical results indicate that the higher-order effects can badly distort self-similar parabolic pulse shape and optical spectrum, and at the same time the peak shift and oscillation appear, while the pulse still reveals highly linear chirp but grows into asymmetry. The influence of different higher-order effects on self-similar parabolic pulse propagation has been analysed. It shows that the self-steepening plays a more important role. We can manipulate the geometrical parameters of the microstructured fibre amplifier to gain a suitable dispersion and nonlinearity coefficient which will keep high-quality self-similar parabolic pulse propagation. These results are significant for the further study of self-similar parabolic pulse propagation.     

分布式拉曼光纤放大器动态增益控制研究

介绍了动态增益控制的必要性，对动态拉曼传输方程进行了简化，并将其以矩阵形式表示，从而减少了方程的数量，提高了计算速度。由拉曼传输耦合方程推出一种适用于分布式拉曼放大器实时控制的自动控制算法。考虑工程需要，该算法忽略了噪声功率、泵浦间的受激拉曼效应，以及信号和泵浦间受激拉曼效应对泵浦功率的损耗。结果表明该算法能够达到快速抑制输入信号功率突变引起的输出功率／增益波动的目的。     

Er3+-doped phosphor-tellurite glass for broadband short-length Er3+-doped fiber amplifier

ErS+-doped phosphor-tellurite glass for broadband short-length Er3+-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is fabricated and characterized. The differential value (△T) of onset crystalline temperature (Tx) and glass transition temperature (Ts) is 206°C.     

8 mm二次谐波回旋速调管放大器双阳极磁控注入电子枪的设计

 计算了8 mm二次谐波回旋速调管双阳极电子枪的设计参数，根据这些参数，采用EGUN软件进行模拟和优化，设计出了一只双阳极磁控注入电子枪，该枪的电子束纵横速度比为1.45，速度零散为5.4%，并讨论了电极形状、磁场分布、电流、控制极电压和第二阳极电压对电子注性能的影响，结果发现电子注对这些影响因子非常敏感，设计中应对它们进行充分优化。     

二极管泵浦Nd:YAG棒双通放大器技术

二极管泵浦NdYAG棒双通放大器采用两个峰值功率6.5 kW激光泵浦模块作为泵浦源.每个激光泵浦模块由81个二极管激光器组成,NdYAG棒直径为6 mm,Nd掺杂质量分数1%.在两个封装方式和结构一致的激光泵浦模块之间采用光学像传递和插入90°石英旋转片进行退偏补偿.在重复频率400 Hz,谐振腔输出单脉冲能量6 mJ时,双通输出400 mJ,激光器光-光转换效率为12.3%,光束质量4.6,脉宽15 ns.     

掺镱双包层光纤放大器分布泵浦方式下的优化算法

 利用平均反转率迭代算法计算掺镱双包层光纤放大器分布泵浦方式下的稳态速率方程组，并采用遗传算法对分布泵浦功率的大小和每段光纤长度同时进行优化。评估函数中引入了每段光纤中最高温度的标准方差，以确保每段光纤中的最高工作温度是相同的。通过优化，7段泵浦的最高温度和标准方差分别为126.34 ℃和1.95 ℃ ，8段泵浦条件下的最高温度和标准方差分别为119.76 ℃和2.12 ℃。而未经优化的7段泵浦的最高温度和标准方差分别为147.12 ℃和21.37 ℃，8段泵浦条件下的最高温度和标准方差分别为139.95 ℃和20.83 ℃。计算结果表明：泵浦方式的优化降低了最高温度和标准方差，实现了光纤中温度分布的均匀性，并且通过增加泵浦段数可以进一步降低最高温度和平坦温度分布。     

新型高功率径向强流速调管振荡器

 提出了一种新结构的高功率径向强流速调管振荡器,该器件利用折叠式同轴谐振腔的微波场与接近空间电荷限制电流的径向电子束强烈相互作用产生高功率微波。首先对这种器件的实现机理进行了初步的分析，提出了有间隙电压情况时的径向同轴间隙的空间电荷限制电流1维近似估计模型。分析表明：对于电子束直流接近但小于直流空间限制电流的径向速调管，当有调制间隙电压时，空间限制电流要小于无调制间隙电压情况下的直流空间限制电流，径向强流电子束电流接近和超过空间电荷限制电流时会出现强烈的调制。然后用PIC程序对其特性进行了粒子模拟，在二极管输入电压500 kV、电子束电流为30 kA条件下，最终得到了峰值功率6 GW、频率1.3 GHz的微波输出。     

Noise performance analysis of bi-directionally pumped distributed fiber Raman amplifiers with consideration of fiber nonlinearity and its impact on EDFA output OSNR

Under small-signal assumption, equivalent noise figure normalized by fiber nonlinearities (NENF) of bi-directionally pumped distributed fiber Raman amplifiers (BiDFRA) is derived. Amplified spontaneous Raman scattering noise and double Rayleigh scattering noise are both included. The relation between NENF and Raman gain, forward Raman gain percentage is investigated under different polarization factor and Rayleigh scattering coefficient. It agrees well with numerical simulation results. Based on the analytical expression, the optical signal-to-nose ratio (OSNR) improvement of hybrid pre-BiDFRA/erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) compared with sole EDFA is studied. It is shown that there is an optimum Raman gain and forward Raman gain percentage to maximize the OSNR improvement. Finally, some guidelines on BiDFRA design are proposed.     

Calculation of the Electron Efficiency for a Two-Cavity Gyroklystron Amplifier by Using a Self-Consistent Code

The beam-wave interaction in a Ka-band, two-cavity fundamental gyroklystron amplifier is studied by using a self-consistent nonlinear simulation code. The electron efficiency for this gyroklystron amplifier is calculated, and the effect of various parameters, such as beam voltage, beam current, electron guiding center radius, velocity pitch ratio and drift tube length on the electron efficiency is discussed in detail.     

Noise Stability of SIS Receivers

There is a strong interest in the submillimeter astronomy community to increase the IF bandwidth of SIS receivers in order to better facilitate broad spectral linewidth and continuum observations of extragalactic sources. However, with an increase in receiver IF bandwidth there is a decrease in the mixer stability. This in turn effects the integration efficiency and quality of the measurement. In order to better understand the noise mechanisms responsible for reducing the receiver stability, we employed a technique first described by D.W. Allan and later elaborated upon by Schieder et al. In this paper we address a variety of factors that degrade the noise stability of SIS receivers. The goal of this exercise is to make recommendations aimed at maximizing SIS receiver stability.