Microwave promoted energy-efficient N-formylation with aqueous formic acid

Microwave-induced organic reaction enhancement (‘MORE’) chemistry technique (open vessel; controlled microwave energy to stay below the boiling point of the reaction mixture) was used for the N-formylation of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amino heterocycles with aq formic acid (80%) on a multiple gram scale in a few minutes.     

合肥光源高亮度模式Lattice设计

介绍了一组合肥光源新高亮度模式的Lattice. 新的设计维持了储存环上所有元件和光束线位置不变,也没有加入新的元件. 取得了较低发射度. 所有直线节处的垂直方向β函数值都很小，适合插入件的运行. 跟踪计算表明新Lattice具有足够大的动力学孔径用于注入和储存粒子.     

Method of lines with boundary elements for 1‐D transient diffusion‐reaction problems

Time‐dependent differential equations can be solved using the concept of method of lines (MOL) together with the boundary element (BE) representation for the spatial linear part of the equation. The BE method alleviates the need for spatial discretization and casts the problem in an integral format. Hence errors associated with the numerical approximation of the spatial derivatives are totally eliminated. An element level local cubic approximation is used for the variable at each time step to facilitate the time marching and the nonlinear terms are represented in a semi‐implicit manner by a local linearization at each time step. The accuracy of the method has been illustrated on a number of test problems of engineering significance. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2006     

Numerical solutions of the shallow water equations with discontinuous bed topography

A simple scheme is developed for treatment of vertical bed topography in shallow water flows. The effect of the vertical step on flows is modelled with the shallow water equations including local energy loss terms. The bed elevation is denoted with z_b^‐ for the left and z_b⁺ for the right values at each grid point, hence exactly representing a discontinuity in the bed topography. The surface gradient method (SGM) is generalized to reconstruct water depths at cell interfaces involving a vertical step so that the fluxes at the cell interfaces can accurately be calculated with a Riemann solver. The scheme is verified by predicting a surge crossing a step, a tidal flow over a step and dam‐break flows on wet/dry beds. The results have shown good agreements compared with analytical solutions and available experimental data. The scheme is efficient, robust, and may be used for practical flow calculations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

氪灯和氙灯光谱强度分布和光谱效率测量

氪灯、氙灯光谱强度分布和光谱效率测量是反映氪灯、氙灯性能的关键指标。介绍了一套新型的氪灯、氙灯光谱强度分布和光谱效率检测系统。该系统是一套测量连续发光灯和脉冲闪光灯发光性能及效果的综合检测设备。该检测单元采用计算机进行操控,人机界面良好,便于检验人员进行氪灯和氙灯光谱强度分布和光谱效率的批量检测。检验人员利用该系统可进行装机模拟试验和可靠性试验,可对氪灯和氙灯的性能进行必要的分析研究,不断地积累了氪灯和氙灯的检验数据和经验。     

General strategy for a short and efficient synthesis of 3-hydroxy-4-methylprolines (HMP)

The non-proteinogenic amino acid 3-hydroxy-4-methylproline (HMP) is an active constituent of some potent antimicrobials including echinocandins, nostopeptins, pneumocandins, sporiofungin and mulundocandins. A synthesis has been achieved in 10 steps with 29% overall yield; the Evans’ aldol reaction using Crimmins’ modified method was pivotal to the success of the strategy.     

Remote stereocontrol by the sulfinyl group: Mukaiyama aldol reactions of (S)-2-[2-(p-tolylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetaldehyde in the asymmetric synthesis of β-hydroxyacids and 1,3-diols

(S)-2-[2-(p-Tolylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetaldehyde reacts with different O-silylated ketenethioacetals in the presence of Yb(OTf)₃ yielding β-hydroxythioesters in high yields and diastereoselectivities. The obtained compounds were readily transformed into β-hydroxyacids and their corresponding diols. These Mukaiyama aldol reactions are a direct evidence of the ability of the sulfinyl group to control 1,5- and 1,6-asymmetric induction processes.     

推广x重新标度模型的重标度参数经验公式

给出了推广x重新标度模型的重标度参数经验公式,其中建立了重标度参数与原子核的平均结合能之间的联系,由该公式可以得出A≥12的所有核的重标度参数值,利用这些参数值可以计算有关核过程并做出预言.     

超临界流体触媒作用下石墨-金刚石转变

 研究了超临界流体CO₂在石墨-金刚石转变中的触媒作用。实验中，采用Ag₂O作为流体触媒的先驱材料，在7.7 GPa压力下，Ag₂O在1 200 ℃分解成Ag和O₂，O₂与石墨套管在高温高压下反应形成CO₂超临界流体。研究结果表明，在7.7 GPa和1 500 ℃以上温度条件下，石墨在CO₂流体触媒的作用下可转变为金刚石晶体，在1 500～1 700 ℃温度范围内合成出的金刚石具有完好的八面体形貌，与天然金刚石的生长特征非常相似。     

在BEPC上建造γ束线站的分析

考虑电子的反冲并利用康普顿散射,研究了激光同步辐射光源(LSS)辐射的光子波长、光子能量。结果表明,对于不同的γ,LSS辐射的光子波长和能量有不同的近似公式。当γ<<λ1/4λe时,LSS辐射的光子波长λ2≈λ1/4γ2,能量(εc2≈4γ2εc1;当γ>>λ1/4λe时,LSS辐射的光子波长λ2≈λe/γ,能量cε2≈m0γc2;结果表明,LSS辐射的条件是种子激光的波长λ1大于电子的物质波波长λm;LSS辐射的极值波长是λ2m ax=h/m0γv,极值能量是cε2m ax=βeε;本文后半部分提出了利用北京正负电子对撞机的强流高亮度电子束与激光的康普顿背散射产生单色γ射线的建议。