重复频率脉冲功率技术及其应用:（2）电路学方法与电磁学原理

以电磁学的基础概念为出发点,系统性地阐述了脉冲功率产生过程的基本原理。采用统一的理论模型,描述了电磁能量的储存、传输和释放过程的物理规律。从特征阻抗的角度论述了储能器件、传输器件及开关等脉冲功率系统核心元素之间的区别与联系。在此基础上,解说了几种典型脉冲功率发生器的电路方法及其工作原理,它们包括脉冲形成线法、脉冲压缩法和场通量压缩法。     

L波段小型化同轴扩张型天线设计

为了减小常规L波段高功率微波测量接收天线的结构尺寸及增益,设计了一种基于轴向缝隙馈电的小型化同轴扩张型天线。通过理论分析和数值模拟,选择了较优的结构尺寸,得到天线的增益及方向图特性:在1.3~1.6 GHz范围内,增益从-2.0 dBi变化至0.8 dBi;天线最大辐射方向在物理结构轴向。基于矢量网络分析仪E8362B的天线特性测量结果与数值计算结果基本一致:工作频率从1.3~1.6 GHz变化时,增益从-2.3 dBi变化至1.2 dBi;E面方向图主瓣宽度大于60,轴向轴比大于35 dB,结果表明设计的天线能够满足L波段高功率微波测量天线低增益小型化要求。     

基于超导储能脉冲变压器的多模块脉冲电源设计

为了探索一种更加紧凑的导轨型电磁推进基础实验用脉冲电源,以实验室现有高温超导储能脉冲变压器为单元模型,在单谐振电路脉冲成形方案的基础上,设计了环形结构的多模块脉冲电源,分析了环形结构中考虑互感的多模脉冲电源电路的充放电过程。通过对八模块环形结构脉冲电源进行仿真分析,得到了接近150kA的电流脉冲,原边电压限制13kV左右。可以得出,利用单谐振电路的多模块超导储能脉冲变压器并联放电方式,可以实现大电流脉冲的输出的要求,而且环形结构中各线圈存在的互感更有利于多模块脉冲电源。     

小型风光互补发电演示装置

研制了适用于大学物理演示实验教学的小型风光互补发电演示装置,该装置由叶片、风力发电机、光伏太阳能电池板、控制器、蓄电池、逆变器、负载等几部分组成.整个系统以光电互补控制器为核心,经由风力发电机与光伏太阳能电池板将风能和太阳光能转变为电能,并将其储存于蓄电池中供负载使用.该装置展示了风力发电系统的组成,演示了风力发电原理和相关空气动力学原理.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池的基本性质测量

介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池的工作原理,测量了中温薄膜固体氧化物燃料电池的开路电压、放电曲线及功率曲线,并分析了电池内阻随电流密度的变化.     

利用地铁隧道风能发电的设计与研究

当今世界,随着社会发展,能源是经济之本,是人类生活的依存。本项目对地铁隧道风力发电展开研究,从了解地铁隧道风能的特征入手,通过理论分析结合实验验证,制作实体模型辅助研究,做出初步可行性分析,认定方案可行,然后提出有效利用地铁风力发电的创新设计方案,其中包括羽状风叶、差速装置和机械蓄能装置,并以此为基础设计了整套地铁隧道风力发电设计。该设计是对室内环境风力发电的率先探索,通过研究可得出：利用地铁隧道风力发电设计是一种新的能源利用形式,并有一定应用前景。     

Quantification of high-power ultrasound induced damage on potato starch granules using light microscopy

A simple light microscopic technique was developed in order to quantify the damage inflicted by high-power low-frequency ultrasound (0-160 W, 20 kHz) treatment on potato starch granules in aqueous dispersions. The surface properties of the starch granules were modified using ethanol and SDS washing methods, which are known to displace proteins and lipids from the surface of the starch granules. The study showed that in the case of normal and ethanol-washed potato starch dispersions, two linear regions were observed. The number of defects first increased linearly with an increase in ultrasound power up to a threshold level. This was then followed by another linear dependence of the number of defects on the ultrasound power. The power threshold where the change-over occurred was higher for the ethanol-washed potato dispersions compared to non-washed potato dispersions. In the case of SDS-washed potato starch, although the increase in defects was linear with the ultrasound power, the power threshold for a second linear region was not observed. These results are discussed in terms of the different possible mechanisms of cavitation induced-damage (hydrodynamic shear stresses and micro-jetting) and by taking into account the hydrophobicity of the starch granule surface.     

轴对称折叠组合多通道板条型CO2激光器

基于轴对称折叠组合腔CO2激光器和多通道板条型CO2激光器的特点,提出了轴对称折叠组合多通道板条型CO2激光器模型。通过对模型建立、参数设定、腔特性分析、数值模拟等方面的研究,得到输出光强的近场分布规律。通过分析可知其具有共面输出、多光束并和、光束分布高度对称、近场光能强并分布集中等特点。对CO2激光器的研究有一定的参考价值。     

Period-doubling bifurcation in two-stage power factor correction converters using the method of incremental harmonic balance and Floquet theory

In this paper, period-doubling bifurcation in a two-stage power factor correction converter is analyzed by using the method of incremental harmonic balance (IHB) and Floquet theory. A two-stage power factor correction converter typically employs a cascade configuration of a pre-regulator boost power factor correction converter with average current mode control to achieve a near unity power factor and a tightly regulated post-regulator DC-DC Buck converter with voltage feedback control to regulate the output voltage. Based on the assumption that the tightly regulated post-regulator DC-DC Buck converter is represented as a constant power sink and some other assumptions, the simplified model of the two-stage power factor correction converter is derived and its approximate periodic solution is calculated by the method of IHB. And then, the stability of the system is investigated by using Floquet theory and the stable boundaries are presented on the selected parameter spaces. Finally, some experimental results are given to confirm the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.     

多组全动型变焦系统新型设计

为了寻找简单的多组全动型变焦系统的解算方法及降低全动型变焦距系统设计时对经验的过分依赖,提出了一种全新的方法来计算系统组元的光焦度分配。以组元之间的间隔为初始量,把组元的运动形式作为自由量,通过计算公式求出满足间隔要求的光焦度分配和组元运动形式。该方法在一定程度上降低了变焦系统光焦度分配的难度,更重要的是,为探寻新的变焦运动方式提供了一种新的思路。在得到系统的光焦度分配之后又推导出一种求解系统组元移动曲线的简单方法。为了验证该方法的可行性,设计了一个四组式全动型变焦系统。所设计系统优化后的光焦度分配值和计算的结果都很接近,并且得到了组元的移动曲线,从而验证了该方法的正确性。